ASTM F1824-1997(2007) Standard Guide for Performance of a Water Rescuer-Level II《水上救援者工作状况的标准指南-Ⅱ级》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 1824 97 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Guide forPerformance of a Water RescuerLevel II1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for perfor-mance of a water rescuer who performs water rescues from thesurface at lakes, pon

3、ds, quarries, and other similar bodies ofwater; assists with support for rescue divers; and providesinitial patient care at a water emergency.1.2 This guide is one of a series which, together with GuideF 1739, describe the minimum performance requirements of awater rescuer.1.3 Individuals who will o

4、perate in the water setting need tobe aware of the equipment and physical requirements neces-sary to be able to perform all identified objectives andnecessary skills in the setting.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresp

5、onsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1739 Guide for Performance of a Water RescuerLevel I3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 d

6、rysuit, na protective suit that encompasses thewearer, prohibiting water from entering.3.1.2 immersion suit, ndesigned to provide cold waterprotection and buoyancy by one person in cold water emer-gencies.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThese devices should conform to stan-dards set by the appropriate national re

7、gulatory authority, thatis, the U.S. Coast Guard in the United States.3.1.3 personal flotation device, PFD, na buoyant devicesuitable for use by one person in water emergencies.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThese devices should conform to stan-dards set by the appropriate national regulatory authority, thatis,

8、the U.S. Coast Guard in the United States.4. Significance and Use4.1 This guide is to be used to expand the performance ofwater rescuers and improve the emergency response andpatient care delivered to victims in the water and cold waterenvironment at lakes, ponds, quarries, and similar bodies ofwate

9、r.4.2 All persons who are identified as water rescuers shallmeet the requirements of this guide.4.3 This guide is not intended to be used in isolation, but asa component guide, acknowledging various types/conditions atwater emergencies and many duties of response at theseincidents. It also establish

10、es a minimum scope of performanceand encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skills, andattitudinal objectives.4.4 This guide is not for ice, coastal, or river/swiftwaterrescues. There will be additional standards to cover thespecifics for those water characteristics.4.5 This guide does not e

11、stablish water rescue protocols forthe pool, beach, or other area lifeguards.4.6 This guide does not establish medical protocols, nordoes it authorize invasive procedures without specific authori-zation and medical control.4.7 This guide is intended to assist government agencies;state, local, or reg

12、ional organizations; fire departments; marinepatrols; rescue teams; and others who are responsible forestablishing a minimum performance for personnel who re-spond to water emergencies.4.8 A water rescuer shall be wearing a PFD, plus cold waterprotection when applicable.5. Objectives5.1 The water re

13、scuer shall be able to perform the objectivesin Guide F 1739.5.2 The water rescuer shall be able to perform the follow-ing:5.2.1 Swim continuously 274.32 m (300 yd),5.2.2 Perform a head-first surface dive,1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Search andRescue and is the d

14、irect responsibility of Subcommittee F32.03 on Personnel,Training and Education.Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 1824 97(2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, o

15、rcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2.3 Perform a f

16、eet-first surface dive,5.2.4 Perform a stride jump entry,5.2.5 Perform a compact jump entry,5.2.6 Perform an unknown/hazard entry or ease in entry,5.2.7 Perform the approach to victim utilizing a modifiedcrawl or breast stroke and initiate a quick reverse,5.2.8 Perform a swimming extension rescue wi

17、th a rescuetube, type IV PFD, or other buoyant device,5.2.9 Perform a double wrist grip escape,5.2.10 Perform a front head hold escape,5.2.11 Perform a rear head hold escape,5.2.12 Perform an unconscious one arm turn,5.2.13 Perform an unconscious two arm turn,5.2.14 Perform a collar tow,5.2.15 Perfo

18、rm an active and passive victim rear rescue,5.2.16 Perform a multiple victim rear rescue,5.2.17 Perform a submerged victim rescue,5.2.18 Perform the head splint spinal injury technique forboth a face up and face down victim,5.2.19 Perform the head and chin support (vise grip) spinalinjury technique

19、for both a face up and face down victim,5.2.20 Immobilize and backboard the injured person inshallow and deep water; removing the person in such a mannerthat the chance of aggravating injuries is minimized,5.2.21 Perform the walking assist, the beach drag, and twoperson carry,5.2.22 Perform the doub

20、le bounce, rope step assist, loopstirrup, blanket roll, and rope roll to extricate a person from thewater into a boat,5.2.23 Identify the water rescue sequence,5.2.24 Perform a scene evaluation which includes evaluat-ing water conditions, assessing the scene for hazards, numberof victim(s), victim(s

21、) condition, need for additional personnel,need for additional equipment, and take appropriate actionfollowing the rescue sequence by utilizing risk benefit analysis,5.2.25 Perform shore-based reaching and extension rescues,5.2.26 Perform throwing rescue technique using a throwbagand coiled rope thr

22、ows,5.2.27 Perform a tethered swimmer rescue technique utiliz-ing immersion suit, drysuit with PFD, or equivalent,5.2.28 Perform a shallow water search,5.2.29 Perform a deep water line search,5.2.30 Perform a circular or semicircular search,5.2.31 Perform a parallel line search,5.2.32 Provide initia

23、l patient care, and5.2.33 Move the victim(s) in conjunction with patient careactivities in such a manner that the chance of aggravatinginjuries or medical condition is minimized.5.3 Optional ObjectivesThe territory, bodies of water,equipment, personnel, and resources vary among water rescu-ers in ag

24、encies. When emergency response capabilities arelimited, the ability of a water rescuer to perform the tasks in 5.1and 5.2 may be sufficient to ensure satisfactory care. When awater rescuer has a greater variety of responses, territory, andequipment demands, the scope of performance must be ex-pande

25、d accordingly.6. Keywords6.1 rescue; rescuer; water rescue; water rescuerASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity o

26、f any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments a

27、re invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not re

28、ceived a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1824 97 (2007)2