ASTM E2004-2018 Standard Test Method for Facing Cleavage of Sandwich Panels.pdf

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1、Designation: E2004 10E2004 18Standard Test Method forFacing Cleavage of Sandwich Panels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2004; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cleavag

3、e force to peel stiff facings from sandwich panels.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purpo

4、rt to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This internation

5、al standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

6、2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for AdhesivesE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE1749 Terminology Relating to Rigid Wall Relocatable Shelters3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For defin

7、itions of general terms related to building construction used in this test method, refer to Terminology E631 andfor general terms related to rigid wall relocatable shelters, refer to Terminology E1749.3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 adhesive failurefailure that i

8、s completely within the adhesive layer with no evidence of interfacial disbonding betweenthe core and the adhesive, between the adhesive and the facing, and no evidence of tearing or rupture within the core.3.2.2 bond failurefailure that is interfacial and is either (a) between the adhesive and the

9、core, or (b) between the adhesiveand the facing; no core or adhesive failure will be in evidence in this type of failure.3.2.2.1 DiscussionIf bond failure occurs it should be specified as to whether it is type (a) or (b).3.2.3 core failurefailure that is completely within the core material and is co

10、mprised of a tearing or rupture of the core materialwith no evidence of interfacial disbonding between the core and the adhesive, within the adhesive itself, or between the adhesiveand the facing.3.2.4 mixed-mode failurefailure that shows evidence of more than one of the three failure modes describe

11、d above.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.53 on Materialsand Processes for Durable Rigidwall Relocatable Structures.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2

12、010November 2018. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20042010as E2004 04.E200410. DOI: 10.1520/E2004-10.10.1520/E200418.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standar

13、dsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to

14、 adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons

15、hohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.4.1 DiscussionVisually estimate and report the percent of the total failure surface area that is covered by each type of failure.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method determines the cleavage force required to peel stiff facings from the core of sandwi

16、ch panels, and is usedto determine how well the facing is bonded to the core. Test Method D1781 only works well with flexible facings. As a guideline,the cleavage test method would work better on sandwich panels that have facings with a bending stiffness (EI) of greater thanapproximately 27.3 lbs-in

17、lb-in2/inch width (3.09 kNmm2/mm width). This converts to approximately 0.032 in. (0.81 mm) 6061 T6aluminum alloy, 0.023 in. (0.57 mm) steel, and 0.046 in. (1.18 mm) fiberglass facings.5. Apparatus5.1 Test Machine, capable of maintaining a controlled loading rate and indicating the load with an accu

18、racy of 61 % of theindicated value. The accuracy of the test machine shall be verified in accordance with Practices E4.5.2 Deflectometer, capable of measuring the displacement with a precision of at least 610 %.5.3 Micrometer gage or caliper, capable of measuring accurately to 0.01 in. (0.25 mm).6.

19、Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall be from the sandwich panel being evaluated.6.2 Prepare the specimen according to the dimensions specified in Fig. 1.6.3 The loading blocks shall be bonded to the specimen with an adhesive or attached with pop-rivets. See Fig. 2.7. Conditioning7.1 When the phy

20、sical properties of the component materials are affected by moisture, bring the test specimens to constantweight (61 %) before testing, preferably in a conditioning room with temperature and humidity control, and make the tests,preferably, in a room under the same conditions. A temperature of 73 6 5

21、F5 F (23 6 3C)3 C) and a relative humidity of 306 5 % are recommended.8. Procedure8.1 Mount the specimen in the loading blocks with pins so the loading blocks are free to swivel during the load application.8.2 Apply the load to the blocks at a 1.0 in./min (25.4 mm/min) cross-head travel rate.8.3 Obt

22、ain load-deflection curves from cross-head travel.9. Calculation9.1 Determine the peak initial load and the average load after the peak initial load as shown in Fig. 3.10. Report10.1 The report shall include the following:10.1.1 Description of test specimens, core material, facings, core-to-facing a

23、dhesive,FIG. 1 Cleavage Test SpecimenE2004 18210.1.2 Dimensions of the test specimens, core orientation,10.1.3 Method of attaching blocks to specimens,10.1.4 Specimens conditioning, if any,10.1.5 Test temperature and specimens time at temperature,10.1.6 Test machine cross-head loading rate,10.1.7 Pe

24、ak load, individual values and average, lb (N),10.1.8 Average load, individual values and average, lb (N),10.1.9 Load-deflection curves, and10.1.10 Description of failure mode, whether core, adhesive, bond, or mixed-mode failure occurred.11. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test

25、 method for measuring sandwich facing peel will be determined in the future.11.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias for the procedure in this test method,bias has not been determined.FIG. 2 Loading Blocks for Cleavage Test SpecimenFIG. 3 Determination

26、 of Peak Initial Load and Average LoadE2004 18312. Keywords12.1 cleavage; facing; peel; sandwich coreASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that det

27、ermination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved o

28、r withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel tha

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