ASTM A105 A105M-2014 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications《管道设备用碳素钢锻件的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: A105/A105M 14 Endorsed byManufacturers Standardization Societyof the Valve and Fittings IndustryUsed in USDOE-NE StandardsStandard Specification forCarbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A105/A105M; the number immediately follow

2、ing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approve

3、d for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers forged carbon steel pipingcomponents for ambient- and higher-temperature service inpressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, andsimilar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by thepu

4、rchaser or to dimensional standards such as the MSS,ASME, and API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forg-ings made to this specification are limited to a maximumweight of 10 000 lb 4540 kg. Larger forgings may be orderedto Specification A266/A266M. Tubesheets and hollow cylin-drical forgings f

5、or pressure vessel shells are not includedwithin the scope of this specification. Although this specifica-tion covers some piping components machined from rolled barand seamless tubular products (see 5.2), it does not cover rawmaterial produced in these product forms.1.2 Supplementary requirements a

6、re provided for use whenadditional testing or inspection is desired. These shall applyonly when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Specification A266/A266M covers other steel forgingsand Specifications A675/A675M and A696 cover other steelbars.1.4 This specification is expresse

7、d in both inch-pound unitsand SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall befurnished to inch-pound units. The values stated in either SIunits or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately asstandard. Within the text, t

8、he SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe s

9、ize) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A961/A961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2 ASTM Standards:3

10、A266/A266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPressure Vessel ComponentsA675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical PropertiesA696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought orCold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Com-ponents

11、A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements forSteel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts forPiping Applications2.3 MSS Standards:SP 44 Standard for Steel Pipe Line Flanges42.4 ASME Standards:B16.5 Dimensional Standards fo

12、r Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings5B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings5B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-rous Valves5B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weld, and Threaded5B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End51This specification is under the jurisdiction of

13、ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published Octob

14、er 2014. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A105/A105M13.DOI: 10.1520/A0105_A0105M-14.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-105 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.ast

15、m.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA

16、22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,

17、 PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges52.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:5Section IX2.6 API Standards:API-600 Flanged and Butt-Welding-End Steel Gate Valves6API-602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves forRefinery Use63. Terminolog

18、y3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of other terms used in thisspecification, refer to Specification A961/A961M.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 heaviest cross-section, nmaximum heat treatedthickness of the production forging.4. Ordering Information4.1 See Specification A961/A961

19、M.4.1.1 Additional requirements (see 14.2).5. General Requirements5.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the requirements of Spec

20、ificationA961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with this specifica-tion. In case of a conflict between the requirements of thisspecification and Specification A961/A961M, this specificationshall prevail.5.2 Except as permitted by Section 6 in SpecificationA961/A961M, the finished product shall be a

21、forging asdefined in the Terminology Section of Specification A788/A788M.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Heat treatment is not a mandatory requirement of thisspecification except for the following piping components:6.1.1 Flanges above Class 300,76.1.2 Flanges of special design where the design pressure atthe d

22、esign temperature exceeds the pressure-temperature rat-ings of Class 300, Group 1.1,6.1.3 Flanges of special design where the design pressure ordesign temperature are not known,6.1.4 Piping components other than flanges which meetboth of the following criteria: (1) over NPS 4 and (2) aboveClass 300,

23、 and6.1.5 Piping components of Special Class8other thanflanges which meet both of the following criteria: (1) over NPS4 and (2) when the working pressure at the operating tempera-ture exceeds the tabulated values for Special Class 300, Group1.1.6.2 Heat treatment, when required by 6.1 shall be annea

24、ling,normalizing, or normalizing and tempering or quenching andtempering in accordance with Specification A961/A961M.6.2.1 Quenching shall consist of either (1) fully austenitiz-ing the forgings followed by quenching in a suitable liquidmedium or (2) using a multiple stage procedure whereby theforgi

25、ngs are first fully austenitized and rapidly cooled, thenreheated to partially reaustenitize, followed by quenching in asuitable liquid medium. All quenched forgings shall be tem-pered as prescribed in Specification A961/A961M.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requir

26、ementsspecified in Table 1.7.2 Steels to which lead has been added shall not be used.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3.8.2 For normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenchedand tempered forgings, the cent

27、ral axis of the test specimenshall be taken at least14 T from the nearest surface as-heat-treated, where T is the maximum heat-treated thickness of therepresented forging. In addition, for quenched and temperedforgings, the midlength of the test specimen shall be at least Tfrom all other surfaces as

28、-heat-treated, exclusive of the Tdimension surfaces. When section thickness does not permitthis positioning, the test specimen shall be positioned as near aspossible to the prescribed location.8.3 Tension Tests:8.3.1 One tension test shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components.8.3.2 One tensi

29、on test shall be made from each heat-treatingcharge. If more than one heat is included in such a charge, eachheat shall be tested.8.3.2.1 When forgings of different shapes are included in thesame heat-treating charge, the test specimen shall be obtainedfrom the heaviest cross-section of the thickest

30、 forging, exceptfor hubbed flanges (see 8.3.3). The test specimen shall repre-sent all forgings from the same heat and heat-treating chargewhose maximum thicknesses do not exceed the thickness of thetest forging.6Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005

