ASTM D6 D6M-1995(2018) Standard Test Method for Loss on Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Compounds.pdf

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1、Designation: D6/D6M 95 (Reapproved 2018) American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T47Standard Test Method forLoss on Heating of Oil and Asphaltic Compounds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6/D6M; the number immediately following the desig

2、nation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by

3、agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the loss inmass (exclusive of water) of oil and asphaltic compounds whenheated as hereinafter prescribed.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as st

4、andard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, a

5、ssociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability and regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationall

6、y recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5/D5M Test Me

7、thod for Penetration of Bituminous Mate-rialsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Fifty grams of material, spread out in a dish 55 mm indiameter, is heated in moving air for 5 h at 163

8、C 325F andthe percent loss of mass determined along with a comparison,before and after, of any other desired characteristics. This testmethod provides only a relative measurement of the volatilityof a material under test conditions.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is useful in characteriz

9、ing certainpetroleum products by the determination of their loss of massupon heating under standardized conditions.5. Apparatus5.1 OvenThe oven shall be electrically heated and shallconform to the performance requirements of SpecificationE145 Type I, Grade B, for operating temperatures up to 180C365

10、F. During the tests for compliance to Specification E145requirements, the oven shelf, properly placed, shall be in placeand rotating. In addition, it shall also comply with thefollowing requirements:5.1.1 Construction (Note 1)The oven shall be rectangularwith minimum interior dimensions of 330 mm 13

11、 in. in eachdirection. The oven shall have in front a tightly fitting hingeddoor, which shall provide a clear opening substantially thesame as the interior height and width of the oven. The doormay contain a window with dimensions of at least 100 by 100mm 4 by 4 in., and with two sheets of glass sep

12、arated by anair space, through which a vertical thermometer located asspecified in Section 8, may be read without opening the door;or the oven may be provided with an inner glass door, throughwhich the thermometer may be observed on opening the outerdoor momentarily. The oven shall be adequately ven

13、tilated byconvection currents of air and for this purpose shall beprovided with openings for the entrance of air and for the exitof heated air and vapors. Openings may be of any size andarrangement provided the requirements of Specification E145,Type I, Grade B, are met.5.1.2 Rotating ShelfThe oven

14、shall be provided with acircular metal shelf having a minimum diameter of 250 mm9.8 in. (A recommended form of aluminum shelf is shown in1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03 onSurfacing an

15、d Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-upRoofing.Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originallyapproved in 1910. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6/D6M 95 (2011)1.DOI: 10.1520/D0006_D0006M-95R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webs

16、ite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United State

17、sThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trad

18、e (TBT) Committee.1Fig. 1.) The shelf shall be suspended by a vertical shaft andcentered with respect to the horizontal interior dimensions. Theshelf shall be provided with a mechanical means of rotating itat the rate of 5 to 6 rpm. The shelf shall be vertically locatedas close to the center of the

19、oven as permitted by compliancewith the requirements of 7.2 regarding thermometer placement.NOTE 1Continued use of existing smaller ovens complying with therequirements of this test shall be permitted for an indefinite period toprovide for normal amortization of present equipment. However, all newov

20、ens purchased should comply with the minimum dimensions andrequirements of this test method.5.2 ThermometerAn ASTM Loss on Heat Thermometergraduated in Celsius degrees, having a range from 155 to170C and conforming to the requirements for Thermometer13C as prescribed in the Specification E1.5.3 Cont

21、ainerThe container in which the sample is to betested shall be of metal or glass, cylindrical in shape, and shallhave a flat bottom. Its inside dimensions shall be substantiallyas follows: diameter, 55 mm 2.17 in., depth, 35 mm 1.38in.NOTE 2Containers known in the drug trade as seamless “ointmentbox

22、es” may be obtained in dimensions conforming to the above require-ments.6. Technical Hazards6.1 Under ordinary circumstances a number of sampleshaving about the same degree of volatility may be tested at thesame time. Samples varying greatly in volatility should betested separately. When extreme acc

23、uracy is required not morethan one material should be tested at one time and duplicatesamples of it should be placed simultaneously in the oven.Such duplicates shall check within the limits of accuracy givenin Section 9. Results obtained on samples showing evidencesof foaming during the test shall b

24、e rejected.7. Preparation of Sample7.1 Thoroughly stir and agitate the sample as received,warming, if necessary, to obtain a complete mixture before theportion for analysis is removed.7.2 First test the material under examination for water and,if water is present, remove it by suitable methods of de

25、hydra-tion before subjecting the material to the loss on heating test;or, obtain another sample that is free of water.8. Procedure8.1 Place 50.0 6 0.5 g of the sample of the water-freematerial to be tested in a tared container conforming to therequirements of 5.3, and weigh to the nearest 0.01 g. If

26、 thematerial has been heated to facilitate transfer, cool the sampleto room temperature before making this initial weighing. Bringthe oven to a temperature of 163C 325F, and place thecontainer with the weighed sample on and near the circumfer-ence of the circular shelf, in one of the recesses if the

27、recommended shelf is used. Close the oven and rotate the shelfduring the entire test at a rate of 5 to 6 rpm. Maintain thetemperature at 163 6 1C 325 6 1.8F for 5 h after thesample has been introduced and the oven has again reachedthat temperature. The 5-h period shall start when the tempera-ture re

28、aches 162C 324F, and in no case shall the total timethat a sample is in the oven be more than 5 h and 15 min. Atthe conclusion of the heating period, remove the sample fromthe oven, cool to room temperature, weigh to the nearest 0.01g, and calculate the loss due to heating.8.2 Determine temperatures

29、 by means of the specifiedthermometer, which shall be supported from the shaft of thecircular shelf in a vertical position approximately 19 mm 0.75in. inside the periphery of the shelf, and with the bottom of thethermometer bulb 6 mm 0.25 in. above the shelf.Metric Equivalentsin.mm1161.69643.6146.45

30、167.923649.1153211.91212.73419.01153237.311238.12151674.6478123.8FIG. 1 Aluminum ShelfD6/D6M 95 (2018)2NOTE 3If additional periods of heating are desired, it is recommendedthat they be made in successive increments of 5 h each.NOTE 4When it is required that the penetration or other characteristicsof

31、 the sample after heating be determined, the residue should be melted inthe container at the lowest possible temperature and thoroughly mixed bystirring, taking care to avoid incorporating air bubbles in the material. Forthe penetration test, the well-mixed residue shall be brought to standardtemper

32、ature and tested as prescribed in Test Method D5/D5M. For othertests, the well-mixed residue should be tested according to standardconditions as required by the test procedure involved.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Up to 5 % loss in mass, the results obtained may beconsidered as correct within 0.5. Above

33、 5 % loss in mass, thenumerical limit of error increases 0.01 for every 0.5 % increasein loss by volatilization as shown in Table 1.9.2 BiasThe procedure in Test Method D6/D6M has nobias because the value of the loss on heating of oil andasphaltic compounds test, is defined in terms of the testmetho

34、d.10. Keywords10.1 asphalt; heating; oil; ovenASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, a

35、nd the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revis

36、ion of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you s

37、houldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be ob

38、tained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01

39、923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Reproducibility of ResultsVolatilization Loss, % Numerical Correction True Volatilization Loss, %5.0 0.50 4.50 to 5.505.5 0.51 4.99 to 6.016.0 0.52 5.48 to 6.5210.0 0.60 9.40 to 10.6015.0 0.70 14.30 to 15.7025.0 0.90 24.10 to 25.9040.0 1.20 38.80 to 41.20D6/D6M 95 (2018)3