ASTM F910-2004(2015) Standard Specification for Face Guards for Youth Baseball《青少年棒球用面罩的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: F910 04 (Reapproved 2015) An American National StandardStandard Specification forFace Guards for Youth Baseball1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision,

2、the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONIn baseball, or similar sports, where the force of a pitched, hit, or deflected ball can cause facialinjur

3、y, there is a need for head, facial, eye, and teeth protection. After careful consideration of themechanisms and forces involved in this context, this specification for eye and facial protectiveequipment has been prepared.The impact test is designed to approximate the impact of a direct perpendicula

4、r blow from abaseball traveling at 30 m/s (67.1 mph). These speeds have been confirmed by actual measurementson baseballs thrown by youth league pitchers. Performance and design requirements developed on thisbasis are intended to minimize injury and to prolong the useful life of the equipment. Howev

5、er,because of complex interactions of variables such as ball speed, direction and point of impact, andparticularly, individual differences in reaction to impact forces, it must be kept in mind that someinjuries, even some serious injuries, are still possible.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers pro

6、tective face guards forsports such as youth baseball (batters and baserunners).1.2 This type of face guard is designed to be attached to apre-existing helmet.1.3 The equipment covered by this specification is intendedto reduce hazards of injury to the face, including eyes andmouth, due to impacts fr

7、om baseballs or softballs.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 5, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to ad

8、dress all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. General Requirements2.1 Materials:2.1.1 The design of

9、the face guards and the choice ofmaterials shall be such as to combine mechanical strength anddurability consistent with the intended use of the equipment.2.1.2 Materials coming into contact with the wearers faceshall not be a type known to cause skin irritation or disease,and shall not undergo sign

10、ificant loss of strength, flexibility, orother physical change as a result of contact with perspiration,oil, or grease from the wearers head or skin.2.2 FinishesAll points shall be well finished, and free ofsharp edges or other irregularities that would present potentialhazards of scratching and cut

11、ting the user or an opposingplayer.2.3 PaddingWhere padded chin straps are used, the pad-ding material shall be attached to the device in such a way asto cover all the hard surfaces that come into contact with thechin. The method of securing padding shall maintain thepadding material in position und

12、er normal conditions of heat,cold, moisture, or force distortion by the wearer. Any adhesiveused to attach the padding to the face guard shall be of such atype as to cause no deterioration or stress of the face guardmaterial.2.4 Attachment SystemFace guards shall be attached to thehelmet in such a w

13、ay as to avoid reduction of the degree ofprotection offered by the helmet or the combination of helmetand guard. The protection offered by the helmet or guard shallbe considered impaired if there is visual evidence of stress tothe helmet or guard or any disengagement of the guardfollowing the tests

14、as set forth in 5.3 or while in use.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.53 on Headgear and Helmets.Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Ori

15、ginallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F910 04(2010). DOI:10.1520/F0910-04R15.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Performance Requirements3.1 All testing shall be done with the face guard mou

16、nted ona helmet of a make or model specified by the face guardmanufacturer and placed on a headform as specified in 5.1.1.3.2 Impact Requirements:3.2.1 When testing in accordance with Section 5, the fol-lowing applies:FIG. 1 Face Guard and Helmet on HeadformFIG. 2 Schematic of the Ball Propelling Ap

17、paratusF910 04 (2015)23.2.1.1 The wire face guard shall be deemed a failure if anyweld completely separates or if any fractures in the wirebetween any two welds occur on any specimen as a result ofimpact.3.2.1.2 The plastic face guard shall be deemed a failure ifany full-thickness cracks or fracture

18、s occur on any specimen asa result of impact.3.2.1.3 The protection by the face guard shall be deemed afailure if the face guard becomes disengaged from the helmetduring testing in accordance with 5.3.3.2.2 Neither the ball nor the face guard may contact ZoneAofFig. 4. The ball may not contact Zone

19、B, but the faceguard may contact Zone B as the result of deflection by theball. No paste shall be left on the ball (from Zone A or B) or onFIG. 3 Headform with Pressure Indicator Paste on Facial AreaFIG. 4 No Contact AreaF910 04 (2015)3any part of the face guard (from Zone A) as a result of theimpac

20、t specified in 5.3.1. Paste residue transferred from “nocontact areas” as determined above and in Fig. 4 will constitutea failure. The paste can be colored using a food coloring orother suitable material in order to apply different colors to ZoneA and Zone B so that areas of facial contact are more

21、easilydistinguishable when examining the ball and face guard.4. Sample Preparation4.1 Test only face guards as offered for sale and only whenattached to an appropriate helmet.4.2 Condition face guards at the temperatures of 36 6 2C(97 6 4F) and at 10 6 2C (50 6 4F) for a minimum periodof 4 h prior t

22、o test. The face guard will be tested within 3 minfrom removal from the conditioning environment. The faceguard/helmet assemblies may be returned to the conditioningenvironment in order to meet this requirement. Prior to theresumption of testing, specimens must remain in the condition-ing environmen

