【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编21及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 21 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Knowing something as a whole is far from knowing all its_.（分数：2.00）A.instancesB.charactersC.detailsD.items2.Can you_an escape of gas in this corner of the room?（分数：2.00）A.senseB.detectC.discoverD.determine3.Young

2、people are particularly interested in films describing_stories in which policemen are trying to identify wrongdoers.（分数：2.00）A.detectiveB.instructiveC.legendaryD.historical4.My grandmother has been ill for two months, so her health has_.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.deterioratedB.diminishedC.dwindled

3、D.lessened5.The number of mistakes _ the mark you receive in an examination.（分数：2.00）A.makesB.confirmsC.determinesD.defines6.Smuggling is a_activity which might bring destruction to our economy, therefore, it must be banned.(2004 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pertinentB.fruitfulC.detrimentalD.casual7.The oi

4、l spill had a_effect on sea birds and other wildlife.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.reluctantB.mischievousC.devastatingD.malignant8.The Coriolis force causes all moving projectiles on Earth to be _ from a straight line.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.distractedB.deviatedC.intriguedD.permeated9.Each work

5、day, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely_from this routine.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.deviatedB.disconnectedC.detachedD.distorted10.The boys are trying to _ some scheme of earning money.（分数：2.00）A.makeB.developC.produceD.devise11.Livestock breeders are _ much thought and ingenuity

6、 to the improvement of this strain.（分数：2.00）A.devotingB.utilizingC.referringD.granting12.Dirty Jobs on the Discovery Channel an unlikely television program, has become a surprising success with a_ fan base.(中国科学院 2011 年 3 月试题)（分数：2.00）A.contributedB.devotedC.reveredD.scared13.The director_ the lette

7、r to his secretary, who wrote it down in shorthand.（分数：2.00）A.dictatedB.grantedC.authorizedD.drafted14.She had stomach trouble and had to follow a strict_prescribed by the doctor.（分数：2.00）A.routineB.prescriptionC.dietD.procedure15.She was the most_customer the salesman had to deal with that day.（分数：

8、2.00）A.differentB.difficultC.particularD.peculiar16.Do not give the baby meat to eat, because he cannot_ it.（分数：2.00）A.absorbB.swallowC.digestD.draw17.The _ of the occasion was spoiJed when she fell down the steps.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.privacyB.dignityC.moralityD.secrecy18.Parents often faced th

9、e _ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness. (2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.junctionB.paradoxC.premiseD.dilemma19.What is becoming increasingly obvious is that the Internet is_ demand for off-the

10、-shelf media.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.dilutingB.collaboratingC.expellingD.inflecting20.In the_ light I could see the outlines of the beacon towers.（分数：2.00）A.vagueB.dimC.indistinctD.ambiguous21.The_ of this difficulty have only recently been recognized.（分数：2.00）A.extentsB.magnitudesC.dimensionsD.s

11、everities22.His constant attempts to _ his colleagues achievement eventually caused his dismissal.(2009 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.withdrawB.diminishC.restrainD.confine23.My supply of confidence slowly _ as the deadline approached.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.withdrewB.eliminatedC.exterminatedD.dimin

12、ished24.I havenl read that book properly. Ive only_ into it.（分数：2.00）A.glancedB.peepedC.lookedD.dipped25.Since the energy crisis, these big cars have become a real liability .Thev cost too much to run.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.lack of reliabilityB.substituteC.costly means of transportD.disadvan

13、tage考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 21 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Knowing something as a whole is far from knowing all its_.（分数：2.00）A.instancesB.charactersC.details D.items解析：解析：detail n.细节，详情；枝节，琐事。in detail 详细地。instance n.例子，实例。事例(for instance 例如，比如)。character n性格，品质；特性，特征

14、。item n(新闻的)一条，一则：条款，项目。2.Can you_an escape of gas in this corner of the room?（分数：2.00）A.senseB.detect C.discoverD.determine解析：解析：detect vt察觉，发现。3.Young people are particularly interested in films describing_stories in which policemen are trying to identify wrongdoers.（分数：2.00）A.detective B.instruct

