【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷208及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-试卷 208及答案解析(总分:142.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:2,分数:80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_The cellphone, a device we have lived with for more than a decade, offers a good examp
2、le of a popular technology“s unforeseen side effects. More than one billion are (1)_ use around the world, and when asked, their (2)_ say they love their phones for the safety and convenience (3)_ provide. People also report that they are (4)_ in their use of their phones. One opinion survey (5)_ th
3、at “98 percent of Americans say they move away from (6)_ when talking on a wireless phone in public“ (7)_ “86 percent say they “never“ or “rarely“ speak (8)_ wireless phones“ when conducting (9)_ with clerks or bank tellers. Clearly, there exists a (10)_ between our reported cellphone behavior and o
4、ur actual behavior. Cellphone users that is to say, most of us are (11)_ instigators and victims of this form of conversational panhandling, and it (12)_ a cumulatively negative effect on social space. As the sociologist Erving Guttmann observed in another (13)_, there is something deeply disturbing
5、 about people who are“ (14)_ contact“ in social situations because they are blatantly refusing to (15)_ to the norms of their immediate environment. Placing a cellphone call in public instantly transforms the strangers around you (16)_ unwilling listeners who must cede to your use of the public (17)
6、_. a decidedly undemocratic effect for so democratic a technology. Listeners don“t always passively (18)_ this situation: in recent years, people have been pepper-sprayed in movie theaters, (19)_ from concert halls and deliberately rammed with cars as a result of (20)_ behavior on their cellphones.(
7、分数:40.00)A.ofB.forC.inD.byA.mastersB.ownersC.holdersD.inventorsA.theyB.whoC.thatD.whichA.carefulB.carelessC.courteousD.cautiousA.expressedB.exposedC.discoveredD.foundA.otherB.othersC.the otherD.anotherA.and thatB.as forC.whereasD.on the contraryA.onB.byC.viaD.fromA.actsB.actionsC.operationsD.transac
8、tionsA.limitB.gulfC.riverD.boundaryA.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.allA.hasB.hadC.has hadD.had hadA.placeB.locationC.spotD.contextA.inB.out ofC.onD.withA.insistB.adhereC.continueD.attachA.andB.inC.intoD.fromA.spaceB.phoneC.serviceD.facilityA.haveB.findC.receiveD.acceptA.refusedB.ejectedC.rejectedD.repelled
9、A.goodB.poorC.politeD.rude二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:10,分数:58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._Someone has calculated that by the time an American reaches the age of 40, he or she h
10、as been exposed to one million ads. Another estimate is that we have encountered more than 600,000 ads by the time we reach the age of only 18. Now, of course, we don“t remember what exactly they said or even what the product was, but a composite message gets through: that you deserve the best, that
11、 you should have it now, and that it“s okay to indulge yourself, because you deserve the compliments, sex appeal, or adventure you are going to get as a result of buying this car or those cigarettes. Our consumer-based economy makes two absolutely reciprocal psychological demands on its members. On
12、the one hand, you need the “discipline“ values to ensure that people will be good workers and lead orderly, law-abiding lives. On the other hand, you need the “enjoy yourself“ messages to get people to be good consumers. One author was disturbed about the “enjoy yourself“ side, but acknowledged that
13、 “without a means of stimulating mass consumption, the very structure of our business enterprise would collapse.“ The interesting question has to do with the psychological consequences of the discrepancy between the dual messages. The “discipline“ or “traditional values“ theme demands that one compa
14、rtment of the personality have a will strong enough to keep the individual doing unpleasant work at low wages, or to stay in an unhappy marriage, and, in general, to do things for the good of the commonwealth. The “enjoy yourself“ message, on the other hand, tends to encourage a very different kind
15、of personality-one that is self-centered, based on impulse, and is unwilling to delay rewards. As an illustration, I can“t resist reciting one of my favorite ads of all time, an ad from a psychology magazine: “I love me. I“m just a good friend to myself. And I like to do what makes me feel good. I u
16、sed to sit around, putting things off till tomorrow. Tomorrow I“ll drink champagne, and buy a set of pearls, and pick up that new stereo. But now I live my dreams today, not tomorrow.“ So what happens to us as we take in these opposing messages, as we are, in fact, torn between the opposite personal
17、ity types that our society seems to require of us? Tile result is anxiety, fear, and a mysterious dread. The fear of being sucked in and dragged down by our consumer culture is real: the credit card company is not friendly when you default on your bills. And we all know that the path of pleasure-see
18、king and blind acquisition is a recipe for financial ruin-for most of us, anyway-and that, in American society, there isn“t much of a safety net to catch you if you fall.(分数:10.00)(1).From the first paragraph we know that ads in America are very_.(分数:2.00)A.pervasiveB.successfulC.convincingD.impress
19、ive(2).According to the passage, the “discipline“ values and the “enjoy yourself“ are_.(分数:2.00)A.contradictory needs from the consumersB.mutually corresponding psychological demands on the consumersC.for good workers who lead orderly, law-abiding livesD.messages to get people to be good consumers(3
20、).According to the “discipline“ or “traditional values“ theme_.(分数:2.00)A.there are dual messages for the psychological consequencesB.one should sacrifice himself for the interest of the commonwealthC.people would stay in an unhappy marriageD.the individual is glad to do unpleasant work at low wages
21、(4).Which of the following is NOT true with the “enjoy yourself“ message?(分数:2.00)A.It is a different kind of personality from others.B.It is one that is self-centered.C.I like to do what makes me feel good.D.I live my dreams today, not tomorrow.(5).From the last paragraph we may infer that_.(分数:2.0
22、0)A.there is a fear of being sucked in and dragged down by our consumer cultureB.pleasure-seeking and blind acquisition is popular in our societyC.one should not default on one“s billsD.American society is not as secure as people assumeThe 1920s was the decade of advertising. The advertising men wen
23、t wild: everything from salt to household coal was being nationally advertised. Of course, ads had been around for a long time. But something new was happening, in terms of both scale and strategy. For the first time, business began to use advertising as a psychological weapon against consumers. Wit
24、hout their product, the consumer would be left unmarried, fall victim to a terrible disease, or be passed over for a promotion. N/Is developed an association between the product and one“s very identity. Eventually they came to promise everything and anything-from self-esteem to status, friendship, a
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- 考研 试卷 英语 208 答案 解析 DOC
