ASTM C356-2010 Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat《预成型高温热绝缘材料在均热加热情况下的线性收缩的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM C356-2010 Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat《预成型高温热绝缘材料在均热加热情况下的线性收缩的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM C356-2010 Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking Heat《预成型高温热绝缘材料在均热加热情况下的线性收缩的标准试验方法》.pdf(3页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: C356 10Standard Test Method forLinear Shrinkage of Preformed High-Temperature ThermalInsulation Subjected to Soaking Heat1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C356; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test metho
3、d covers the determination of the amountof linear shrinkage and other changes that occur when apreformed thermal insulating material is exposed to soakingheat. This test method is limited to preformed high-temperatureinsulation that is applicable to hot-side temperatures in excessof 200F (93C), with
4、 the exception of insulating fire brickwhich is covered by Test Method C210.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This
5、standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2
6、.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC210 Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Fire-brickC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal Insulation3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 shall apply to the termsused in this test meth
7、od.4. Significance and Use4.1 Linear shrinkage, as used in this test method, refers tothe change in linear dimensions that has occurred in testspecimens after they have been subjected to soaking heat for aperiod of 24 h and then cooled to room temperature.4.2 Most insulating materials will begin to
8、shrink at somedefinite temperature. Usually the amount of shrinkage in-creases as the temperature of exposure becomes higher. Even-tually a temperature will be reached at which the shrinkagebecomes excessive. With excessive shrinkage, the insulatingmaterial has definitely exceeded its useful tempera
9、ture limit.When an insulating material is applied to a hot surface, theshrinkage will be greatest on the hot face. The differentialshrinkage which results between the hotter and the coolersurfaces often introduces strains and may cause the insulationto warp. High shrinkage may cause excessive warpag
10、e andthereby may induce cracking, both of which are undesirable.High shrinkage may also open gaps at the insulation joints toan excessive extent rendering the application less efficient andmore hazardous. In order to predict the limit of permissibleshrinkage in service, the degree of linear shrinkag
11、e to betolerated by specimens of an insulating material when sub-jected to soaking heat must be determined from experience.4.3 It is recognized that a fixed relation between linearshrinkage under soaking heat and actual shrinkage in servicecannot be established for different types of insulating mate
12、rials.Generally the amount of shrinkage increases with time ofexposure. The amount and rate of increase varies from onematerial to another. In addition, the various types of materialsmay have different amounts of maximum permissible shrink-age. Therefore, each product must define its own specific li
13、mitsof linear shrinkage under soaking heat.5. Apparatus5.1 FurnaceA gas-fired or electrically heated muffle fur-nace, having a size sufficient to accommodate at least four testspecimens and two dummy specimens, 6 by 212 by 112 in.(152.4 by 63.5 by 38.1 mm) (Note 1), spaced so as to allow aclearance
14、of at least12 in. (12.7 mm) on all surfaces of every1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 on Chemical andPhysical Properties.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Origi
15、nallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C356 03. DOI:10.1520/C0356-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Documen
16、t Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.test specimen. The temperature of the furnace shall be con-trolled throughout the volume occupied by the specimens towithin 6 1 % of the desired temper
17、ature. A furnace-temperature indicator or recorder is required.NOTE 1If the structure is not homogeneous throughout its thickness,or if thinner materials are under test, the specimen should be testedwithout altering the original thickness. For smaller ovens, unable toaccommodate the required number
18、of specimens, it will be necessary tomake several test batches in order to secure the minimum number ofspecimens required.5.2 OvenA controlled-temperature conditioning ovenwith range up to at least 250F (121C).5.3 Specimen-Measuring ApparatusAn instrument suit-able for measuring a gauge length up to
19、 6 in. (152.4 mm), andhaving an accuracy of measurement of 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) orbetter. Care must be taken, by the use of proper measuringtechniques, to ensure reproduction of any measurement towithin 0.01 in. (0.2 mm). It is particularly important to avoidcrushing the ends of the specimens during
20、measurement,especially in the case of soft materials.NOTE 2Reference points, such as pins, inserted near the ends of thespecimen, serve to improve reproducibility without specimen damage; orit is acceptable to insert metal strips may be inserted between the specimenends and the jaws of the caliper.
21、Suggested instruments are dilatometers,vernier caliper, or comparators. One suitable type of comparator isequipped with a fine adjustment. It has a long-range, continuous dialindicator. The dial is attached to a wide-face (12-in. (12.7-mm) diameterflat) button point which is held against the specime
22、n by internal springpressure. When the point is lifted12 in. (12.7 mm), the pressure is about50 g, corresponding to a bearing force of 0.6 psi (4.8 kPa), and suitable forvery soft materials. For harder materials, an additional weight of 0.25 lb(0.114 kg) may be applied, making the load of the specim
23、en, at12 in. (12.7mm) compression of the spring, about 1.9 psi (13.1 kPa). Directly beneaththe button point is another wide-face button point tapped to the base of thecomparator. The comparator is adjustable and requires a set of steelshaftings,12 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, having lengths at 1-in. (
24、25.4-mm)intervals from 1 to 6 in. (25.4 to 152.4 mm), to zero the comparatoraccurately.5.4 BalanceA balance, having an accuracy of 0.01 g, forweighing the specimen before and after heating.6. Sampling and Preparation of Test Specimens6.1 All samples that will be required to complete the testsshall b
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