[考研类试卷]考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷10及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷 10 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 The European Union reached a preliminary deal to curb bankers compensation that would drastically limit the account that can be paid in bonuses. Britain

2、 resisted the move to cap the ratio between bankers fixed and variable pay. In a nod to opposition from the City of London the new rules treat long-term incentives linked to equities and bonds more favourably. The deal has to be agreed on by finance ministries next week.The Royal Bank of Scotland, w

3、hich is still majority owned by the British taxpayer five years after a government bail-out, reported an annual pre-tax loss of 5. 2 billion, mostly because of an accounting quirk connected to the value of its own debts.RBSs loss was put in the shade, however, when Bankia later posted a net loss for

4、 2012 of 19 billion. The Spanish government owns just under half the bank, but that is expected soon to rise to 70%.A report by McKinsey underlined the impact of the financial crisis on annual cross-border capital flows, which fell by 60% from 2007 to $ 4. 6 trillion last year. The study says that f

5、inancial globalisation has “stalled“ and that markets have reached an “inflection point“ that could lead to a “Balkanised“ structure based on local, rather than global, banking systems.Japans prime minister, Shinzo Abe, nominated Haruhiko Kuroda to become the next governor of the Bank of Japan. Mr K

6、uroda is the current head of the Asian Development Bank and had been a vocal critic of the BOJ. Mr Abe has turned the central banks record into a political issue, urging it to do more to help “the real economy“.Indias government unveiled the countrys most important budget in years, as it seeks to bo

7、ost output while controlling inflation. Growth has cooled rapidly to around 5% . The official forecast says that the economy will expand by up to 6. 6% in 20132014, but the opposition is quick to point out that the estimate for this year was overly optimistic.1 What can be learned from the first par

8、agraph?（A）The EU has reached an agreement to control bankers compensation.（B） The deal would considerably increase the account paid in bonuses.（C） Britain agreed on the act to limit the ratio between bankers fixed and variable pay.（D）The deal to curb bankers compensation has been agreed on by financ

9、e ministries.2 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true?（A）The Royal Bank of Scotland is completely possessed by the British taxpayer.（B） The Royal Bank of Scotland suffered a great loss that led to its bankruptcy.（C） The Royal Bank of Scotland suffered the loss due to an accounting

10、quirk.（D）The Royal Bank of Scotland lost a great sum because of a financial crisis.3 The underlined phrase “ put in the shade“(Paragraph 3, Line 1)is most probably equal to_.（A）put in the darkness（B） nothing big in comparison（C） more serious than others（D）the most serious of all4 McKinseys report ha

11、s_.（A）emphasized the influence of financial crisis（B） stressed the importance of financial globalisation（C） shown the effect exerted by the “inflection point“（D）highlighted the impact of “Balkanised“ structure5 Opponents of economic projection in India reckon that_.（A）the government will cut budget

12、in years（B） economy will grow by 6. 6% in the year to come（C） economic growth may be replaced by stagnation（D）government prediction for this year may disappoint us5 On Americas Gulf coast, massive industrial facilities stand idle. Miles of twisting stainless-steel pipes and huge storage tanks gleam

13、uselessly in the sun. They are a reminder of the hundreds of billions of dollars that America has invested in terminals for handling imports of liquefied natural gas(LNG). Thanks to the boom in domestic shale gas, those imports are no longer needed. America produces nearly as much gas as it consumes

14、, and will soon produce far more.So the obvious thing to do with those idle terminals is to re-engineer them to handle exports. Instead of receiving shiploads of liquefied gas and re-gasifying it, they should be taking American gas, liquefying it and loading it onto tankers. Converting these plants

15、will not be cheapeach one will cost at least $ 5 billion. But the potential rewards are much larger.In America gas sells for around $ 3.40 per million British thermal units(mBTU). In Europe it costs around $ 12. In gas-poor Asia, spot cargoes change hands for as much as $ 20 per mBTU. Since it costs

16、 roughly $ 5 per mBTU to liquefy the stuff, ship it and turn it back into gas, America could be making a fortune from gas exports. To the extent that such exports displaced dirty coal, they would also help curb global warming.Most of Americas two dozen LNG import terminals have applied for export li

17、cences. Yet only one, Sabine Pass in Louisiana, has actually started retooling its kit. Gas from there will start flowing onto global markets by the end of 2015. Why has every other terminal been so slow to seize this opportunity?Converting a plant is not easy: firms must build now upon row of expen

18、sive fridges, known as “liquefaction trains“ , to get gas moving in the opposite direction. But the real hold-up is political. No LNG facility besides Sabine has yet received permission to export. American law requires the Department of Energy to determine whether gas exports are in the public inter

19、est, and President Barack Obamas administration is in no hurry to make up its mind.6 America became less dependent on imported gas due to_.（A）the use of massive industrial facilities（B） billions of dollars invested in terminals（C） the prosperity of home-produced gas（D）the less consumption of domesti

