IEC 60947-1-2007 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1 General rules《低压开关装置和控制装置.第1部分 一般规则》.pdf

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1、 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IECCEINORME INTERNATIONALE60947-1Fifth editionCinquime dition2007-06Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 1: General rules Appareillage basse tension Partie 1: Rgles gnrales Reference number Numro de rfrence IEC/CEI 60947-1:2007 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED C

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14、11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IECCEINORME INTERNATIONALE60947-1Fifth editionCinquime dition2007-06Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 1: General rules Appareillage basse tension Partie 1: Rgles gnrales XK Commission Electrotechnique InternationaleInternational Electrotechni

15、cal Commission PRICE CODE CODE PRIX For price, see current cataloguePour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur 2 60947-1 IEC:2007 CONTENTS FOREWORD.7 1 General 9 1.1 Scope and object.9 1.2 Normative references 10 2 Definitions 13 2.1 General terms18 2.2 Switching devices 21 2.3 Parts of switching devices2

16、4 2.4 Operation of switching devices.27 2.5 Characteristic quantities 32 2.6 Tests.41 2.7 Ports .41 3 Classification 42 4 Characteristics43 4.1 General .44 4.2 Type of equipment.44 4.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit .44 4.4 Utilization category 50 4.5 Control circuits 50 4.6 Auxiliar

17、y circuits 51 4.7 Relays and releases 51 4.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD) .51 4.9 Switching overvoltages 52 5 Product information.52 5.1 Nature of information .52 5.2 Marking .53 5.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance54 6 Normal service, mounting a

18、nd transport conditions54 6.1 Normal service conditions54 6.2 Conditions during transport and storage.56 6.3 Mounting .56 7 Constructional and performance requirements 56 7.1 Constructioynal requirements.56 7.2 Performance requirements.64 7.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)72 8 Tests 73 8.1 Kind

19、s of test 73 8.2 Compliance with constructional requirements.75 8.3 Performance81 8.4 Tests for EMC .101 60947-1 IEC:2007 3 Annex A (informative) Examples of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear141 Annex B (informative) Suitability of the equipment when conditions for op

20、eration in service differ from the normal conditions 144 Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment.146 Annex D (informative) Examples of terminals .153 Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit160 Annex F (informative) Determination of short-c

21、ircuit power-factor or time-constant .162 Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances .164 Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment .170 Annex J (informative) Items subject to ag

22、reement between manufacturer and user .172 Annex K Vacant 173 Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number174 Annex M (normative) Flammability test .185 Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation.188 Annex O (informative) Environmental aspects.

23、193 Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors201 Annex Q (normative) Special tests Damp heat, salt mist, vibration and shock .202 Annex R (informative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible parts during

24、operation or adjustment .207 Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs213 Bibliography227 Table 1 Standard cross-sections of round copper conductors and approximate relationship between mm2and AWG/kcmil sizes (see 7.1.8.2).105 Table 2 Temperature-rise limits of terminals (see 7.2.2.1 and 8.3.3.

25、3.4)105 Table 3 Temperature-rise limits of accessible parts (see 7.2.2.2 and 8.3.3.3.4).106 Table 4 Tightening torques for the verification of the mechanical strength of screw-type terminals (see 8.3.2.1, 8.2.6 and 8.2.6.2) .107 Table 5 Test values for flexion and pull-out tests for round copper con

26、ductors (see 8.2.4.4.1) 108 Table 6 Test values for pull-out test for flat copper conductors (see 8.2.4.4.2) 108 Table 7 Maximum conductor cross-sections and corresponding gauges (see 8.2.4.5.1) 109 Table 7a Relationship between conductor cross-section and diameter 110 Table 8 Tolerances on test qua

27、ntities (see 8.3.4.3, item a) 111 Table 9 Test copper conductors for test currents up to 400 A inclusive (see 8.3.3.3.4) 111 Table 10 Test copper conductors for test currents above 400 A and up to 800 A inclusive (see 8.3.3.3.4) 112 4 60947-1 IEC:2007 Table 11 Test copper bars for test currents abov

28、e 400 A and up to 3 150 A inclusive (see 8.3.3.3.4) 112 Table 12 Impulse withstand test voltages113 Table 12A Dielectric test voltage corresponding to the rated insulation voltage113 Table 13 Minimum clearances in air114 Table 14 Test voltages across the open contacts of equipment suitable for isola

29、tion .114 Table 15 Minimum creepage distances.115 Table 16 Values of power-factors and time-constants corresponding to test currents, and ratio n between peak and r.m.s. values of current (see 8.3.4.3, item a) 116 Table 17 Actuator test force (see 8.2.5.2.1) 116 Table 18 Vacant. 116 Table 19 Vacant.

