BS ISO 7176-26-2007 Wheelchairs Vocabulary《轮椅 词汇表》.pdf

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1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58ICS 01.040.11; 11.180.10Wheelchairs Part 26: VocabularyBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 7176-26:2007BS ISO 71

2、76-26:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 53291 7appropriate to ensure that they can be understood by the intended reader, user and/or carer.This publication does not purport to include all

3、the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsThe UK committee is concerned that the terminology used in this internat

4、ional standard, which will be familiar to those involved in the wheelchair prescribing and manufacturing process, is not appropriate for many equipment users or carers.Therefore, readers of this part of ISO 7176 should take this into account when preparing pre-sales literature or instructions for us

5、ers, which provide essential information regarding the use and limitations of equipment. Authors should ensure that the language and terminology used in such documents is National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7176-26:2007. It supersedes BS 6937:1988 which is withdraw

6、n. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee CH/173, Assistive products for persons with disability, to Subcommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Reference numberISO 7176-26:

7、2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO7176-26First edition2007-04-15Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary Fauteuils roulants Partie 26: Vocabulaire BS ISO 7176-26:2007ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Rules and elements used in vocabulary 1 2.1 Rules used in vocabulary . 1 2.2 Org

8、anization of elements used in the vocabulary . 1 3 Abbreviated terms 1 4 Terms and definitions 2 4.1 Wheelchairs and related mobility devices 2 4.2 Wheelchair operators 3 4.3 Overall dimensions . 4 4.4 Drive systems 5 4.5 Wheels 8 4.6 Wheel features . 10 4.7 Postural supports 14 4.8 Postural support

9、 characteristics . 23 4.9 Seating dimensions. 26 4.10 Testing equipment and configuration . 29 4.11 Transportation in a motor vehicle . 31 4.12 Product information 34 Annex A (informative) Characterization of wheelchairs. 36 Bibliography . 38 Alphabetical index . 39 BS ISO 7176-26:2007iv Foreword IS

10、O (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical co

11、mmittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electro

12、technical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the me

13、mber bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identif

14、ying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7176-26 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. This first edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6440:1985), all clauses and annexes of which have been techni

15、cally revised. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determination of static stability Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of the effectiveness of brakes Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheel

16、chairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range Part 5: Determination of overall dimensions, mass and turning space Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions Part 8: Requiremen

17、ts and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electric wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces Part 14: Power and control

18、 systems for electric wheelchairs Requirements and test methods Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling Part 16: Resistance to ignition of upholstered parts Requirements and test methods BS ISO 7176-26:2007v Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use in motor veh

19、icles Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 22: Set-up procedures Part 23: Requirements and test methods for attendant-operated stair-climbing devices Part 24: Requirements and test methods for user-op

20、erated stair-climbing devices Part 25: Requirements and test methods for batteries and their chargers for electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 26: Vocabulary BS ISO 7176-26:2007vi Introduction The provision and selection of wheelchairs and associated seating products relies o

21、n clear communication of information relating to these devices. Over time, many terms and definitions have evolved. Unfortunately, this process has resulted in a lack of clear meaning for some terms and duplication of other terms (sometimes with conflicting messages). For example, the terms tilt and

22、 recline are sometimes used interchangeably, but usually have quite distinct meanings. If used inappropriately, an entirely inappropriate wheelchair may be specified or purchased. The purpose of this part of ISO 7176 is to provide a collection of terms and their definitions to form the basis of clea

23、r communication across the field of wheelchair and associated seating and to eliminate confusion from duplication or inappropriate use of terms. The vocabulary is drawn from surveys of the literature and language used by experts in this field. It excludes, however, terms which are adequately defined

24、 in the everyday language of English, medicine and technology. ISO 7176 recognises that there are a number of terms in use which, because of duplication or inadequacies of meaning, should be replaced by terms from this vocabulary. To help people move towards a common vocabulary, these deprecated ter

25、ms are included along with a reference to the preferred term. The development and application of wheelchair standards is particularly dependent upon clear and consistent terms and definitions. Hence, a major proportion of this part of ISO 7176 includes terms and definitions used in more than one of

26、the ISO standards specifically related to ISO Wheelchair Standards. These include the ISO 7176, ISO 10542, and ISO 16840 series, and ISO 7193. Future standards in these series will cite this document for definition of terms wherever possible, thus facilitating the consistent use of a common vocabula

27、ry. This part of ISO 7176 is intended purely as a means of specifying terms and definitions. It does not attempt to classify wheelchairs and associated seating into any classification of device groupings as this is the purpose of ISO 9999. Annex A provides a standard set of descriptors for character

28、izing wheelchairs. BS ISO 7176-26:20071Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies a vocabulary consisting of terms and definitions used in the field of manual and electrically powered wheelchairs (including scooters) and associated seating systems. This part of ISO 7176

29、includes, but is not limited to, the preferred terms used in two or more ISO standards of the ISO 7176, ISO 10542, and ISO 16840 series, but does not include terms considered to be adequately defined in everyday English. NOTE 1 In addition to terms used in the three official ISO languages (English,