20、c gas7 What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?（A）It is easy to deal with the idle terminals.（B） The government will soon convert the idle terminals.（C） The potential reward to convert the plants isnt substantial.（D）Converting the plants may be beneficial in the long term.8 America can earn a great fo

21、rtune by_.（A）gas imports（B） gas exports（C） imports of oil（D）exports of coal9 We can learn from Paragraph 4 that_.（A）Sabine has begun to retool its facility（B） Sabine has begun to sell gas to global markets（C） Most LNG terminals have gained export licences（D）Every terminal has been quick to grab the

22、chance10 We can judge from the last paragraph that_.（A）No LNG facility except Sabine has gained permission to export（B） Gas exports in America represent the interest of the public（C） Barack Obamas government has made up its mind（D）A plant is difficult to be converted10 In Jonathan Swifts 1726 novel,

23、 “Gullivers Travels“ , the Yahoos are a degraded band of hu-manoids kept tied in stalls by their captors. It is therefore appropriate that a recent, widely leaked memo from Yahoos human-resources manager, Jackie Reses, began with the toe-curling salutation with which managers at the company normally

24、 address underlings; “Yahoos“.“ We can all feel the energy and buzz in our offices,“ the memo went on. Presumably, though, while some Yahoos are feeling it, others are hanging around at home in their pajamas, for the memo went onto say that from June all Yahoos will be required to turn up in the off

25、ice unless they have a good excuse. “The best is yet to come,“ the memo endeda claim which may sound implausible to the employees of a company whose market capitalisation has fallen from $ 125 billion in 2000 to $ 25 billion now.It is understandable that Marissa Mayer, Yahoos recently appointed chie

26、f executive, should want to extract some more value from the employees she leads. Googles workers each generate $ 931,657 revenue, 160% more than the $ 353, 657 produced by each of Yahoos employees.And it is also reasonable for a company to want to discourage its employees from behaving like freelan

27、ces. After all, firms exist largely because people are more productive together than apart.But tying the Yahoos to their stalls in the companys offices does not seem like the right way to go about boosting their output. Plenty of evidence suggests that letting employees work from home is good for pr

28、oductivity. It allows them to use their time more efficiently and to spend more time with their families and less fuming in traffic jams or squashed on trains. It can reduce companies costs. Cisco claimed in 2009 that it was saving $ 277m a year by allowing its people to teleeommute. A study by rese

29、archers at Stanford and Beijing Universities of a large Chinese travel company compared the performance of employees allowed to work from home with those who were stuck in the office: among the home-workers, job satisfaction rose, staff turnover fell by half and productivity went up by 13%. Hardly s

30、urprising, since a lot of people dont seem to work while they are at work; last year J. C. Penney, an American retailer, discovered that a third of its headquarters bandwidth was taken up by employees watching YouTube videos.11 The novel “Gullivers Travels“ is mentioned to_.（A）introduce the topic of

31、 “Yahoos“（B） show that Yahoos are a degraded group（C） praise the great works of Jonathan Swift（D）describe Yahoos human-resource manager12 We know from Paragraph 2 that_.（A）most Yahoos can feel the busy atmosphere in their offices（B） some Yahoos always dont come to work with a good excuse（C） the memo

32、 may sound irrational to many of Yahoos employees（D）employees are to blame for the shrink of Yahoos market value13 The third paragraph shows us that_.（A）Googles employees are less productive than Yahoos（B） People become less productive when they are separated（C） It is reasonable for a company to enc

33、ourage its employees to behave freely（D）Marissa Mayer wants to share more value with the employees she leads14 What can be concluded from the last paragraph?（A）Confining the employees in the office can promote their output.（B） Working at home is advantageous for boosting productivity.（C） Working in

34、the office can reduce the companys costs.（D）Staying at home makes people work less efficiently.15 The authors attitude towards working at home seems to be_.（A）biased（B） indifferent（C） impartial（D）favorable15 “ We will safeguard Britains credit rating with a credible plan to eliminate the bulk of the

35、 structural deficit over a parliament,“ read the 2010 Conservative manifesto. Well, so much for that. The decision by Moodys, one of the three big rating agencies, to downgrade Britain from Aaa to Aal on February 22nd was a colossal embarrassment. Moodys now ranks Britains credit lower than that of

36、Luxembourg or the Isle of Man.Will the downgrade harm the economy? In the past countries with lower credit ratings have had to pay higher borrowing costs. But neither America, which was downgraded in 2011 , or France, which suffered a similar fate last year, has suffered much.It is hard to spot an i

37、mmediate impact in Britain, either. Investors had expected the ratings agencies to act after last years autumn statement revealed that the government was struggling to reduce its deficit on schedule. The two other big ratings agenciesFitch and Standard figures released on February 27th showed that G

