【考研类试卷】考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编18及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 18 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.John did not have to write the composition if he didnt want to. It was _.（分数：2.00）A.imperativeB.optionalC.criticalD.unnecessary2.The none of students in the class likes the mistress, who is used to being_ of every

2、thing they do.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.emotionalB.optimisticC.interestedD.critical3.I cant understand how he can feel that his colleagues are always ready to denounce him.(2003 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.complimentB.criticizeC.flatterD.challenge4.A narrow path_the stream to the other side of the park.

3、（分数：2.00）A.joinsB.crossesC.unitesD.passes5.In the week before Christmas, shoppers _ the stores.（分数：2.00）A.crammedB.stuffedC.crowdedD.jammed6.The decision was made at the_ moment when the countrys fate was at stake.（分数：2.00）A.optimumB.opportuneC.crucialD.reckless7.The_question in this case is whether

4、 the accused had a motive for this crime ornot.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.crucialB.forcibleC.supremeD.valuable8.Gasoline is processed from _ oil.（分数：2.00）A.crudeB.rawC.roughD.tough9.The liner is making a round-the-world _ this year. All the passengers are making the voyage for pleasure.（分数：2.00）A.

5、voyageB.cruiseC.journeyD.excursion10.Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when_in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.glidingB.cruisingC.pilotingD.patrolling11.The few remaining pockets of resistance we

6、re finally _ into submission by the ruthless methods of the conquering army.（分数：2.00）A.crashedB.crushedC.smashedD.defeated12.When there were guests in the house, the deaf and dumb boy took his_from his parents so that he knew how to behave.（分数：2.00）A.instructionB.adviceC.cueD.clue13.How can you best

7、 _ in your students the speech habits of the English language?（分数：2.00）A.instillB.sustainC.cultivateD.inspire14.No doctors could _ the patient of his strange disease.（分数：2.00）A.restoreB.cureC.treatD.recover15.The boy burned with _ to know what was in the letter addressed to his sister.（分数：2.00）A.int

8、erestB.curiosityC.desireD.wish16.The old woman is too _ about other peoples business.（分数：2.00）A.fondB.eagerC.interestedD.curious17.I dont like my hair straight so I m going to have it_.（分数：2.00）A.shearedB.twistedC.deformedD.curled18.David is the_ holder of the 5,000-meter race world record, but ther

9、e is no guarantee that he will win in the Olympic Games.（分数：2.00）A.prevalentB.dominantC.currentD.prominent19.This subject is not included in the _ of the school.（分数：2.00）A.courseB.disciplineC.curriculumD.outline20.The wind blew hard. The waves _ the boat against the rocks.（分数：2.00）A.rushedB.dashedC.

10、crashedD.crushed21.It_ on Fred that he would fail the course if he did not study harder.（分数：2.00）A.dawnedB.hitC.struckD.occurred22.Its so cold outside that my fingers feel_.（分数：2.00）A.deadB.indifferentC.unawareD.unconscious23.He is_to all requests tor help.（分数：2.00）A.dumbB.blindC.deafD.uninterested2

11、4.Congress was then in session, and a fierce _was going on over ratification of the treaty.（分数：2.00）A.debateB.discussionC.quarrelD.contention25.They had a fierce_as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.debateB.clashC.d

12、isagreementD.contest考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编 18 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.John did not have to write the composition if he didnt want to. It was _.（分数：2.00）A.imperativeB.optional C.criticalD.unnecessary解析：解析：optional a.可作选择的，非强制的。imperative a必要的，极重要的；命令式的，必须做的。critica

13、l a.决定性的，关键性的，危急的；批评的，批判的。unnecessary a.不必要的。2.The none of students in the class likes the mistress, who is used to being_ of everything they do.(2002 年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.emotionalB.optimisticC.interestedD.critical 解析：解析：本句说班里的学生没一个喜欢那位女老师，她惯于批评学生们所做的一切事。选项“emotional 情绪的，情感的；optimistic 乐观的；interest

14、ed 感必趣的”都不对，只有“critical 批评的，苛刻的”符合句意，因此 D 项正确。3.I cant understand how he can feel that his colleagues are always ready to denounce him.(2003 年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.complimentB.criticize C.flatterD.challenge解析：解析：题中的 denounce 的意思是“公开指责，谴责”：criticize 的意思是“批评，责备”，与之相符，如：His policies were severely criti

