ASTM F152-1995(2017) Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials《非金属衬垫材料拉伸试验的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F152 95 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Methods forTension Testing of Nonmetallic Gasket Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F152; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la

2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the deter

3、mination of tensilestrength of certain nonmetallic gasketing materials at roomtemperature. The types of materials covered are those contain-ing asbestos and other inorganic fibers (Type 1), cork (Type 2),cellulose or other organic fiber (Type 3), and flexible graphite(Type 5) as described in Classif

4、ication F104. These testmethods are not applicable to the testing of vulcanized rubber,a method for which is described in Test Methods D412 nor forrubber O-rings, a method for which is described in TestMethods D1414.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in p

5、arentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limi

6、tations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization

7、 TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionD1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-RingsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaborato

8、ry Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodF104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materi-als3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 samplea unit or section of a unit taken from asampling lot.3.1.2 specimena piece of material appropriately shapedand prepared so that it is ready for a t

9、est.3.1.3 tensile strengththe maximum tensile stress appliedduring stretching a specimen to rupture.3.1.4 tensile stressthe applied force per unit or originalcross-sectional area of the specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 These test methods are described in order to standardizeprocedures for determi

10、ning the tensile strength of nonmetallicgasket materials. The measurement of this property character-izes various classes and grades of materials of a given type andin so doing, it will give the manufacturer a measurement of thequality of his product. It also will aid the purchaser of thegasketing m

11、aterials to be able to determine whether the gasketmaterial that he has approved for a given application is beingmanufactured in acceptable quality.4.2 The measurement of this property should not be mis-construed as to give the purchaser of the gasket material anindication of the performance of that

12、 material in application.4.3 The property may be useful in establishing materialspecifications.4.4 Various procedures are given for the different types ofmaterials, and in order to compare the results from onelaboratory to another, it is imperative that the applicableprocedure be selected.4.5 Variou

13、s types of tension-testing apparatus are allowed tobe used. These types of equipment can produce differentindicated results. Laboratories having different equipment mayhave to establish correlations between each other; otherwise,misinterpretation of the test data could result.1These test methods are

14、 under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 onGaskets and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.20 on MechanicalTest Methods.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F152 95 (2009). DOI:10.1520/F015

15、2-95R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,

16、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued

17、 by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. Apparatus5.1 DiesThe inside faces of the dies shall be polished andbe perpendicular to the plane formed by the cutting edges fora depth of at least 5 mm (0.2 in.). The dies shall be sharp andfree of nicks in order to pr

18、event ragged edges on the specimen.5.2 Dial MicrometersIn accordance with 9.1 of Classifi-cation F104.5.3 Testing MachineTension tests shall be made on apower-driven machine, so equipped that a constant rate of gripseparation shall be maintained, and with an indicating orrecording device for measuri

19、ng the resulting force within62 %. The tester shall have two grips and a mechanism forseparating the grips at a uniform rate, which will be maintainedduring the test within 65 % of the desired rate of separation.The grips shall be either wedged or toggle type, designed totransmit the applied force o

20、ver a large surface area of thespecimen.5.3.1 Calibrate the testing machine in accordance withProcedure A of Practices E4.6. Conditioning6.1 Prior to testing, specimens shall be conditioned asfollows:6.1.1 Type 1Specimens shall be conditioned in an oven at100 6 1C (212 6 2F) for 1 h and allowed to c

21、ool to 21 to29C (70 to 85F) in a desiccator containing a suitabledesiccant,3except that asbestos millboard shall be conditionedin an oven for4hat1006 1C (212 6 2F).6.1.2 Type 2Specimens shall be conditioned at least 46 hin a controlled cabinet or room with gentle circulation of the airat 21 to 30C (

22、70 to 85F) and 50 to 55 % relative humidity.6.1.3 Type 3Specimens shall be preconditioned for4hat21 to 29C (70 to 85F) in a desiccator containing anhydrouscalcium chloride. Specimens shall then be transferred to acontrolled humidity cabinet or room with gentle circulation ofthe air and conditioned f

23、or at least 20 h at 21 to 29C (70 to85F) and from 50 to 55 % relative humidity.7. Procedure7.1 Method A, for Asbestos and Other Inorganic Fiber-Containing Nonmetallic Gasket Materials:7.1.1 Prepare the specimens from the sample using Die A(12.7-mm (0.50-in.) width) in accordance with Test MethodsD41