38、DP had shrunk by 0. 3% in the fourth quarter of 2012 and is still 3% smaller than it was in the first quarter of 2008. Growth forecasts for the next few years were lowered in the autumn statement.16 According to the text, Moodys is_.（A）an agency that helps parliament to deal with deficit（B） a depart

39、ment that supervises other government sectors（C） an agency that involves and makes decisions on credit rating（D）an organization that helps protect the countrys credit rating17 The downgrade of credit ranking will_.（A）force a country to pay higher tax（B） safeguard a countrys benefits（C） lead to bankr

40、uptcy of a country（D）do harm to a countrys economy18 Britain has subjected to the situation that_.（A）its currency value has declined against dollar and euro（B） its government was struggling to reduce its foreign debt（C） ratings agencies have taken action to lower its credit ratings（D）Fitch and Stand

41、ard & Poors have watched Britain since 201119 We can infer from the last two paragraphs that_.（A）yen has been the weakest currency of 2013（B） investors are now careful about Britains assets（C） fitch noted that Britains economic performance was poor（D）statistics released on Feb 27th showed that GDP h

42、ad grown20 The best title for the text is_.（A）The Decline of Economy（B） The Credit Rating by Moodys（C） Britains Downgrade And Its Impact（D）Britains Deficit And Its Solutions考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷 10 答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C

43、 or D. (40 points)【知识模块】 阅读1 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据选项A中的关键词 the EU 定位到第一段的首句，其中 the EU=the EuropeanUnion； reach an agreement=reach a deal；curb bankers compensation=control bankers compensation，故选项A 是原文首句的同义转换，故为答案。根据选项B中的 bonuses 一词定位到该段首句，其中选项中的considerably 对应原文的 drastically；其余部分保持不变。但是原文关键词 limit，被替换成选

44、项中的 increase，故该项错误。根据选项C 中的 Britain 定位到该段第二句，原文说的是 Britain 拒绝，而选项说的是同意，而选项后面内容和原文是一致的，故该选项是错的。根据选项D定位到该段最后一句： The deal has to be agreed on by finance ministriesnext week说明这个协议还未被通过，而选项说的是 The deal has been agreed on by finance ministries故错误。【知识模块】 阅读2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 该题四个选项的主语都是 the Royal Bank of Sco

45、tland，而问题已经锁定在了第二自然段，我们来一一分析。选项A中提到 completely possessed by the British taxpayer(被英国纳税人完全占有 )；而原文说的是 still majority owned by the British taxpayer(大部分仍然被英国纳税人拥有)，故选项A 错误。选项B对应该段中间部分:reported an annual pre-tax loss of52 billion原文提及苏格兰皇家银行亏损很大，并未提到 bankruptcy 这样的字眼，故选项B错误。原文提到 RBS reported an annual pr

46、etax loss of 52 billion，mostly because of anaccounting quirk，而选项C说的是 suffered the loss due to an accounting quirk，即使不认识 quirk 这个词，至少我们知道选项C和原文几乎是原词复现，故为答案。选项D 中出现的 financial crisis 在该段并未涉及，故属于无中生有。【知识模块】 阅读3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 语义题需要在文章上下文寻找同义替换信息，而且一般过于表面的选项往往不太可能是答案。选项Aput in the darkness 和原文 put in th

47、e shade 几乎是一样的，并非文章所表达的意思。剩下的三项中，选项B表达的意思是“相比之下没什么大不了的”，即没那么严重；选项C表达的意思是 “更严重”；选项D表达的意思是“最严重”。而原文提到 RBS 损失了 52 亿英镑，而 Bankia 的损失是190 亿英镑，因此相比而言 RBS 的损失没那么严重，故答案为选项B。短语 put in the shade 在此处可以理解为 “相形见绌”。【知识模块】 阅读4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据大写的 McKinsey 可以定位到第四段。选项A 对应该段首句：A report byMcKinsey underlined the impa

48、ct of the financial crisis而选项A说：McKinseys report has emphasized the influence of financial crisis其中underline=emphasize；impact=influence。故选项 A和原文是同义替换。选项B对应该段第二行：原文提及 financial gloablisation 这一词，但并未提到该选项中的stress the importance，故选项B是错误的。选项C关键词是 inflectionpoint，在该段的第三行我们可以找到这个词，但原文还是未提到它的影响。故选项C也是错误的。选

49、项D 中的关键词 “Balkanised”structure 非常容易定位。该题的BC和D三个选项都提及原文涉及的三个不同概念的词，但是均未提及它们的影响，该项中的 impact 一词是无中生有。故我们可以再次确认B、C 和D都不是答案，答案为选项A 。【知识模块】 阅读5 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 根据题干中的 India 一词可定位到最后一段。题干中的 opponents对应最后一句中的 the opposition；economic projection 对应 official forecast says that the economy故将答案锁定到最后一句。该句指出:but the opposition is quick to point out that the estimate for this yearw