ASTM D115-2017 Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation《电绝缘用含清漆试验溶剂的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D115 14D115 17Standard Test Methods for TestingSolvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y

2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover tests for solvent containing varnishes primarily intended to provide electrical, mech

3、anical, andchemical protection for electrical equipment. These test methods include tests for control and performance as follows:Procedure SectionBuild 38 42Dielectric Strength 43 48Drainage 26 32Flash Point 18 20Nonvolatile Matter 21 25Oil Resistance 54 56Preparation of Test Specimens 7Specific Gra

4、vity 9 12Temperature Index 49 50Time of Drying 33 37Varnish Compatibility 51 53Viscosity 13 171.2 Where the entire test method is included in this standard, the precision and bias are not known unless given in the statedmethod.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The val

5、ues given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and dete

6、rmine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 5.NOTE 1There is no equivalent IEC standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision

7、on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Poi

8、nt by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials atCommercial Power FrequenciesD202 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical InsulationD287 Test Method for API Gra

9、vity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D295 Test Methods for Varnished Cotton Fabrics Used for Electrical InsulationD374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation (Metric) D0374_D0374MD580 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Tapes and WebbingsD1475 Test Me

10、thod for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related ProductsD1932 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Flexible Electrical Insulating Varnishes1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility o

11、f SubcommitteeD09.01 on Electrical Insulating Varnishes, Powders and Encapsulating CompoundsProducts.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2014November 2017. Originally approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 20122014as D115 07 (2012).D115 14. DOI: 10.1520

12、/D0115-14.10.1520/D0115-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM stand

13、ard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases

14、 only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D2518 Specificati

15、on for Woven Glass Fabrics for Electrical Insulation (Withdrawn 2013)3D2519 Test Method for Bond Strength of Electrical Insulating Varnishes by the Helical Coil TestD3145 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of Electrical Insulating Varnishes by the Helical Coil MethodD3251 Test Method for Thermal Endu

16、rance Characteristics of Electrical Insulating Varnishes Applied Over Film-InsulatedMagnet WireD3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup ApparatusD3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical ApparatusD5032 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative

17、Humidity by Means of Aqueous Glycerin SolutionsD5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical InsulationE104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Solutions3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 dielectric strength, nthe voltage

18、 gradient at which dielectric failure of the insulating material occurs under specificconditions of test.3.1.2 drainage, nof an insulating varnish, a measure of the variation in thickness from top to bottom of a varnish film obtainedon the surface of a vertically dip-coated panel after a specified t

19、ime and temperature.3.1.3 flash point, nthe lowest temperature of the specimen, corrected to a pressure of 760 mm Hg (101.3 kPa), at whichapplication of an ignition source causes any vapor from the specimen to ignite under specified conditions of test.3.1.4 nonvolatile matter, nin insulating varnish

20、, that portion of a varnish which is not volatilized when exposed to specifiedconditions; the value obtained is not necessarily equal to the calculated solids incorporated during compounding.3.1.4.1 DiscussionFor example, the theoretical chemical solids are often assumed to be the solid phase materi

21、als incorporated in the varnish at thetime of compounding. Many of these solid phase intermediate materials will lose volatile fractions due to the specified conditionsof the nonvolatile matter procedure. An example is phenolic resin.3.1.5 oil resistance, nof insulating varnish, a measure of the ret

22、ention of properties after exposure to a specified oil underspecified conditions of test.3.1.6 time of drying, nof insulating varnish, the time required for a film of varnish to dry to a tackfree state under specifiedconditions.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 build, nof an i

23、nsulating varnish on copper, the average thickness of varnish film on one side of a copper panel that hasreceived a single coat of the varnish applied and measured under specified conditions.3.2.2 build, nof an insulating varnish on glass cloth, the average overall thickness of strips of glass cloth

24、 that have receivedtwo dips of the varnish applied and measured under specified conditions.3.2.3 tack-free, adjcondition when a varnish has reached the point that the surface can be touched lightly without a sensationof stickiness.3.2.4 varnish, air-drying, na liquid resin system that forms a dry, t

25、ack-free coating, without the application of heat, eitherthrough evaporation of solvent or by reaction with atmospheric oxygen.3.2.5 varnish, baking, na liquid resin system that forms a dry, tack-free coating when exposed to elevated temperatures.4. Significance and Use4.1 ControlThe following tests

26、 are useful for control purposes during the manufacture and use of varnishes, and fordetermining the uniformity of batches:4.1.1 Specific gravity,4.1.2 Viscosity,4.1.3 Flash point, and4.1.4 Nonvolatile matter by weight.4.2 PerformanceThe following tests are useful for determining the performance of

27、varnishes during application and use:4.2.1 Drainage,4.2.2 Time of drying,4.2.3 Build,3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D115 1724.2.4 Dielectric strength,4.2.5 Thermal endurance,4.2.6 Varnish compatibility,4.2.7 Salt water proofness, and4.2.8 Oil re

28、sistance.5. Hazards5.1 WarningDo not use varnish at temperatures above the flash point when inadequate ventilation and the possibility offlames or sparks exist. Store varnish in sealed containers. The precautions shall also apply to the handling of the reagents andsolvents called for herein.6. Sampl

29、ing6.1 For all tests the sample shall be taken from a representative lot of the varnish under study. To avoid skin formation andescape of solvents, protect the sample by keeping it at room temperature in a nearly filled, tightly sealed container.7. Preparation of Test Specimens7.1 Selection of Subst

30、rateThe selection of the substrate is determined in part by application and in part by thermal class. Twotypes of substrates may be used: are suitable for use: copper strip or glass cloth. Copper strip is generally not used for applicationsover 180C (356F), due to oxidation.7.2 Copper BaseFor tests

31、that are to be performed upon the varnish as a film on a copper base, copper strips 38 mm (112 in.)in width, 200 mm (8 in.) in length, and 0.127 6 0.08 mm (0.005 6 0.0003 in.) in thickness shall be used, unless otherwisespecified. Measure the thickness of these strips to the nearest 0.002 mm (0.0001

32、 in.). Clean the strips with a suitable solvent (Note2), then polish thoroughly with No. 000 steel wool. Wipe the strips free of any fingerprints or metal particles with the solvent anda lint-free cloth. If the strips are not to be used immediately, they should be kept stored store in a noncorrosive

33、 varnish solvent.NOTE 2Xylene and denatured alcohol (1:1) have been found to be suitable cleaning solvents. V.M. dielectric strength; drainage; flash point; nonvolatile matter; oil resistance; solvent varnish; specific gravity;temperature index; time of drying; varnish; varnish compatibility; viscos

34、ityD115 1711SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D115 14)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Nov. 1, 2017.)(1) Revised Sections 7, 13, 23, 34, 43, 45, 49, and 54 to remove non-mandatory languageSUMMARY

35、OF CHANGESCommittee D09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D115 07(2012) that may impact the use of this standard. (November 1, 2014.)(1) Removed references to withdrawn Methods D1638.(2) Revised Section 14.(3) Added Section 15.(4) Revised Sections

36、 16 and 17.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such

37、rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for addition

38、al standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the AS

39、TM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the abo

40、veaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1712