15、iveC.legendaryD.historical解析：4.My grandmother has been ill for two months, so her health has_.(2004 年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.deteriorated B.diminishedC.dwindledD.lessened解析：解析：本题是说我的祖母病了两个月了，因此她的健康状况恶化了。A 项的“deteriorate 恶化”符合题意。其他三项“diminish 减少，使变小：dwindle 缩小；lessen 减少，减轻”都不正确。5.The number of mistakes

16、 _ the mark you receive in an examination.（分数：2.00）A.makesB.confirmsC.determines D.defines解析：解析：determine vt决定：查明，确定：决心。6.Smuggling is a_activity which might bring destruction to our economy, therefore, it must be banned.(2004 年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.pertinentB.fruitfulC.detrimental D.casual解析：解析：本题空格

17、处是说走私是有害的行为。C 项“detrimental 有害的”符合题意。其他三项“pertinent 相关的，贴切的；fruitful 多产的，有收获的；casual 偶然的，随便的”都不正确。7.The oil spill had a_effect on sea birds and other wildlife.(2013 年 3 月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.reluctantB.mischievousC.devastating D.malignant解析：解析：A 项“reluctant”意为“不情愿的，勉强的”；B 项“mischievous”意为“恶作剧的，顽皮的”；

18、C 项“devastating”意为“破坏性极大的，毁灭性的”；D 项”malignant”意为“恶毒的，恶性的”，由句意可知，“造成了灾难性的影响”，因此选择 C 项。8.The Coriolis force causes all moving projectiles on Earth to be _ from a straight line.(2002 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.distractedB.deviated C.intriguedD.permeated解析：解析：本题空格处是说偏离了直线。B 项“deviated 偏离”符合题意。其他三项“distracted

19、转移：intrigued 密谋，私通；permeated 渗透”都不正确。9.Each workday, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely_from this routine.(2015 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.deviated B.disconnectedC.detachedD.distorted解析：解析：deviated 意为“脱离，偏离”。根据句意：“每个工作日，工人们遵循着同样的日程表，很少偏离常规”，deviate from 意为“背离，偏离”，故选 A。其他三项中，B 项 disconn

20、ected 意为“切断，拆开”； C 项 detached 意为“分离，拆开”；D 项 distorted 意为“歪曲，扭曲”，都不符合句意。10.The boys are trying to _ some scheme of earning money.（分数：2.00）A.makeB.developC.produceD.devise 解析：解析：devise vt.想出设计出，发明(to devise away ofa method of+动词 ing 形式a plan for+动词 ing 形式/now to+动词原形)。11.Livestock breeders are _ much

21、thought and ingenuity to the improvement of this strain.（分数：2.00）A.devotingB.utilizing C.referringD.granting解析：解析：devote(to)vt将奉献给；把专用于，致力于(如：He has devoted his whole life to benefiting the whole mankindEvery spare moment was devoted to study)。utilize/-ise vt利用。refer(sbto)vt让去参考，叫去查询。grant vt.授予，同意，

22、准予。12.Dirty Jobs on the Discovery Channel an unlikely television program, has become a surprising success with a_ fan base.(中国科学院 2011 年 3 月试题)（分数：2.00）A.contributedB.devoted C.reveredD.scared解析：解析：句子的大意为：探索频道播放的干尽苦差事本是个不被看好的节目，但它却取得了惊人的成功，征服了一批忠实的观众，A 项 contributed“贡献的，分配的”；B 项 devoted“献身的，忠诚的”；C 项

23、 revered“尊敬的，敬畏的”；D 项 scared“害怕的”。所以 B 项符合题意。13.The director_ the letter to his secretary, who wrote it down in shorthand.（分数：2.00）A.dictated B.grantedC.authorizedD.drafted解析：解析：dictate vt.口授，口述，自己说让别人写下来。14.She had stomach trouble and had to follow a strict_prescribed by the doctor.（分数：2.00）A.routi

24、neB.prescriptionC.diet D.procedure解析：解析：diet n.(多与不定冠词连用)(病人或减肥者的)特定饮食，规定饮食。15.She was the most_customer the salesman had to deal with that day.（分数：2.00）A.differentB.difficult C.particularD.peculiar解析：解析：difficult a.难对付的，很难满足的(人)：困难的，艰难的。different.a.差异的，不同的；各种各样的。particular(about)a.(表语)过分讲究的，挑剔的。pec