23、t for a minimum of 15 min for each period upto 5 min long that they are out of the conditioning environment.4.3 Assemble face guards to the helmets in accordance withinstructions provided. (See 7.1.)5. Impact Test Method5.1 Apparatus for Impact Tests:5.1.1 Headform2,3and MountingThe face guard/helme

24、tassemblies shall be fitted on the medium NOCSAE head form(see Fig. 1) for impact tests. Attach the head form to amounting plate. The mounting plate2,4is to be assembled tolinear bearings and guide rods so that the head form is free tomove directionally in relation to the impact.Fiftieth PercentileM

25、edium Size (678 to 714)5.1.2 Ball Propelling DeviceThe ball propelling deviceshall consist of an apparatus which has the capability ofpropelling a regulation baseball or softball that complies withNCAA rules at velocities up to 36 m/s (80 mph). The accuracyof this system shall be such that the cente

26、r of the ball will strike2If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee1, which you may attend.3The sole source of supply of the appar

27、atus known to the committee at this timeis National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE),P.O. Box 12200, Overland Park, KS 66282-2290. (See Section NOCSAE Document.001 Standard Drop Test Method and Equipment Used in Evaluating the Perfor-mance Characteristics of Protectiv

28、e Headgear, Fig. 1.)4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Standard Method of Impact Test and Performance Requirements for Baseball/Softball Batters Helmets, c/o National Operating Committee on Standards forAthletic Equipment (NOCSAE), P.O. Box 12200, Overl

29、and Park, KS 66282-2290.(See section describing test equipment apparatus.)FIG. 5 Standard Mouth and Eye Impact LocationsF910 04 (2015)4the impacting surface within a 2.5-cm (1-in.) circle at the planeof testing. (A schematic diagram of a suggested apparatusappears in Fig. 2.)5.1.3 Gage, or similar d

30、evice shall be included as a part ofthe apparatus so that the air pressure for each impact can bemonitored.5.2 Velocity MeasurementThe velocity of the baseball orsoftball shall be measured at a distance within 1 m (39.4 in.) ofthe impact point on the face guard when mounted on the helmetand headform

31、. (Some suggested devices for measuring velocityare photocells, phototransistors, light-emitting diodes, or othervelocity meters with appropriate read-out devices.)5.3 Procedure:5.3.1 Ten face guards are to be tested. The face guards to betested are to be mounted on batting helmets in accordance wit

32、hthe manufacturers specifications. Each of the ten face guard/helmet assemblies is to be impacted one time as specified in thefollowing chart:SampleNumberSampleTemperatureImpact Location1 36 2C(97 4F)directly at the mouth2 36 2C(97 4F)directly at the right eye3 36 2C(97 4F)directly at the left eye4

33、36 2C(97 4F)random at structure, anywhere within Zones A orBA5 36 2C(97 4F)directly at the center of the largest opening,anywhere within Zones A or BA6 10 2C(50 4F)directly at the mouth7 10 2C(50 4F)directly at the right eye8 10 2C(50 4F)directly at the left eye9 10 2C(50 4F)random at structure, any

34、where within Zones A orBA10 10 2C(50 4F)directly at the center of the largest opening,anywhere within Zones A or BAAFor random impacts, the head model position and direction of ball travel is at thediscretion of the technician provided that the direction of ball travel results in animpact that falls

35、 within Zones A or B of the head model test area.5.3.2 VelocityThe ball velocity for each impact in eachdirection shall be 30 6 2.2 m/s (67.1 6 4.9 mph).5.3.3 Verification of Ball ContactFor verification of ballor protector contact with the face, cover the entire facial areafrom the frontal bone sup

36、eriorly to the mandible inferiorly withdental pressure indicator paste.5(See Fig. 3.) Contact of eitherball or protector with any part of the face will leave paste at thepoint of contact. Inspect thoroughly both the ball and protectorto determine if they contain residue of paste.5.3.4 All of the imp

37、acts specified in 5.3.1 shall be made ateach of the two temperatures called for in 4.2.5Available through dental supply sources.FIG. 6F910 04 (2015)56. Precision and Bias6.1 No statement is made about either the precision or thebias of the test method described in Section 5 since the resultmerely st

38、ates whether there is conformance to the criteria forsuccess specified in the procedure.7. Product Marking7.1 Markings should show manufacturer, date ofmanufacture, and brands and model names of helmets onwhich the guard can be used to meet the requirements of thisspecification.7.2 Face guards offer

39、ed for sale shall include detailedinstructions for their assembly, use, emergency removal, and awarning to users that the face guard must be discarded if, afterbeing impacted during use, or for any other reason, it showsany signs of damage, distortion from original shape, orweakening. In addition, i

40、nformation shall be provided regard-ing any known harmful effects from cleaning agents, paintingagents, or antifog material.8. Keywords8.1 baseball; face guard; headform; helmet; NOCSAE; soft-ballASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection

41、 with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible t

42、echnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful conside

43、ration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr

44、 Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 04 (2015)6