ASTM G99-2005(2016) Standard Test Method for Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus《用针盘仪进行磨损试验的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: G99 05 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forWear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G99; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure fordetermining the wear of materials during sliding using apin-on-disk apparatus. Mate
3、rials are tested in pairs undernominally non-abrasive conditions. The principal areas ofexperimental attention in using this type of apparatus tomeasure wear are described. The coefficient of friction mayalso be determined.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other uni
4、ts of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regu
5、latory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying ObservationsG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and ErosionG117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures ofPrecision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-sion Tests2.2 DIN Stand
6、ard:3DIN 50324 Testing of Friction and Wear3. Summary of Test Method3.1 For the pin-on-disk wear test, two specimens are re-quired. One, a pin with a radiused tip, is positioned perpen-dicular to the other, usually a flat circular disk. A ball, rigidlyheld, is often used as the pin specimen. The tes
7、t machinecauses either the disk specimen or the pin specimen to revolveabout the disk center. In either case, the sliding path is a circleon the disk surface. The plane of the disk may be orientedeither horizontally or vertically.NOTE 1Wear results may differ for different orientations.3.1.1 The pin
8、 specimen is pressed against the disk at aspecified load usually by means of an arm or lever and attachedweights. Other loading methods have been used, such ashydraulic or pneumatic.NOTE 2Wear results may differ for different loading methods.3.2 Wear results are reported as volume loss in cubicmilli
9、metres for the pin and the disk separately. When twodifferent materials are tested, it is recommended that eachmaterial be tested in both the pin and disk positions.3.3 The amount of wear is determined by measuring appro-priate linear dimensions of both specimens before and after thetest, or by weig
10、hing both specimens before and after the test. Iflinear measures of wear are used, the length change or shapechange of the pin, and the depth or shape change of the diskwear track (in millimetres) are determined by any suitablemetrological technique, such as electronic distance gaging orstylus profi
11、ling. Linear measures of wear are converted to wearvolume (in cubic millimetres) by using appropriate geometricrelations. Linear measures of wear are used frequently inpractice since mass loss is often too small to measure precisely.If loss of mass is measured, the mass loss value is converted tovol
12、ume loss (in cubic millimetres) using an appropriate valuefor the specimen density.3.4 Wear results are usually obtained by conducting a testfor a selected sliding distance and for selected values of loadand speed. One set of test conditions that was used in aninterlaboratory measurement series is g
13、iven in Table 1 andTable 2 as a guide. Other test conditions may be selecteddepending on the purpose of the test.3.5 Wear results may in some cases be reported as plots ofwear volume versus sliding distance using different specimensfor different distances. Such plots may display non-linearrelationsh
14、ips between wear volume and distance over certainportions of the total sliding distance, and linear relationshipsover other portions. Causes for such differing relationships1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wearand Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcom
15、mittee G02.40 on Non-Abrasive Wear.Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as G99 05 (2010). DOI:10.1520/G0099-05R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Se
16、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN- DIN Deutsches Institut furNormung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http:/www.en.din.de.Copyright A
17、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1include initial “break-in” processes, transitions between re-gions of different dominant wear mechanisms, and so forth.The extent of such non-linear periods depends on the details ofthe test system
18、, materials, and test conditions.3.6 It is not recommended that continuous wear depth dataobtained from position-sensing gages be used because of thecomplicated effects of wear debris and transfer films present inthe contact gap, and interferences from thermal expansion orcontraction.4. Significance
19、 and Use4.1 The amount of wear in any system will, in general,depend upon the number of system factors such as the appliedload, machine characteristics, sliding speed, sliding distance,the environment, and the material properties. The value of anywear test method lies in predicting the relative rank
20、ing ofmaterial combinations. Since the pin-on-disk test method doesnot attempt to duplicate all the conditions that may beexperienced in service (for example; lubrication, load,TABLE 1 Characteristics of the Interlaboratory Wear Test SpecimensNOTE 1See Note 4 for information.Composition (weight% ) M
21、icrostructure Hardness (HV 10)RoughnessARz(mean) (m) Ra(mean) (m)Steel ball (100 Cr6) (AISI 52 100)BDiameter 10 mm1.35 to 1.65 Cr0.95 to 1.10 C0.15 to 0.35 Si0.25 to 0.45 Mnmartensitic with minor carbidesand austenite838 21 0.100 0.010Steel disc (100 Cr6) (AISI 52 100)CDiameter 40 mm 0.030 P0.030 Sm
22、artensitic with minor carbidesand austenite852 14 0.952 0.113Alumina ball, diameter = 10 mmDAlumina disc, diameter = 40.6 mmD95 % Al2O3(with addi-tives of TiO2,MgO, and ZnO)equi-granular alpha aluminawith very minor secondaryphases1610 101 (HV 0.2)1599 144 (HV 0.2)1.3690.9680.1230.041AMeasured by st
23、ylus profilometry. Rzis maximum peak-to-valley roughness. Rais arithmetic average roughness.BStandard ball-bearing balls (SKF).CStandard spacers for thrust bearings (INA).DManufactured by Compagnie Industrielle des Ceramiques Electroniques, France.TABLE 2 Results of the Interlaboratory TestsANOTE 1
24、See Note 4.NOTE 2Numbers in parentheses refer to all data received in the tests. In accordance with Practice E178, outlier data values were identified in somecases and discarded, resulting in the numbers without parentheses. The differences are seen to be small.NOTE 3Values preceded by are one stand
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