ASTM C1285-2002 Standard Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear Hazardous and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics The Product Consistency Test (P.pdf
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1、Designation: C 1285 02Standard Test Methods forDetermining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, andMixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: TheProduct Consistency Test (PCT)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1285; the number immediately following the designation i
2、ndicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These product consistency test methods
3、 A and B evalu-ate the chemical durability of homogeneous glasses, phaseseparated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/ormultiphase glass ceramic waste forms hereafter collectivelyreferred to as “glass waste forms” by measuring the concen-trations of the chemical species released to a t
4、est solution.1.1.1 Test Method A is a seven-day chemical durability testperformed at 90 6 2C in a leachant of ASTM-Type I water.The test method is static and conducted in stainless steelvessels. Test Method A can specifically be used to evaluatewhether the chemical durability and elemental release c
5、harac-teristics of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed glass waste formshave been consistently controlled during production. This testmethod is applicable to radioactive and simulated glass wasteforms as defined above.1.1.2 Test Method B is a durability test that allows testing atvarious test durations, t
6、est temperatures, mesh size, mass ofsample, leachant volume, and leachant compositions. This testmethod is static and can be conducted in stainless steel or PFATFE-fluorocarbon vessels, or both. Test Method B can specifi-cally be used to evaluate the relative chemical durabilitycharacteristics of ho
7、mogeneous glasses, phase separatedglasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or multiphaseglass ceramic waste forms. This test method is applicable toradioactive (nuclear) and mixed, hazardous, and simulatedwaste forms as defined above. Test Method B cannot be usedas a consistency test for pr
8、oduction of high level radioactiveglass waste forms.1.2 These test methods must be performed in accordancewith all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of thedata.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibilit
9、y of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 92 Test Methods for Sieve Analysis and Water Content ofRefractory Materials2C 162 Terminology of Gl
10、ass and Glass Products3C 169 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Limeand Borosilicate Glass3C 225 Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers toChemical Attack3C 371 Test Method for Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Non-plastic Ceramic Powders3C 429 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Raw Materi
11、als forGlass Manufacture3C 693 Test Method for Density of Glass by BuoyancyC 1109 Test Method for Analysis of Aqueous Leachatesfrom Nuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry4C 1174 Practice for Prediction of the Long-Term Behaviorof Materials, Including Was
12、te Forms, Used in EngineeredBarrier Systems (EBS) for Geologic Disposal ofHighLevel Radioactive Waste4C 1463 Practices for Dissolving Glass Containing Radioac-tive and Mixed Waste for Chemical and RadiochemicalAnalysis4D 1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-sistivity of Water5D 1129
13、Terminology Relating to Water5D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water5D 1293 Test Methods for pH of Water5D 4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by ChemicallySuppressed Ion Chromatography5E 7 Terminology Relating to Metallography6E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in1These test me
14、thods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 onNuclear Fuel Cycle and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 onSpent Fuel and High Level Waste.Current edition approved June 10, 2002. Published August 2002. Originallypublished as C 1285 94. Last previous edition C 1285 97.2Ann
15、ual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 12.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
16、-2959, United States.ASTM Test Methods7E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics7E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method7E 1402 Terminology Relating to Sampling73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 annealto prevent or remove materia
17、ls processingstresses in glass by controlled cooling from a suitable tempera-ture (modified from Terminology C 162).3.1.2 annealinga controlled cooling process for glassdesigned to reduce thermal residual stress to an acceptablelevel, and, in some cases, modify structure (modified fromTerminology C
18、162).3.1.3 ASTM Type I waterpurified water with a maximumtotal matter content including soluble silica of 0.1 g/m3,amaximum electrical conductivity of 0.056 mho/cm at 25C, aminimum electrical resistivity of 18 MVcm at 25C (seeSpecification D 1193 and Terminology D 1129).3.1.4 chemical durability in
19、these test methods, the resis-tance of a glass waste form to the release of its constituents toan aqueous solution under the specific conditions of this test.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe response of a glass under otherconditions is outside the scope of these test methods.3.1.5 closed system testsa system t
20、hat precludes thetransport of matter either into or out of the system.3.1.6 consistently controlledto verify with a high degreeof accuracy, as an experiment, by comparison with a standardor a target, or by other experiments. (Websters New TwentiethCentury Dictionary, 1973)3.1.7 devitrified glassa ho
21、mogeneous and/or phase sepa-rated glass that has partially crystallized during cooling or dueto thermal heat treatment, or both.3.1.8 glassan inorganic product of fusion that has cooledto a rigid condition without crystallizing (see TerminologyC 162); a noncrystalline solid or an amorphous solid.83.
22、1.9 glass ceramicsolid material, partly crystalline andpartly glassy (see Terminology C 162).3.1.10 hazardous waste glassa glass comprised of glassforming additives and hazardous waste.3.1.11 homogeneous glassa glass that is a single amor-phous phase; a glass that is not separated into multipleamorp
23、hous phases.3.1.12 leachantthe solution that is being used, or isintended for use, in a durability test.3.1.13 leachatethe solution resulting from a durabilitytest.3.1.14 mixed wastewaste containing both radioactive andhazardous components regulated by the Atomic Energy Act(AEA) (1)9and the Resource
24、 Conservation and Recovery Act(RCRA), (2) respectively; the term “radioactive component”refers only to the actual radionuclides dispersed or suspendedin the waste substance (3).3.1.15 mixed waste glassa glass comprised of glass form-ing additives and both hazardous and radioactive constituents.3.1.1
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