31、-4070, http:/www.api.org.7For definition of Class 300, see ASME B16.5.8For definition of special class, see ASME B16.34.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTE 1For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbonmaximum (0.35 %), an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specifiedmaximum (1.05 %) will

32、 be permitted up to a maximum of 1.65 %.Element Composition, %Carbon 0.35 maxManganese 0.601.05Phosphorus 0.035 maxSulfur 0.040 maxSilicon 0.100.35Copper 0.40 maxANickel 0.40 maxAChromium 0.30 maxA,BMolybdenum 0.12 maxA,BVanadium 0.08 maxAThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium

33、shall notexceed 1.00 %.BThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 %.A105/A105M 1428.3.2.2 When the heat-treating temperatures are the sameand the furnaces (either batch or continuous type), are con-trolled within 625 F 614 C and equipped with recordingpyrometers so that complete recor

34、ds of heat treatment areavailable, then one tension test from each heat is requiredinstead of one test from each heat in each heat-treatmentcharge. The test specimen material shall be included with afurnace charge.8.3.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in Specifica-tion A961/A961M. The larges

35、t feasible round specimen shallbe used except when hollow cylindrically shaped parts aremachined from seamless tubulars. When hollow cylindricallyshaped parts are machined from seamless tubular materials,strip tests may be used. The tension test specimen shall beobtained from a production forging, o

36、r from an integralprolongation representative of the hub location of a flange, orthe heaviest cross section of a fitting, valve, or other part withinthe scope of this specification.8.3.4 Forgings too small to permit obtaining a subsizespecimen of 0.250 in. 6.35 mm diameter or larger parallel tothe d

37、imension of maximum working, and produced in equip-ment unsuitable for the production of a separately forged testbar such as an automatic or semi-automatic press, may beaccepted on the basis of hardness only. One percent of theforgings per lot, where a lot is the product from a heat, or, ifheat trea

38、ted, the product of a heat per furnace charge, or tenforgings, whichever is the lesser number, shall be selected atrandom, prepared, and tested using the standard Brinell test.The locations of the indentations shall be at the option of themanufacturer but shall be selected to be representative of th

39、eforging as a whole. One indentation per forging shall berequired but additional indentations may be made to establishthe representative hardness. The hardness of all forgings sotested shall be 137 to 187 HBW inclusive.8.4 Hardness Tests:8.4.1 Two hardness tests shall be made for each heat ofas-forg

40、ed components. When more than one forging is pro-duced from each heat, a minimum of two forgings shall betested with one reading from each forging. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be tested in two locations.8.4.2 Except when only one forging is produced, a mini-mum of two forgings shall b

41、e hardness tested per batch orcontinuous run as defined in 8.3.2.2 to ensure that forgings arewithin the hardness limits given in Table 2. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be hardness tested in two locationsto ensure it is within the hardness limits given in Table 2.8.4.3 Testing shall be

42、as specified in Specification A961/A961M. The purchaser may verify that the requirement hasbeen met by testing at any location on the forging, providedsuch testing does not render the forging useless.9. Hydrostatic Tests9.1 Such tests shall be conducted by the forging manufac-turer only when Supplem

43、entary Requirement S57 in Specifi-cation A961/A961M is specified.10. Retreatment10.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform tothe requirement specified, the manufacturer may heat treat orreheat treat the forgings as applicable and repeat the testspecified in Section 8.11. Surface Fini

44、sh, Appearance, and CorrosionProtection11.1 The requirements of Specification A961/A961M applyto forgings and finished parts.12. Repair by Welding12.1 Repair of defects by the manufacturer is permissiblefor forgings made to dimensional standards such as those ofASME or for other parts made for stock

45、 by the manufacturer.Prior approval of the purchaser is required to repair-weldspecial forgings made to the purchasers requirements.12.2 Weld repairs shall be made by a process that does notproduce undesirably high levels of hydrogen in the weldedareas.TABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsATensile strengt

46、h, min, ksi MPa 70 485Yield strength, min, ksi MPaB36 250Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation for walls516 in. 7.9 mmand over in thickness, strip tests.30When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gauge length orsmaller proportionally sized specimen with the gaugelength equal to 4D

47、is used22For strip tests, a deduction for each132 -in. 0.8-mmdecrease in wall thickness below516 in. 7.9 mmfrom the basic minimum elongationof the percentage points of Table 31.50CReduction of area, min, %D30Hardness, HBW, max 187AFor small forgings, see 8.3.4.BDetermined by either the 0.2 % offset

48、method or the 0.5 % extension-under-loadmethod.CSee Table 3 for computed minimum values.DFor round specimens only.TABLE 3 Computed Minimum ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min, %in. mm516 (0.312) 7.9 30.00932 (0.281) 7.1 28.5014 (0.250) 6.4 27.00732 (0.219) 5.6 25.50316 (0.188) 4.8 2

49、4.00532 (0.156) 4.0 22.5018 (0.125) 3.2 21.00332 (0.094) 2.4 19.50116 (0.062) 1.6 18.00NoteThe above table gives the computed minimum elongation values foreach132-in. 0.8-mm decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness liesbetween two values shown above, the minimum elongation value is determined bythe following equation:E 5 48T115.00where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %, andT = actual thickness of specimen, in. mm.A105/A105M 14312.3 All forgings repaired by welding shall be post-weldheat treated between 1100 F