SAE J 1213 1-1997 Glossary of Vehicle Networks for Multiplexing and Data Communications《用于多路传输和数据通信工具的汽车网络词汇》.pdf

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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro

2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT

3、 ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1997 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001INFORMATIONREPORTSubmitted for recognition as an American National Stand

4、ardJ1213-1REV.SEPT1997Issued 1988-04Revised 1997-09Superseding J1213-1 JUN91(R) Glossary of Vehicle Networks for Multiplexing and Data Communications1. ScopeThis document covers the general terms and corresponding definitions that support the design,development, implementation, testing, and applicat

5、ion of vehicle networks.The terminology also covers some terms and concepts of distributed embedded systems, network hardware,network software, physical layers, protocols, and other related areas.1.1 ObjectiveThis document aims at being a common reference of terminology, fundamental concepts,abbrevi

6、ations, and acronyms used to support vehicle networking technology.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONS

7、Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAEJ1708Serial Data Communications Between Microcomputer Systems in Heavy-Duty VehicleApplicationsSAE J1850Class B Data Communication Network InterfaceSAE J1930Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms, Definitions, Abbreviat

8、ions, and AcronymsSAE J1939Serial Control and Communications Vehicle NetworkSAEJ1939-71Vehicle Application LayerSAEJ1962Diagnostic ConnectorSAEJ1978OBD II Scan ToolSAEJ1979E/E Diagnostic Test ModesSAE J2178Class B Data Communication Network MessagesSAEJ2178-1Class B Data Communication Network Messag

9、esDetailed Header Formats, andPhysical Address AssignmentsSAEJ2178-3Class B Data Communication Network MessagesPart 3Frame IDS For Single-ByteForms of HeadersSAEJ2178-4Class B Data Communication Network MessagesMessage Definitions For Three ByteHeadersSAEJ2190Enhanced E/E Diagnostic Test ModesCopyri

10、ght SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J1213-1 Revised SEPT1997-2-2.1.2 CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONSAvailable from State of California.California Code of Regulations, Title 13, 1968.1Multifunc

11、tion and Diagnostic System Requirements,1994 and Subsequent Model-Year Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles withFeedback Fuel Control Systems2.1.3 ISO PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.ISO9141Road vehiclesDiagnostic systemsRequiremen

12、ts for interchange of digital informationISO 14229Road vehiclesDiagnostic systemsDiagnostic services specificationISO14230-1Road vehiclesDiagnostic systemsKeyword protocol 2000Part 1: Physical layerISO 14230-2Road vehiclesDiagnostic systemsKeyword protocol 2000Part 2: Data link layerISO14230-3Road v

13、ehiclesDiagnostic systemsKeyword protocol 2000Part 3: Application layerISO 15031-3Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits: specification and useISO/IEC9646Information technologyOpen systems interconnectionConformance testing methodol-ogy and framework3. Definitions3.1 A Priori Knowledge

14、Knowledge about future behavior of a system that is known or available ahead of time.EXAMPLE 1A node which knows that a missing periodic or repetitive message is expected canautomatically invoke an alternate strategy, based on this “a priori knowledge.“EXAMPLE 2In a Time-Triggered Architecture, the

15、points in time when a node is supposed to send amessage is known ahead of time.3.2 A/CAir Conditioning3.3 ABSAntilock Braking System3.4 ACKAcknowledgment3.5 AcknowledgmentA type of response which is used to indicate whether a message has been receivedproperly.Acknowledgments can be positive, indicat

16、ing the message was received, or negative, indicating the messagewas not received.3.6 Acknowledgment: ApplicationA confirmation that the requested action has been understood andperformed.3.7 ACPAudio Control Protocol, a Ford proprietary UART-based protocol3.8 Active StateThe electrical state of a bu

17、s wire which results when one or more nodes transmit the “dominantbus condition by “turning on“ their physical layer transmit circuit. Alternate names: Active, Dominant.Refer to the designated physical layer specification for signal levels. For SAE J1850: This is Voh volts for bus+ (PWM and VPW) and