30、 116 Table 20 Test values for conduit pull-out test (see 8.2.7.1) .116 Table 21 Test values for conduit bending test (see 8.2.7.2).117 Table 22 Test values for conduit torque test (see 8.2.7.1 and 8.2.7.3).117 Table 23 Tests for EMC Immunity (see 8.4.1.2) .118 Table 24 Acceptance criteria when EM di

31、sturbances are present 119 Table H.1 Correspondence between the nominal voltage of the supply system and the equipment rated impulse withstand voltage, in case of overvoltage protection by surge-arresters according to IEC 60099-1 .171 Table M.1 HWI and AI characteristics for materials necessary to r

32、etain current carrying parts in position .187 Table M.2 HWI and AI characteristics for materials other than those covered by Table M.1 .187 Table P.1 Examples of terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear connected to copper conductors201 Table Q.1 Test sequences204 Table S.1 Rated val

33、ues and operating ranges of incoming power supply .214 Table S.2 Standard operating ranges for digital inputs (current sinking) 217 Table S.3 Rated values and operating ranges for current sourcing digital a.c. outputs .218 Table S.4 Rated values and operating ranges (d.c.) for current-sourcing digit

34、al d.c. outputs220 Table S.5 Overload and short-circuit tests for digital outputs.223 Figure 1 Test equipment for flexion test (see 8.2.4.3 and Table 5) 120 Figure 2 Gauges of form A and form B (see 8.2.4.5.2 and Table 7) .120 Figure 3 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and b

35、reaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase a.c. or on d.c. (see 8.3.3.5.2) . 121 Figure 4 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on single-phase a.c. or on d.c. (see 8.3.3.5.2) .122 Figure 5 Diagram of the test ci

36、rcuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 8.3.3.5.2)123 60947-1 IEC:2007 5 Figure 6 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of making and breaking capacities of a four-pole equipment (see 8.3.3.5.2)124 Figure 7 Schematic illustration of the

37、recovery voltage across contacts of the first phase to clear under ideal conditions (see 8.3.3.5.2, item e).125 Figure 8a Diagram of a load circuit adjustment method: load star-point earthed 126 Figure 8b Diagram of a load circuit adjustment method: supply star-point earthed.127 Figure 9 Diagram of

38、the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a single-pole equipment on single-phase a.c. or on d.c. (see 8.3.4.1.2) 128 Figure 10 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a two-pole equipment on s

39、ingle-phase a.c. or on d.c. (see 8.3.4.1.2) 129 Figure 11 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities of a three-pole equipment (see 8.3.4.1.2)130 Figure 12 Diagram of the test circuit for the verification of short-circuit making and breaking capa

40、cities of a four-pole equipment (see 8.3.4.1.2)131 Figure 13 Example of short-circuit making and breaking test record in the case of a single-pole equipment on single-phase a.c. (see 8.3.4.1.8) 132 Figure 14 Verification of short-circuit making and breaking capacities on d.c. (see 8.3.4.1.8) 133 Fig

41、ure 15 Determination of the prospective breaking current when the first calibration of the test circuit has been made at a current lower than the rated breaking capacity (see 8.3.4.1.8, item b) 134 Figure 16 Actuator test force (see 8.2.5.2.1 and Table 17)135 Figure 17 Examples of ports.136 Figure 1

42、8 Test set-up for the verification of immunity to electrostatic discharges .136 Figure 19 Test set-up for the verification of immunity to radiated radio-frequency electromagnetic fields .137 Figure 20 Test set-up for the verification of immunity to electrical fast transients/bursts138 Figure 21 Test

43、 set-up for the verification of immunity to conducted disturbances induced by r.f. fields on power lines.139 Figure 22 Example of test set-up for the verification of immunity to conducted disturbances induced by r.f. fields on signal lines when CDNs are not suitable139 Figure 23 Test set-up for the

44、verification of immunity to power frequency magnetic fields.140 Figure C.1 IP Codes.150 Figure D.1 Screw terminals 153 Figure D.2 Pillar terminals 154 Figure D.3 Stud terminals.155 Figure D.4 Saddle terminals .156 Figure D.5 Lug terminals 157 Figure D.6 Mantle terminals158 Figure D.7 Screwless-type

45、terminals.159 Figure E.1 Determination of the actual value of the factor .161 6 60947-1 IEC:2007 Figure G.1 Measurement of ribs .165 Figure G.2 Creepage distance across the fixed and moving insulation of contact carriers .165 Figure M.1 Test fixture for hot wire ignition test.185 Figure M.2 Circuit

46、for arc ignition test .186 Figure N.1 Example of application with component connected between separated circuits192 Figure O.1 Conceptual relationship between provisions in product standards and the environmental impacts associated with the product during its life cycle 197 Figure P.1 Dimensions .20

47、1 Figure R.1 Operating mechanism outside the enclosure209 Figure R.2 Operating space for push-button actuation.210 Figure R.3 Examples of finger protected location for hazardous-live-parts in push-button vicinity (approximately 25 mm)211 Figure R.4 Operating space for actuation by rotary means 212 F

48、igure S.1 I/O parameters 215 Figure S.2 U-I operation regions of current-sinking inputs .216 Figure S.3 Temporary overload waveform for digital a.c. outputs.218 Figure S.4 Temporary overload waveform for digital d.c. outputs.221 60947-1 IEC:2007 7 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ LOW-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR Part 1: General rules FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC Nationa