ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers A10.49-2015 Control of Chemical Health Hazards in Construction and Demolition Operations American National Standard for Construction and D.pdf

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1、AmericAn nAtionAl StAndArdANSI/ASSE A10.49 2015Control of Chemical Health Hazards in Construction and Demolition OperationsAmerican National Standard for Construction and Demolition OperationsAmericAn Society of SAfety engineerS4Casselogo-1200dpi_vector-1c-outline.pdf 1 1/20/2012 1:31:55 PMANSI/ASSE

2、 A10.49 2015ANSI/ASSE A10.49 2015The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept n

3、o legal responsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or prese

4、rve property. ANSI ANSI/ASSE A10.49 2015 American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Control of Chemical Health Hazards in Construction and Demolition Operations Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 Approved April

5、15, 2015 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of t

6、he ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted e

7、ffort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not

8、 conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard i

9、n the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the

10、 American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published May 2

11、015 by American Society of Safety Engineers 520 North Northwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2015 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or o

12、therwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.49-2015.) This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the

13、Accredited Standards Committee on Safety in Construction and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existi

14、ng and proposed standards in the A10 series for Safety Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Project hazardous waste health hazards; Chemical physical hazards (unstable, reactive, flammable, explosive as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration

15、 (OSHA) in 29 CFR 1910.1200(c); biological hazards; ergonomic hazards; physical hazards (radiation, magnetic fields, noise, pressure AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-2015 12 or temperature extremes); indoor air quality; psychological hazards (stress, workplace violence); safety hazards; or those ad

16、dressed by specific ANSI/ASSE A10 American National Standards. 2. REFERENCED STANDARDS The ANSI/ASSE A10 standards series (as seen in the preface) contain information important to workplace safety and health, including, among others: ANSI/ASSE: A10.1, A10.6, A10.7, A10.9, A10.10, A10.16, A10.17, A10

17、.20, A10.23, A10.24, A10.25, A10.26, A10.33, A10.34, A10.38, A10.43, A10.47 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200, Hazard Communication 3. DEFINITIONS E3 Definitions used only in the appendices are provided in Appendix 1. 3.1 Chemical. Any element, chemical compound or mixture of elements and/or compounds as consis

18、tent with the OSHA definition and guidance for defining a chemical under the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. E3.1 The OSHA definition and guidance can be found at www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/ghd053107.html#process) 3.2 Chemical Hazard Competent Person. (Also referred to as a “Competent Person” in th

19、e rest of this standard for sake of brevity). One who: 1. Is capable of: a. Identifying known and expect-ed chemical and toxic sub-stance hazards common to construction and demolition operations; E3.2 The most common candidate for the chemical hazard competent person is the contractor foreman/superv

20、isor. This individual is on the site each day and can check on conditions and controls. Other arrangements can be used as long as the designated chemical hazard competent person visits the jobsite on a regular schedule to check on conditions and controls. This might be daily or it might be less ofte

21、n, depending on circumstances related to tasks, hazards and controls. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-2015 13 b. Making hazard and exposure determinations; c. Developing and implementing job health hazard analysis (JHHA) plans to prevent or acceptably reduce worker exposures; 2. Has employer autho

22、rization to implement control measures and work practices, and to stop work if necessary. 3. Is knowledgeable (through train-ing or experience) about basic adverse health effects and symptoms from toxic substances and understands the require-ments of the OSHA Hazard Communication standard. 4. Has de

23、monstrated competency (through training or experience) in understanding this standard, the principles for making hazard and exposure determinations, and development and imple-mentation of JHHA plans and controls. Appendix 3.1 lists the minimum compe-tencies needed by a chemical hazard competent pers

24、on. It can be used for development of training courses and for evaluation of experience. 3.3 Chemical Use. Tasks that involve use of chemical products. 3.4 Confined Space. A space that: 1. Is large enough, and so con-figured, that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; 2. Has limite

25、d or restricted means for entry or exit (for example tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults and pits are spaces that may have E3.4 Chemical use in confined spaces often requires significant attention to hazard identification and proper precautions. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-201

26、5 14 limited means of entry); and 3. Is not designed for continuous human occupancy. 3.5 Construction Employer. A firm, corporation or other entity responsible for part or all of the construction work. 3.6 Construction Owner. The entity or entities who contract with a project constructor to perform

27、construction or demolition work. 3.7 Contractor. A subcontractor (sub-tier contractor), specialty contractor or other entity as designated in the project documents, responsible for part of the construction process on a construction project. 3.8 Control. A device used to elim-inate, reduce or capture

28、 contaminants at the source. 3.9 Disturbance. Tasks that disturb onsite materials via strong forces (e.g. grinding, drilling, etc.) that may create airborne contaminants. 3.10 Exposure. A transfer pathway (via inhalation, ingestion or contact with skin or eye) between a health hazard source and an e

29、mployee. E3.10 Variation in the probability (likeli-hood of exposure) and severity (extent of exposure in duration and amount) of expo-sure is influenced by a combination of these factors: 1. Inherent substance properties such as volatility, physical state (e.g. solid, liquid or gas) or dustiness. 2

