ANSI ILTVA Z135-2012 Standard for Personal Transport Vehicles - Safety and Performance Specifications《客运车辆标准.安全和性能规范》.pdf

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1、American National Standardfor Personal Transport Vehicles Safety and Performance SpecificationsANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH

2、S-,-,-Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012Revision and redesignation ofANSI/NGCMA Z135-2004American National Standardfor Personal Transport Vehic

3、les Safety and Performance SpecificationsSecretariatInternational Light Transportation Vehicle Association, Inc. d/b/aNational Golf Car Manufacturers Association (“NGCMA”)Approved March 27, 2012American National Standards Institute, Inc.Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS

4、 under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Conse

5、nsus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objec

6、tions be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingpro

7、ducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of

8、 an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any

9、 time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards In

10、stitute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2012 by International Light Transportation Vehicle Association, Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic

11、 retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaCopyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-iContents

12、PageForeword .iiGeneral introduction. ivPart I Introduction1 Scope and purpose . 12 Normative references 13 Definitions 24 Interpretation . 5 Part II Maintenance and Operations5 General safety practices 66 Maintenance 77 Fuels handling and storage/battery charging 88 Operating safety rules and pract

13、ices (Operator and passenger qualifications) . 8 Part III Manufacturers Requirements9 General requirements . 910 Electric-powered PTVs 2011 Internal combustion powered vehicles 21Annex A Bibliography . 25Tables1 PTV headlamp photometric specification - Upper beam . 112 PTV headlamp photometric speci

14、fication - Lower beam . 11 Figures1 First and second restraint reference points 132 Positioning of occupant test weights 153 Longitudinal Test Position . 164 Vehicle placement on lateral tilting platform (four wheel) 17Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license wit

15、h ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-.)Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Foreword (This foreword is not part of American Nat

16、ional Standard ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012This standard was developed to establish safety specifications for the design and op-eration of electric- and internal-combustion-engine-powered personal transport vehi-cles (“PTVs“), with respect to speed, acceleration, stability, braking systems,operational contr

17、ols, electrical systems, lighting, fuel systems, and general configura-tions. A specified safety warning label lists the major safety and precautionary oper-ating measures to be observed. Safety codes and standards are intended to enhancepublic health and safety.The standard was prepared by the Engi

18、neering Specifications Committee of the In-ternational Light Transportation Vehicle Association sponsor of ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012. This standard applies to PTVs manufactured subsequent to its publication.Requests for changes to, or information concerning, this standard shall be consid-ered by the Spon

19、sor. They should be sent to the International Light TransportationVehicle Association, c/o Fred L. Somers, Jr., Suite 1200, Two Ravinia Drive, Atlanta,Georgia 30346-2130.Consensus for this standard was developed by use of the Canvass Method. The fol-lowing persons, recognized as having an interest i

20、n the standardization of PTVs,were contacted prior to the approval of this standard. Inclusion in this list does notnecessarily imply that all organizations or representatives concurred with the submit-tal of the proposed standard to ANSI.William J. Bagaria, Ph.D(Independent Professional Engineer)Go

21、rdon Beckley(Trojan Battery)Gerald C. DeMaria, Esq.(Higgins, Cavanagh however, they should not contain proprietary names or information. 4.3 Metric Conversions The values stated in SI metric units are to be regarded as the standard. U.S. customary unit values are shown (XXIX) in parenthesis. Convers

22、ion of Metric units to U.S. customary unit values is calculated pursuant to Appendix B, “NIST Special Publication 811: Guide for the use of the International System of Units (SI)” National Institute of Standards and Technology. Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under li

23、cense with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 6 PART II: MAINTENANCE AND OPERATIONS It is recommended that Part II be reprinted in the manufacturers operation and service manuals to encourage safe operations and practices at t

24、he regulatory authoritys facility or within the regulatory authoritys jurisdiction. 5 General safety practices 5.1 Introduction Like other vehicles, improper use or maintenance of PTVs may result in personal injury or death. This Part II contains broad safety practices recommended for safe PTV opera

25、tions. Before operation, the controlling party should establish such additional specific safety practices as may be reasonably required for safe operations, for the intended use of the vehicle and applicable environment. Experience has shown that PTVs that comply with the provisions stated in Part I

26、II of this standard are safe when properly operated in accordance with the safety and operation warnings affixed to every PTV. The safe operation is enhanced when the PTVs are operated within a specific set of operation instructions, safety rules and practices established to meet actual operating te

27、rrain and conditions. 5.2 Grades Excessive speed while descending grades adversely affects the stability of the PTV and its ability to stop. Hazardous grades shall be identified with a suitable warning at a point preceding the initiation of the slope for example, “Warning, steep hill, slow down now”

28、. All slopes should generally be considered potentially hazardous especially when a turn occurs on the down slope or the slope exceeds 10% (6 deg) on an unpaved surface or 20% (11 deg) on a paved surface. Avoid parking on steep hills. 5.3 Slippery terrain Extreme caution should be used when driving