18、 Vol volts for bus - (PWM only).3.9 AddressA designated message field used to point at a network object, data variable, node, or module. Anetwork address may be used to establish the source or destination of a message.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo

19、 reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J1213-1 Revised SEPT1997-3-EXAMPLENetwork objects that may be assigned an address could include: an engine control module, adata variable “Engine RPM“, a “Lock Door“ command, etc.3.10 Address FilteringThe ability to select a partic

20、ular address or group of addresses based on user-establishedselection criteria or filtering technique.3.11 Address StructureThe organization of network addressing that is used for a given protocol. The addressstructure is specific to a protocol.EXAMPLESAE J2178 includes the address structure used fo

21、r SAE J1850.3.12 AM BandThe band of frequencies associated with the standard broadcast Amplitude Modulation Stations(i.e., 535 kHz to 1.605 MHz).3.13 Analog ActuatorClass A analog actuators convert some continuously varying output characteristic such asa continuously varying output value or magnitud

22、e.Although the communicated value may or may not be digitally encoded, the action taken is intended to providea continuous range.An example of this is the flapper position in the heat exchanger. The actuator has a continuum of positionsbetween a maximum and minimum value.3.14 Analog ResolutionAnalog

23、 resolution requirement is the largest level change that cannot be perceived by anoccupant or operator. The analog resolution of the system should not allow the occupant to perceive discretechange.EXAMPLE“Opera Dimming“ is an analog function. It can be achieved with discrete drive level changes that

24、appear to the occupant as continuous dimming.The discrete drive resolution of this actuator should resolve to a level that is finer than required by the analogresolution of the function.3.15 Analog SensorA sensor that converts some measured continuously varying input characteristic as acontinuously

25、varying output value or magnitude.The sensor has a maximum and minimum measurable input range that corresponds to a maximum andminimum output represented value.3.16 Application/AffiliationThe application section briefly identifies the applications for which the protocol wasdesigned to serve (e.g., m

26、ilitary, aircraft, industrial, land, vehicles, trucks).The affiliation section identifies the organization(s) that originally developed or specified the protocol or whichnow endorse the protocol. If hardware is available, this section should detail the components andmanufacturer.3.17 Application-To-

27、Application Delay TimeDelay time in a communication network, starting at the request fortransmission and terminating at the presentation of the transferred information to the respective application(s).3.18 Application LayerProvides access to the OSI environment for users and also provides distribute

28、dinformation services.3.19 Application ProcessA specific grouped set of actions performed by a system, subsystem, module, orcomponent to handle a designated task or set of tasks.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wi

29、thout license from IHS-,-SAE J1213-1 Revised SEPT1997-4-3.20 Application SoftwareA software implementation that supports all required module processing activities.Refers to the microprocessor programming that controls the external equipment/scan tool hardware so as toperform required SAE J1978 OBD I

30、I Scan Tool functions.3.21 Application Specific Network RequirementsA document of specific rules that applies to allimplementations that use the designated network protocol for the named application.3.22 ArbitrationIf two or more senders start transmitting messages at the same time, the media access

31、 conflict isresolved either by a nondestructive bitwise collision avoidance algorithm or by a collision resolution method.For SAE J1850: The process of resolving which frame, or In-Frame Response data, continues to betransmitted when two or more nodes begin transmitting frames, or In-Frame Response

32、data, simultaneously.3.23 Arbitration-Based ProtocolA form of contention-based protocol where contention is evaluated bit-by-bit.Arbitration-based protocols typically require that the physical length of the signal bus be sufficiently short suchthat the propagation time for signal transmission is sig

33、nificantly less than one information bit time.A form of contention-based protocol where contention is evaluated bit-by-bit.3.24 Arbitration FieldBits within the message frame attributed to each message for controlling the arbitration.3.25 ArchitectureThe organizational structure of vehicle multiplex

34、 network, mainly referring to the applicationstructure and communications protocol.3.26 ASCASCII Encoded SLOT3.27 ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Interchange3.28 ASRAcceleration Slip Regulation (Traction Control)3.29 Asynchronous CommunicationsAsynchronous Communications is a method of m