15、cized(他的政策受到了严厉批评。)其他三项“compliment 恭维，称赞；flatter 奉承，过分夸赞：challenge 挑战”都不正确。4.A narrow path_the stream to the other side of the park.（分数：2.00）A.joinsB.crosses C.unitesD.passes解析：解析：cross v.穿过，越过；(使)交叉，(使)相交。join vt. 加入，参加：连接，联合。unite v.(使)联合，(使)结合，(使)团结。pass v.经过，穿过，通过。5.In the week before Christmas,

16、 shoppers _ the stores.（分数：2.00）A.crammedB.stuffedC.crowded D.jammed解析：解析：crowd v.聚集，群集，拥挤(如：They had managed to crowd into a trainThe eager spectators crowded into the stationSwimmers crowded the beaches)。cram vt挤，塞：把塞满。stuff vt填装。jam v.堵塞，挤满(注：crowd 主要指人挤满，虽然也可指物：cramjam主要指物挤满，虽然也可指人)。6.The decisi

17、on was made at the_ moment when the countrys fate was at stake.（分数：2.00）A.optimumB.opportune C.crucialD.reckless解析：解析：crucial a.至关重要的，决定性的(the crucial testquestion；at the crucial moment)。optimum a.最合适的，最优的，最佳的。opportune a.适当的，适时的。reckless a.鲁莽的，不顾后果的。7.The_question in this case is whether the accuse

18、d had a motive for this crime ornot.(2004 年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.crucial B.forcibleC.supremeD.valuable解析：解析：本题的空格处足说这个案子的关键问题。A 项的“crucial 关键的”符合题意，如：at the crucial moment(在关键时刻、重要关头)。其他三项“forcible 强制的，暴力的，有说服力的；supreme极度的，极大的，最高的，valuable 贵重的，有价值的”都不正确。8.Gasoline is processed from _ oil.（分数：2.00）A.

19、crude B.rawC.roughD.tough解析：解析：crude a.天然的，未加工的(crude oil；crude sugar; crude salt; crude materials)(crude 的另外两个四级意思是：“简陋的，粗糙的；粗鲁的，粗俗的”：a crude shelter in the forest; a crude drawing；a crude theory；crude people；crude behavior)。raw a.未加工过的；未煮过的，生的：未经训练的，没有经验的。rough a. 粗糙的；粗野的，粗暴的；粗略的，大致的。tough a.(食物等)

20、老的，难嚼的；(人)强壮的，坚强的：能吃苦耐劳的；困难的，艰苦的。9.The liner is making a round-the-world _ this year. All the passengers are making the voyage for pleasure.（分数：2.00）A.voyageB.cruise C.journeyD.excursion解析：解析：cruise n.航行，航游。voyage n.航海，航行，旅行。journey n.(一般指陆地上的长途)旅行，行程。excursion n.远足，短途旅行，(集体)游览。10.Satellite communic

21、ations are so up-to-date that even when_in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.(2011 年四川大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.glidingB.cruising C.pilotingD.patrolling解析：解析：在给出的选项中：gliding“滑动，滑翔”；cruising“巡航，航行”；piloting“引航，领航”；patrolling“巡逻，巡查”。根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是

22、 B。11.The few remaining pockets of resistance were finally _ into submission by the ruthless methods of the conquering army.（分数：2.00）A.crashedB.crushed C.smashedD.defeated解析：解析：crush vt.镇压，压倒；压碎，碾碎(如：The army quickly crushed the uprisingThe military government has successfully crushed all opposition

23、Our hopes have been crushedTo make wine you first crush grapes)。crash vt坠落，坠毁；碰撞。smash vt.打碎，粉碎；推翻：猛力冲击。defeat vt打败，击败，战胜；挫败，使落空。12.When there were guests in the house, the deaf and dumb boy took his_from his parents so that he knew how to behave.（分数：2.00）A.instructionB.adviceC.cue D.clue解析：解析：cue n

24、.提示；暗示，信号(take ones cue from sb学的样；听的劝告；follow sb.s cue 按某人的指点行事；on cue 恰在这个时候)。instructions n.(pl.)命令，指示，用法说明。advice n劝告，意见。clue(to)n.线索，提示(注：instruction 和 advice 均是通过口授的方式给予劝告或指示，而一个聋哑的孩子是不会知道他父母在说什么的，因此只能是 take his cue from his parents 才是正确答案)。13.How can you best _ in your students the speech hab

25、its of the English language?（分数：2.00）A.instillB.sustainC.cultivate D.inspire解析：解析：cultivate(in)vt.培养，养成，陶冶(精神、习惯、情操等)：耕作，种植(to cultivate the habit of+动词 ing 形式；cultivate ones mind by reading books；cultivate a love of art)。instill(into)vt逐渐灌输(思想)。sustain vt保持，使持续不息；支持；维持(生命)。inspire vt.鼓舞，激励；给以灵感。14.

