ASTM F445-1988(2004)e1 Consumer Safety Specification for Thermal-Shock-Preventing Devices and Systems in Showering Areas《淋浴区域内防急冷急热装置和系统的安全使用规范》.pdf
《ASTM F445-1988(2004)e1 Consumer Safety Specification for Thermal-Shock-Preventing Devices and Systems in Showering Areas《淋浴区域内防急冷急热装置和系统的安全使用规范》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM F445-1988(2004)e1 Consumer Safety Specification for Thermal-Shock-Preventing Devices and Systems in Showering Areas《淋浴区域内防急冷急热装置和系统的安全使用规范》.pdf(2页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: F 445 88 (Reapproved 2004)e1Standard Consumer Safety Specification forThermal-Shock-Preventing Devices and Systems inShowering Areas1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 445; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in
2、the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTEUpdated warning note in 6.2.2.1 and added keywords editorially in August 2004.INTRODUCTIO
3、NThis consumer safety specification addresses certain hazards in connection with shower areas2andis directed toward thermal shock.The general requirements of this specification are intended to establish a maximum allowabledischarge temperature and provide for automatic compensation if that temperatu
4、re is exceeded, orlimit temperature changes that are potentially dangerous, or both.This specification establishes the necessary requirements to ensure safety from thermal shock duringshowering for both the normal user capacity and limited user capacity of some aged, infirm, or young.These requireme
5、nts can be attained through the utilization of devices, series of devices, or plumbingsystem designs, which are available in the marketplace. Many of these devices are applicable to bothnew construction and retrofit installations. Specifications for the reliability and testing of these devicesand sy
6、stems are available in most cases from such organizations as the American National StandardsInstitute or the American Society of Sanitary Engineering.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers thermal-shock-preventing devices and systems delivering water toshowering areas.1.2 This specifi
7、cation establishes the minimum performancerequirements for the devices and systems to minimize the risksassociated with the hazards of thermal shock.2. Terminology2.1 check valvevalve designed to allow the flow of waterin one direction only.2.2 devicepiece of equipment or mechanism designed toserve
8、a special purpose or perform a special function.2.3 mixing valvedevice for mixing cold and hot water toproduce an intermediate temperature as required, either manu-ally, pressure-equalizing, or thermostatically controlled, andwhich is adjustable manually or by other means.2.4 safety shut-off devicem
9、aximum temperature-limitingdevice that reduces the flow of water to a specified amount.2.5 scaldfirst-, second-, or third-degree burn injurycaused by the contact of hot water on the skin.2.6 showering areabathing space that consists of a tub,tub-shower, or shower stall bounded by four walls, real or
10、imaginary, extending vertically to the ceiling from the outsideedge of the tub or stall.2.7 stop-check valvevalve designed to allow the flow ofwater in one direction only and which also has the capability tocontrol the supply of water.2.8 stop valvevalve used for the control of water supply.2.9 ther
11、mal shockchange in temperature that is rapid andgreat enough to produce a potentially hazardous reaction.2.10 water outletdischarge opening through which wateris supplied to a bathing area.3. Compliance3.1 No device or system produced after the approval date ofthis consumer safety specification shal
12、l either by label or othermeans indicate compliance with this specification unless itconforms to all requirements contained herein.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.03 onSafety Standards for Ba
13、thtub and Shower Structures.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2004. Published August 2004. Originallyapproved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F 445 88 (1999).2“A Systematic Program to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Bathtub andShower Area Injuries,” Abt Associates, Inc., June
14、4, 1975.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. Materials4.1 The materials used in the thermal-shock-preventingdevices or systems shall conform to the following:4.1.1 All parts, external or internal, shall be capable ofres
15、isting deterioration in the environment to which they areexposed to the degree that the intended performance of thedevice or system will not be adversely affected.4.1.2 Any materials in contact with the water flowingthrough the device or system that can in any way contaminatethe water so that it is
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