30、. Presence or lack of warning properties such as odor. 3. Task and operating conditions such as amounts used, appli-cation of force or heat, enclosed spaces, task duration, presence of bystanders. 4. Effective use of control meas-AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-2015 15 ures such as local exhaust v

31、entilation, wet methods, work practices or regulated areas to reduce and control exposure pathways. 5. Proper use of personal pro-tective equipment (PPE) such as respirators, gloves, clothing, boots, safety glasses or face shields. This standard follows standard health exposure practices by not cons

32、idering controls or PPE used to prevent exposure to chemical health hazards when first looking at exposure potential. Controls or PPE shall be considered part of the plans and actions in response to exposure potential. 3.11 Exposure Assessment. The process of measuring or estimating the magnitude, f

33、requency and duration of human exposure to one or more agents in the work environment. It is performed by or under the direction of a qualified person, usually an industrial hygienist, using air, bulk or surface sampling equipment. It includes collection of information about task and environmental c

34、onditions affecting exposure to provide context for the results. Findings are typically compared to an existing occupational exposure limit (OEL) to determine if they are acceptable or not based on the exposure conditions. E3.11 Exposure assessment has many uses. For example, it can be used: prior t

35、o or at the beginning of a job to better understand the exposures that need to be controlled. for quality assurance to provide feedback to chemical hazard competent persons on the appropriateness of their expo-sure classification estimates. when exposure factors are unclear or to check that controls

36、 and precautions are working effectively or to understand why similar operations have different exposures. to establish a regulated area or to investigate cases where workers are reporting health symptoms. to study exposures from new types of materials and technol-ogies or to pilot new types of cont

37、rols and work practices or to document that exposures were acceptable. 3.12 Health Hazard. Inherent toxic E3.12 The severity of a health hazard is AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-2015 16 properties of a chemical, agent, substance or material that can pose harm to the body. Health hazards include t

38、he following: acute toxicity (any route of exposure); skin corro-sion or irritation; serious eye damage or eye irritation; respiratory or skin sensitization; germ cell mutagenicity; carcinogenicity; reproductive toxicity; specific target organ toxicity (single or repeated exposure) or aspiration haz

39、ard. See similar OSHA definition in 29 CFR 1910.1200(c). influenced by: 1. Potency (higher potency means that smaller amounts can cause effects). 2. Ability to cause multiple health effects (some substances can affect multiple target organs e.g. skin, lungs, liver). 3. The criteria for determining w

40、hether a chemical is classified as a health hazard are detailed in Appendix A of OSHA 1910.1200, Health Hazard Criteria. https:/www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/hazcom-appendix-a.html 3.13 High. Depicts the most potentially harmful level in each of three hazard category levels and three exposure category lev

41、els. Each level determines what steps are necessary for worker protection. (See Appendix 5.1.5 for more specific information). 3.14 Hot Work. Tasks such as cutting, welding, brazing, combustion where the application of heat is sufficient to create air contaminants and combustion or decom-position pr

42、oducts such as fumes, particulates and gases. 3.15 Industrial Hygiene / Industrial Hygienist / Occupational Hygiene. Indus-trial hygiene is the science and art devoted to the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, prevention and control of those environ-mental factors or stresses arising in or from

43、the workplace which may cause sickness, impaired health and well-being or significant discomfort among workers or among citizens of the community (Source: American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). Professional occupational/industrial hygiene-ists possess at least a baccalaureate degree in indu

44、strial/occupational hygiene, engineer-ing, chemistry or physics or a closely related biological or physical science from an E3.15 As one example, a Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) is an individual who has met the minimum requirements for education and experience, and through examination, has de

45、monstrated a minimum level of knowledge and skills in the practice of industrial hygiene. (Source: American Board of Industrial Hygiene.) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.49-2015 17 accredited college or university or equivalent training, and also have a minimum of three years of industrial hygiene ex

46、perience. Individuals having this background can be considered qualified persons for the purposes of this standard. 3.16 Job Health Hazard Analysis Plan (JHHA Plan). This is a job hazard analysis plan that has been enhanced to ensure that it addresses chemical hazards covered by this standard. The p

47、lan includes information to: 1. Describe the tasks that use or generate toxic materials; 2. Describe the hazards of the materials; 3. Describe the potential expo-sures; and 4. Describe the controls and pro-cedures that will be used to reduce the hazards and expo-sures to protect the affected constru

48、ction workers. E3.16 The practice of performing a job hazard analysis (JHA) is well known in construction. Pre-project and pre-ask safety and health planning is described in ANSI/ASSE A10.1. However, JHAs tradi-tionally focus on safety hazards and may not always address health hazards. A key focus o

49、f this standard is to help employers and safety professionals to enhance current JHA plans so that they sufficiently cover health hazards. The JHHA name helps communi-cate and reinforce this need. 3.17 Low. Depicts the least potentially harmful level in each of three hazard categories and three exposure categories. Each level determines what steps are necessary for worker protection (see Appendix 5.1.5 for more specific information). 3.18 Medium. Depicts the mid-level of potential harm in each of three hazard cate-gories and three exposure c