29、on slippery terrain. Wet grassy areas or ice, e.g., may cause a PTV to lose traction and may adversely affect operator control. 5.4 Turns All turns shall be negotiated at a reduced speed. Approach turns with caution particularly on grades. Negotiating a turn can affect the stability and control of a

30、 PTV, causing loads and passengers to shift. Avoid curves not properly banked to avoid negative super elevation. 5.5 Loose terrain Extreme caution shall be used when driving in areas of loose terrain. Loose terrain, e.g., sand or gravel, can cause a PTV to lose traction and may affect steering, brak

31、ing and stability. Areas of loose terrain shall be repaired if possible, or closed off to prevent PTV operation or identified by a suitable warning to operators not to operate PTVs in those areas 5.6 Mixed use areas Areas where PTVs could or do interact with pedestrians, bicycles, or motor vehicles,

32、 should be avoided, if possible. If avoidance of the interaction is not possible or is highly impractical, warning signs shall be erected. 5.7 Golf course operation If operating a PTV on a golf course, it shall comply with ANSI/ILTVA Z130.1. 5.8 Modifications Modifications made to PTVs that are not

33、approved by the original equipment manufacturer may adversely affect the safe operation and performance of the vehicle. If a PTV has been modified by a Copyright American National Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou

34、t license from IHS-,-,-ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 7 party other than the original equipment manufacturer, the controlling party shall (i) arrange for the modification to be designed, tested and implemented by an engineer expert in PTVs and their safety; (ii) maintain a permanent record of the design test(

35、s) and implementation of the modification; (iii) make appropriate changes to the capacity, plate(s), decals, and operation and maintenance manuals; and (iv) affix a permanent and readily visible label on the PTV car stating the PTV has been modified with the date of the modification and the name of

36、the organization that accomplished the modification. The controlling party shall not perform, or allow to be performed, any modification or addition to the vehicle that affects capacity or safe operation, or make any change not in accordance with the original equipment manufacturers operations and s

37、ervice manuals, without the original equipment manufacturers prior written authorization. Whether or not modifications have been authorized by the original equipment manufacturer, if modifications are made, the controlling party making the modifications becomes the original equipment manufacturer of

38、 the modified vehicle and has the responsibility to ensure that capacity, operation, warning, maintenance instruction plates, tags, and/or decals are changed accordingly. 6 Maintenance 6.1 Introduction PTVs may become hazardous if maintenance is neglected or improperly performed. Proper maintenance

39、shall be performed by trained personnel in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. 6.2 Preventive maintenance A regularly scheduled inspection and preventive maintenance program in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations should be established. Such a program will be a valuable t

40、ool in providing the PTV operator with a safe, properly operating PTV. 6.2.1 Personnel Only qualified, trained and authorized personnel shall be permitted to inspect, adjust and maintain PTVs. 6.2.2 Parts and materials Manufacturers recommended replacement parts and materials should be used. 6.2.3 M

41、aintenance and repair safety procedures All repair and maintenance shall be performed in accordance with the manufacturers recommended maintenance and safety procedures as outlined in the manufacturers operation and service manuals. For example: a) Each vehicle should be removed from service if repa

42、ir or maintenance is needed; b) Follow manufacturers instructions for immobilizing PTV before beginning any maintenance; c) Block chassis before working underneath PTV; d) Before disconnecting any part of the fuel system, drain the system and turn all valves, to the “off“ position, to prevent leakag

43、e or accumulation of flammable fuels; e) Avoid fire hazards and have fire protection equipment available; f) Before performing any maintenance on an electric PTV, disconnect the electrical system in accordance with the manufacturers instructions; g) Use only properly insulated tools when performing

44、maintenance; h) Periodically inspect and maintain brakes, steering mechanisms, warning devices, governors, safety decals and all other safety devices and maintain them in a safe operating condition. Do not modify these devices unless instructed to do so by the manufacturer; Copyright American Nation

45、al Standards Institute Provided by IHS under license with ANSI Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI/ILTVA Z135-2012 8 i) After each maintenance or repair, have the PTV driven by qualified and trained personnel to ensure proper operation and adjustme

46、nt; perform validation checks in an area that is free of vehicular and pedestrian traffic; j) Record all work performed in a maintenance record log by date, name of person performing maintenance and type of maintenance. The controlling party should periodically inspect maintenance log to ensure accu

47、racy and completeness of entries. 6.2.4 The controlling party shall maintain all Danger, Warning and Caution labels, (collectively and individually “safety labels”); nameplates; serial numbers; and instructions that are supplied by the manufacturer in a legible condition. 6.2.5 As required in 6.2.4,

48、 the manufacturer shall be contacted to secure new nameplates, warnings, or safety labels, as necessary, which shall be affixed in their proper place on the PTV as designated in the owners manual. 7 Fuels handling and storage/battery charging 7.1 Ventilation Maintenance and storage areas shall be pr

49、operly ventilated to avoid fire hazards in accordance with applicable fire codes and ordinances. Ventilation for internal combustion engine PTVs shall be provided to remove flammable vapors, fumes and other flammable materials. Consult applicable fire codes for specific levels of ventilation. Ventilation for electric-