25、uliar a.古怪的，奇怪的；特殊的，独特的。16.Do not give the baby meat to eat, because he cannot_ it.（分数：2.00）A.absorbB.swallowC.digest D.draw解析：解析：digest vt消化；吸收(知识)。17.The _ of the occasion was spoiJed when she fell down the steps.(2004 年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.privacyB.dignity C.moralityD.secrecy解析：解析：本题意为“她从台阶上摔下来，破坏了

26、那种场合的庄严”。B 项“dignity 尊严，高贵”符合题意，如：The dignity of the occasion was lost when he cut in with an unrefined joke(他突然插进一则粗俗不堪的笑话，使当时的庄严气氛丧失殆尽。)其他三项“privacy 隐私；morality 道德；secrecy 秘密”都不正确。18.Parents often faced the _ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they coul

27、d stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness. (2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.junctionB.paradoxC.premiseD.dilemma 解析：解析：本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“接合点，交叉点”；B 项意为“矛盾的事”；C 项意为“前提”；D 项意为“(被迫自不中意的两者中择其一的)左右为难，窘境”。本句意为“父母常常面临这样的困境，一方面想做他们自己觉得对孩子发展有好处的事情，另一方而他们要能忍受孩子们那无教养的吵闹和破坏性”，D 项符合题意。19.What is becoming

28、 increasingly obvious is that the Internet is_ demand for off-the-shelf media.(2006 年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.diluting B.collaboratingC.expellingD.inflecting解析：解析：本题是说越来越明显的是互联网正在削弱人们对现货供应媒体的需求。四个选项中，A 项diluting 的意思是“冲淡，变淡，削弱”，B 项 collaborating 的意思是“合作，通敌”，C 项expelling 的意思是“驱逐，开除，排出，发射”，D 项 inflecting 的意

29、思是“弯曲，使屈曲，改变”。根据题意，A 项为正确答案。20.In the_ light I could see the outlines of the beacon towers.（分数：2.00）A.vagueB.dim C.indistinctD.ambiguous解析：解析：dim a.(光线)昏暗的；(印象、形象、视觉等)朦胧的，模糊不清的(in the dimlight：a dim shapeoutlinesoundsuspiciondim sightmemorics)。vague a.(印象、形象、思想、感觉、话语等)含糊的，不明确的，模糊的。indistinct a.(声音、形

30、象、记忆等)不清楚的，模糊的。ambiguous a.含糊不清的，不明确的：引起歧义的，模棱两可的。21.The_ of this difficulty have only recently been recognized.（分数：2.00）A.extentsB.magnitudesC.dimensions D.severities解析：解析：dimension n.尺寸，长，宽，高，厚，深：(pl)大小，程度。22.His constant attempts to _ his colleagues achievement eventually caused his dismissal.(20

31、09 年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.withdrawB.diminish C.restrainD.confine解析：解析：四个选项的意思分别是：withdraw 撤回，取回；diminish 轻视，贬低增强；restrain 约束，抑制；confine 限制，限定。所以正确答案是 B 选项。如：Its not fair to diminish her efforts；shes worked very hard(贬低她的努力是不公平的，她已非常努力地工作。)23.My supply of confidence slowly _ as the deadline approac

32、hed.(2002 年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.withdrewB.eliminatedC.exterminatedD.diminished 解析：解析：本题是说当最终期限逼近时我的信心逐渐减少。D 项“diminished 减少”符合题意，如：diminish the cost of production(减小生产成本)。其他三项“withdrew 撤回；eliminated 排除；exterminated 消除”都不正确。24.I havenl read that book properly. Ive only_ into it.（分数：2.00）A.glancedB.

33、peepedC.lookedD.dipped 解析：解析：dip into 浏览，随便翻阅(没有认真研读)，稍加研究。25.Since the energy crisis, these big cars have become a real liability .Thev cost too much to run.(2004 年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.lack of reliabilityB.substituteC.costly means of transportD.disadvantage 解析：解析：本题中，liability 的意思是“责任，义务，倾向，债务，负债”。四个选项中，disadvantage 的意思是“缺点，不利条件”。如：The washing machine has two serious disadvantages(这台洗衣机有两个严重缺陷。)tack of reliability 的意思是“缺乏可靠性”；substitute 的意思是“代替品”；costly means of transport 的意思是“昂贵的交通方式”。只有 D 项符合题意。