30、French and Russian), this International Standard gives the equivalent terms in United States English; these are published under the responsibility of the member body/National Committee for the United States. However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as

31、 ISO terms and definitions. NOTE 2 Annex A provides a standard set of descriptors for characterizing wheelchairs. 2 Rules and elements used in vocabulary 2.1 Rules used in vocabulary Most terms defined are used in more than one of the ISO standards relating specifically to wheelchairs and seating su

32、pports. Terms used in only one of these standards, are defined in the terms and definitions clause of that standard. Within Clause 4, terms are organized by function. Terms (and the function) can be further specified by adding an adjective as shown in 4.8. 2.2 Organization of elements used in the vo

33、cabulary The structure used throughout the nomenclature is based upon ISO 10241. 3 Abbreviated terms ATD anthropometric test device PSD postural support device RLG reference loader gauge UDIG universal docking interface geometry WTORS wheelchair-tiedown and occupant-restraint system BS ISO 7176-26:2

34、0072 4 Terms and definitions 4.1 Wheelchairs and related mobility devices 4.1.1 wheelchair device to provide wheeled mobility with a seating support system for a person with impaired mobility NOTE A walking aid with wheels is not a wheelchair. 4.1.2 manual wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) which relies

35、on an occupant (4.2.2) or an assistant (4.2.3) to provide power for its operation 4.1.3 handrim-drive wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) designed to be propelled and steered using handrims (4.5.11) 4.1.4 lever-drive wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) intended to be propelled and steered by a lev

36、er or levers 4.1.5 foot-propelled wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) designed to be propelled and steered by contact of the occupants (4.2.2) foot or feet with the floor 4.1.6 push wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) intended to be pushed by an assistant (4.2.3) 4.1.7 aisle wheelchair push wheelc

37、hair (4.1.6) intended to be used in narrow aisles such as on aircraft 4.1.8 electrically powered wheelchair e chair (deprecated) electric wheelchair (deprecated) powered chair (deprecated) powered wheelchair (deprecated) wheelchair (4.1.1) in which the motor power is derived from an integral source

38、of electric power NOTE A scooter (4.1.9) is an electrically powered wheelchair. 4.1.9 scooter electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a tiller (4.4.7) to control direct steering (4.4.8) 4.1.10 electrically powered wheelchair with integral seat electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a seat

39、ing system (4.7.2) and drive system that cannot be separated 4.1.11 powerbase wheelchair electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a powerbase (4.4.3) 4.1.12 balancing wheelchair electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) that electronically maintains the balance of the wheelchair BS ISO 7176-26:200

40、734.1.13 rigid wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) with frame components under the seat that are fixed and non-foldable 4.1.14 folding wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) with frame components under the seat which can be collapsed 4.1.15 shower wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) intended to be used in the shower 4.1

41、.16 toilet wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) intended to be used over a toilet 4.1.17 stand-up wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) capable of transporting an occupant (4.2.2) in a seated position and which also has the capability to raise and maintain the occupant in a stand-up position 4.1.18 stair-climbing

42、device device intended to transport a person or an occupied wheelchair by climbing up or down stairs, but that is not fixed to the stairs 4.1.19 stair-climbing chair stair-climbing device (4.1.18) that includes a seat for the occupant (4.2.2) 4.1.20 stair-climbing wheelchair carrier stair-climbing d

43、evice (4.1.18) that carries an occupied wheelchair 4.2 Wheelchair operators 4.2.1 operator person who operates the wheelchair NOTE Can be either the occupant or the assistant. 4.2.2 occupant user (deprecated) person supported by the wheelchair seating system (4.7.2) 4.2.3 assistant attendant (deprec

44、ated) carer (deprecated) person, other than the occupant (4.2.2), who manoeuvres the wheelchair BS ISO 7176-26:20074 4.3 Overall dimensions 4.3.1 overall length distance between the most forward and most rearward points of the wheelchair when it is ready for use, measured in a direction parallel to

45、the forward direction of movement NOTE The measurement methods are specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.2 overall width distance between the outermost side-to-side points of the wheelchair when fully opened and ready for use, measured in a direction perpendicular to the forward direction of movement NOTE Th

46、e measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.3 overall height vertical distance from the ground to the uppermost point of the wheelchair when it is ready for use with the back support (4.7.9) in the upright position NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.4 stowage length

47、 distance between the most forward and most rearward points of the wheelchair when folded and/or dismantled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.5 stowage width overall width folded (deprecated) distance between the two outermost side-to-side

48、points of the wheelchair when folded and/or dismantled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.6 stowage height overall height folded (deprecated) vertical distance from the ground to the uppermost point of the wheelchair when folded and/or disma

49、ntled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.7 wheelbase distance between the ground contact points of the front and rear wheels of the wheelchair, measured in a direction parallel to the forward direction of movement NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.8 ground clearance shortest distance between the ground and any part of the wheelchair that is not a wheel NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. BS ISO 71