35、oving serial data thatuses a start bit and stop bit of a designated bit duration which synchronizes the transmitting and receivingstations.3.30 Audio Control ProtocolA two-wire UART-based serial communication network solution that operates at9.7K bits/second. ACP is Fords Audio Control Protocol.3.31

36、 AvailabilityThe decimal fraction of the time during which a system is capable of performing its requiredfunctions.3.32 AWGArbitrary Waveform Generator, American Wire Gauge.3.33 BandwidthNetwork bandwidth is a measurement of the utilized capacity of a network. Typically indicated asa percentage and

37、measured over some designated period of time.3.34 Base Vehicle WiringThe wiring structure associated with a vehicle that contains a minimum number ofelectrical and electronic components, i.e., a vehicle without any optional features.3.35 BasebandThe band of frequencies occupied by unmodulated signal

38、s. The ratio of the informationbandwidth (upper limit minus the lower limit of the frequency band) to the center frequency is typically largerthan unity.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-

39、SAE J1213-1 Revised SEPT1997-5-3.36 Baseband CommunicationsA communications method in which the transmitted signal is in itsunmodulated form and not changed by modulation.3.37 Baud RateAn information signal transfer rate, measured in baud which is signal transitions per second.Baud rate is slowly be

40、ing replaced by the designation Bit Rate.3.38 BCDBinary Coded Decimal3.39 Binary ResolutionBinary resolution is the number of bits, in base 2, required to represent the full scalevalue of a data variable.3.40 Bipolar DataData that is driven both positively and negatively from a common point such as

41、a referencevoltage or ground (0) potential.3.41 BitBinary Digit. A single unit of binary information which has only two states. A bit may be used to indicateYes/No, On/Off, or True/False.3.42 Bit EncodingA method in which the informational or logical bits, 1s and 0s, are translated into signals onth

42、e transmission medium by the physical interface (e.g., NRZ, PWM, VPW, Manchester).3.43 Bit RateNumber of bits transferred per time period during a network transmission, independent of bitrepresentation. The bit rate is usually expressed in BPS or Bits Per Second.3.44 Bit StuffingTechnique used in bi

43、t-oriented protocols to provide edge transitions which are necessary tomaintain synchronization when using a Non-Return-to-Zero bit encoding.Whenever the transmitting logic encounters a certain number (stuff width) of consecutive bits of equal value inthe data, it automatically stuffs a bit of compl

44、ementary valuea stuff bitinto the outgoing bit stream.Receivers destuff the frame by using an inverse procedure. For CAN: A method used to assure thetransmitted and received messages maintain a minimum number of dominant to recessive edges, and viceversa, to maintain the proper resynchronization wit

45、hin the string of bits in a CAN Data Frame.3.45 Bit SynchronizedTransmission of a frame in which the data bits are transmitted with the transmitter andreceiver bit transitions aligned in time (synchronized).3.46 Bit TimeThe time duration of a single bit period for a given protocol. Depending on the

46、protocol, a bit timemay be of fixed duration or variable. Some protocols allow the bit timing to be adjustable (e.g., CAN).Refer to the specific vehicle networks Physical Layer specification for a specific protocol bit time.3.47 Bit Time SegmentA sub-division of a bit time.EXAMPLEThe CAN protocol de

47、fines multiple bit time segments that are adjustable and used for bit samplingand re-synchronization.3.48 Bitwise ArbitrationAn arbitration method, whereby the individual bit collisions created by simultaneousaccess of multiple nodes on the network is resolved on a bit-by-bit basis.Using media state

48、s of dominant and passive, the dominant bit transmitter will override all passive bittransmitters which are subsequently required to cease sending.3.49 BMMBit Mapped with Mask (See SAE J2178.)Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networkin

49、g permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J1213-1 Revised SEPT1997-6-3.50 BMPBit Mapped without Mask (See SAE J2178.)3.51 BridgeFor network-based systems, a device or node which moves messages between two physicallyseparate networks that both use the same protocol.3.52 BRKBreak3.53 Broadband CommunicationsA communications method in which the transmitted signal is the originalsignal modulated o