26、No doctors could _ the patient of his strange disease.（分数：2.00）A.restoreB.cure C.treatD.recover解析：解析：cure vt治愈，治好；消除，改正(坏毛病)(句型：cure sb为某人治好病；cure an illness 治好病：cure sbof an illness 治好某人的病：cure sb. of a bad habit 使某人改掉坏习惯)。restore vt归还，交还；恢复，修复。treat vt.治疗，医治(句型：treat sb为某人治病；treat an illness 治病；tr

27、eat sb. for an illness 为某人治病)。recover(from)vi.恢复，痊愈。15.The boy burned with _ to know what was in the letter addressed to his sister.（分数：2.00）A.interestB.curiosity C.desireD.wish解析：解析：curiosity n好奇(心)(如：He looked at her inwith curiosity)。interest n.兴趣。desire n.愿望，欲望(desire forto+动词原形that sbdo)。wish n

28、.愿望，希望。16.The old woman is too _ about other peoples business.（分数：2.00）A.fondB.eagerC.interestedD.curious 解析：解析：curious(about)a好奇的，爱打听他人私事的。fond(of)a.喜爱的，喜欢的。eager(forto+动词原形)a.热切的，渴望的。interested(in)a.对感兴趣的。17.I dont like my hair straight so I m going to have it_.（分数：2.00）A.shearedB.twistedC.deforme

29、dD.curled 解析：解析：curl v.卷，(使)卷曲；(使)蜷曲；(烟)缭绕，盘绕(如：She curls herhairHer hair curls naturallyTim curled up inbedShe curled her lipsSmoke curls slowly up from the chimney)。shear vt剪，剪断；削减。twist v.搓，捻；旋转；扭歪，扭伤；歪曲。deform vt.损坏的形状；(使)变扭，(使)变形。18.David is the_ holder of the 5,000-meter race world record, but

30、 there is no guarantee that he will win in the Olympic Games.（分数：2.00）A.prevalentB.dominantC.current D.prominent解析：解析：current a.现实的，当前的；通行的，流行的。prevalent a.(某种思想、现象、东西)流行的，普遍的，常见的，经常出现的。dominant a.支配的，统治的，占优势的。prominent a.突出的，杰出的；突起的。19.This subject is not included in the _ of the school.（分数：2.00）A.

31、courseB.disciplineC.curriculum D.outline解析：解析：curriculum n课程，(学校的)全部课程。course n(一门)课程，教程。discipline n学科。outline n提纲，概要。20.The wind blew hard. The waves _ the boat against the rocks.（分数：2.00）A.rushedB.dashed C.crashedD.crushed解析：解析：dash vt猛掷；vi.猛冲，飞奔。rush vt.匆忙做，加速进行；把急忙送往；催促，使加紧干；vi.仓促行动。crash v.碰撞；

32、坠落，坠毁。crush vt.压碎，碾碎；镇压，压倒。21.It_ on Fred that he would fail the course if he did not study harder.（分数：2.00）A.dawned B.hitC.struckD.occurred解析：解析：dawn onupon sb(以事物作主语，以人作宾语)明白过来，想到(如：It has slowly dawned upon us that he will not helpIt suddenly dawned upon me why he was so interested in my story)22

33、.Its so cold outside that my fingers feel_.（分数：2.00）A.dead B.indifferentC.unawareD.unconscious解析：解析：dead a.死的；无感觉的。indifferent(to)a.冷漠的，不关心的，不积极。unaware(of)a.没有察觉的。unconscious(of)a.失去知觉的，没有知觉的(一般以人作主语，不以人体的一部分作主语)。23.He is_to all requests tor help.（分数：2.00）A.dumbB.blindC.deaf D.uninterested解析：解析：dea

34、f(to)a.(本义)耳聋的；(引申)不愿听别人意见的，装聋的。24.Congress was then in session, and a fierce _was going on over ratification of the treaty.（分数：2.00）A.debate B.discussionC.quarrelD.contention解析：解析：debate n.v(一般指在正式会议上就重大问题所进行的，严肃认真的，常常是激烈的)辩论，争论，讨论。25.They had a fierce_as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.(2013 年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.debate B.clashC.disagreementD.contest解析：解析：本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“争论，讨论”；B 项意为“冲突，抵触”；C 项意为“不一致，意见的分歧”，为不可数名词；D 项意为“竞赛，争论”。本句意为“就是否公司应该恢复数年前破裂的贸易关系，他们进行了激烈的讨论”，A 符合题意。