24、2. The lengthwise direction shall be perpendicular to thegrain of the material.7.1.2 Clamp the specimens in the testing jaws so that a116-mm (4-in.) spacing between jaws is used and drive the jawat 305 6 25 mm (12 6 1 in.)/min. Specimens cut with Die B(6.4-mm (0.25-in.) width) in accordance with Tes

25、t MethodsD412, or one 25.4 by 152.4-mm (1 by 6-in.) strip cut by a diein accordance with 7.3.1 may be used when these 12.7-mm(0.50-in.) specimens break at more than 85 % or less than 15 %of the rated capacity when pendulum-type testing machines areused.7.2 Method B, for Cork Compositions and Cork-Ru

26、bberGasket Materials:7.2.1 Prepare the specimens from the sample using a 50.8by 101.5-mm (2 by 4-in.) die.7.2.2 Place the specimens in the jaws so that a 25.4-mm(1-in.) length is gripped and drive the jaw at 305 6 25 mm (126 1 in.)/min.7.3 Method C, for Cellulosic or Other Organic Fiber-Containing G

27、asket Materials:7.3.1 The specimens shall be 25.4 by 152.4 mm (1 by 6 in.).The lengthwise dimension shall be perpendicular to the graindirection of the material.7.3.2 Place them in the machine with a 102-mm (4-in.)distance between the jaws and drive the jaw at 305 6 25 mm(12 6 1 in.)/min. Specimens

28、of 12.7-mm (0.50-in.) width maybe used where necessary to fall within the range of the loadindicator.7.4 Method D, for Flexible Graphite Gasket Materials:7.4.1 The specimens shall be 25.4 by 152.4 mm (1 by 6 in.).The lengthwise dimension shall be parallel to the length of thecoil material.7.4.2 Plac

29、e the specimen in the machine with a 102-mm(4-in.) distance between the jaws and drive the jaw at 12 6 5mm (0.5 6 0.2 in.)/min.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the peak loadby the original cross-sectional area of the specimen andexpressing the results in megapascals or po

30、unds per squareinch.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Complete sample identification, including commercialdesignation,9.1.2 Source,9.1.3 Manufacturer,9.1.4 Date of production, if known,9.1.5 Procedure used (whether A, B, or C),9.1.6 Number of specimens tested from each sample,9.1.7

31、 Type of testing apparatus conditioning, if other thanrecommended,9.1.8 Conditioning, if other than recommended, and9.1.9 Results, reported as the average of all the test speci-mens tested per sample, accompanied by the date of testing.10. Precision and Bias410.1 An interlaboratory test program was

32、conducted on 2types of machines, 5 fixed and 5 movable heads, using 5specimens each of 7 differing materials on 2 different days. Thedata from this program analyzed in accordance with PracticeE691 is tabulated in Table 1.3Anhydrous calcium chloride and silica gel have been determined to be suitabled

33、esiccants.4Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:F03-1010.F152 95 (2017)211. Keywords11.1 cross-section area; peakload; tensile strength; tensilestressASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any

34、patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revis

35、ion at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your c

36、omments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrig

37、hted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (

38、e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Precision and Bias DataNOTE 1Examination of this data demonstrates the differin

39、g test results between the 2 types of machines to be statistically significant, at a 95 %confidence level, for only Materials F and E when 10 specimens were tested at 5 different laboratories. There likely would be no statistically significantdifference if 3 specimens were tested at 2 laboratories.M

40、ovable HeadMaterial Average Repeatability Reproducibility Test Method PrecisionF 513 29.1 24.2 37.8G 2780 86.5 17.7 88.3D 3085 269.8 103.6 289.0A 3195 161.7 271.1 315.6B 3396 214.9 279.4 352.5C 4089 318.0 510.4 601.4E 7712 287.5 229.4 367.8Fixed HeadF 559 29.6 25.5 39.1G 2863 68.7 76.2 102.6D 3142 258.0 217.5 337.4A 3317 148.0 353.1 382.9B 3566 247.2 402.7 472.5C 4155 319.0 277.8 423.0E 8062 389.0 225.0 449.0F152 95 (2017)3