[考研类试卷]考研英语(一)模拟试卷50及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(一)模拟试卷 50 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It 1 its attention upon those physical characteristics and indus
2、trial techniques, conventions and values, which 2 one community from all others that belong to a different tradition. The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies 3 our own. For its purposes any social 4 of mating and reprodu
3、ction is as significant as our own. To the anthropologist our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for 5 a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is 6 to avoid any weighting of one 7 the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it
4、 is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition 8 . He is interested in a wide 9 of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and 10 , the different forms through which they express themselves and
5、 the 11 in which the customs of any peoples function in the lives of the 12 Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a 13 of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely 14 of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonpla
6、ce. 15 it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than 16 any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather 17 aspect of the matter. The fact 18 first rate importance is the predominant role that custom 19 in experience and
7、belief, and the very great varieties it may 20 .(A)pays(B) revolves(C) fastens(D)draws(A)distinguish(B) prohibit(C) dispel(D)exempt(A)of(B) from(C) for(D)than(A)regulation(B) execution(C) prosecution(D)disposition(A)meditating on(B) imposing on(C) tangling with(D)dealing with(A)acknowledged(B) autho
8、rized(C) bound(D)credited(A)in favor of(B) instead of(C) rather than(D)in contrast with(A)however(B) though(C) whatsoever(D)indeed(A)option(B) span(C) prototype(D)range(A)deviate(B) fluctuate(C) differentiate(D)segregate(A)manner(B) means(C) case(D)context(A)personnel(B) locality(C) natives(D)indivi
9、duals(A)subject(B) object(C) objective(D)subjective(A)worth(B) worthwhile(C) worthy(D)rewarding(A)As a matter of fact(B) On the whole(C) In general(D)On the other hand(A)that(B) why(C) how(D)what(A)vulgar(B) lofty(C) grim(D)trivial(A)in(B) of(C) at(D)to(A)functions(B) plays(C) makes(D)leads(A)manife
10、st(B) illustrate(C) reveal(D)indicatePart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 The word “globalization“ usually conjures up images of globe-spanning companies and distance-destroying technologies. Its enablers are th
11、e laws of comparative advantage and economies of scale. In The Great Brain Race Ben Wildavsky points to another mighty agent o globalization: universities. These were some of the worlds first “global“ institutions. In the Middle Ages great universities such as Paris and Bologna attracted “wandering
12、scholars“ from across Europe. In the 19th century Germanys research universities attracted scholars from across the world. In the early 20th century philanthropists such as Cecil Rhodes and William Harkness established scholarships to foster deeper links between countries. By the 1960s globe-trottin
13、g professors were so commonplace that they bad become the butt of jokes. (What is the difference between God and professor so and so? God is everywhere. Professor so and so is everywhere but here. ) Universities are obsessed by the global marketplace for students and professors. They are trying to a
14、ttract as many students from abroad as possible (not least because foreign students usually pay full fees). Nearly 3 million students now spend some time studying in foreign countries, a number that has risen steeply in recent years. Universities are also setting up overseas. New York University has
15、 opened a branch in Abu Dhabi. Six American universities have created a higher-education supermarket in Qatar. Almost every university worth its name has formed an alliance with a leading Chinese institution. But globalization is going deeper than just the competition for talent: a growing number of
16、 countries are trying to create an elite group of “global universities“ that are capable of competing with the best American institutions. China and India are focusing resources on a small group. The French and German governments are doing hattie with academic egalitarians in an attempt to create Eu
17、ropean Ivy Leagues. Behind all this is the idea that world-class universities can make a disproportionate contribution to economic growth. This is a fascinating story. But Mr. Wildavsky, a former education reporter who now works for both the Kauffman Foundation and the Brookings Institution, is too
18、earnest a writer to make the best of it. He wastes too much ink summarising research papers and quoting “experts“ uttering banalities. And he fails to point out the humour of sabbatical man jet-setting hither and thither to discuss such staples of modern academic life as poverty and inequality. Mr.
19、Wildavsky should spend less time with his fellow think-tankers (who are mesmerised by the idea of a global knowledge economy) and more talking to students, who experience the disadvantages as well as the advantages of the new cult of globalization at first hand.21 The phrase “globe-trotting professo
20、rs“ (Line 5, Paragraph 2) refers to teachers who_.(A)have links with more than one university(B) are busy with teaching in a university(C) commit themselves to educating the talents(D)like to do research on global universities 22 The author cited New York University as an example in the third paragr
21、aph to_.(A)show glohalization of university is a trend(B) glorify it as an excellent university(C) praise global universitys contribution(D)show global universities run for profits 23 The purpose of setting up an outstanding group of “global universities“ is to _.(A)compete for excellent students(B)
22、 compete with American institutions(C) attract more foreign students(D)make contributions to economic growth 24 Which one is NOT the shortcoming of Mr. Wildavskys writing?(A)He pays more attention to experts banalities.(B) He spends less time with his fellow think tankers.(C) He spends too much time
23、 in summarizing the papers.(D)He is too earnest to get the best of it. 25 What is the passage mainly about?(A)The meaning of the word “globalization“.(B) How to create an elite group of “global universities“.(C) Another mighty agent of globalization: universities.(D)The preface of The Great Brain Ra
24、ce. 26 Scientists have long warned that some level of global warming is a done dealdue in large part to heat-trapping greenhouse gases humans already have pumped skyward. Now, however, researchers are fleshing out how much future warming and sea-level rise the world has triggered. The implicit messa
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