ASTM D4950-2008 Standard Classification and Specification of Automotive Service Greases《汽车保养润滑脂的标准分类和规范》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 4950 08An American National StandardStandard Classification and Specification forAutomotive Service Greases1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4950; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision
2、, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis specification describes current categories of lubricating greases for automotive service-fillapplic
3、ations. A specific designation is assigned to each category. The system is open ended, that is,new designations are assigned for use with new categories as each new set of grease performancecharacteristics is defined. Grease categories are referenced by automotive manufacturers in makinglubrication
4、recommendations and used by grease suppliers and users in identifying products forspecific applications.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers lubricating greases suitable forthe periodic relubrication of chassis systems and wheel bear-ings of passenger cars, trucks, and other vehicles.1.2 This speci
5、fication defines the requirements used todescribe the properties and performance characteristics ofchassis greases and wheel bearing greases for service-fillapplications.1.3 The test requirements (acceptance limits) given in thisspecification are, as the case may be, minimum or maximumacceptable val
6、ues for valid duplicate test results. No additionalcorrections for test precision, such as described in PracticeD 3244, are to be applied inasmuch as the precision of the testmethods was taken into account in the determination of therequirements.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded a
7、sstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4.1 ExceptionTest Method D 2596 reports test results inkgf units. Until that standard is revised, Classification andSpecification D 4950 will show kgf units in parentheses afterthe SI units for information only.2. Referenced Doc
8、uments2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of LubricatingGreaseD 566 Test Method for Dropping Point of LubricatingGreaseD 1264 Test Method for Determining the Water WashoutCharacteristics of Lubricating GreasesD 1742 Test Method for Oil Separation from LubricatingGrease During
9、 StorageD 1743 Test Method for Determining Corrosion PreventiveProperties of Lubricating GreasesD 2265 Test Method for Dropping Point of LubricatingGrease Over Wide Temperature RangeD 2266 Test Method for Wear Preventive Characteristics ofLubricating Grease (Four-Ball Method)D 2596 Test Method for M
10、easurement of Extreme-PressureProperties of Lubricating Grease (Four-Ball Method)D 3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to DetermineConformance with SpecificationsD 3527 Test Method for Life Performance of AutomotiveWheel Bearing GreaseD 4170 Test Method for Fretting Wear Protection by Lubri-c
11、ating GreasesD 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD 4289 Test Method for Elastomer Compatibility of Lubri-cating Greases and Fluids1This classification and specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTMCommittee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is t
12、he direct responsi-bility of Subcommittee D02.B0.04 on Automotive Greases.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008. Published January 2009. Originallypublished in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 495001(2004)1.2This classification and specification was developed as a cooperative effor
13、tamong the American Society for Testing and Materials, the National LubricatingGrease Institute (NLGI), and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand
14、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 4290 Test Method for Determining the Leakage Tenden-cies of Automotive Wheel Bearing Grease Un
15、der Acceler-ated ConditionsD 4693 Test Method for Low-Temperature Torque ofGrease-Lubricated Wheel Bearings2.2 SAE Standards:4AMS 3217A Standard Elastomer Stock-Test SlabsAMS 3217/2B Test Slabs, Acrylonitrile Butadiene (NBR-L)-Low Acrylonitrile, 65-755AMS 3217/3B Test Slabs Chloroprene (CR)-65-75SAE
16、 J310 Automotive Lubricating Greases3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 lubricant, nany material interposed between twosurfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.D 41753.1.2 lubricating grease, na semi-fluid to solid product ofa dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.3.1.2.1 Di
17、scussionThe dispersion of the thickener forms atwo-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant bysurface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredientsimparting special properties are often included. D 2173.1.3 thickener, nin lubricating grease, a substance com-posed of finely-divided pa
18、rticles dispersed in a liquid to formthe products structure.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe thickener can be fibers (such asvarious metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certainnon-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, onlyvery slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The generalrequi
19、rements are that the solid particles be extremely small,uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable,gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D 2173.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 automotive service grease, na lubricating greasesuitable for the periodi
20、c relubrication of serviceable-type,chassis components or wheel bearings of passenger cars,trucks, and other vehicles and distinct from factory-fill greases(also known as initial-fill and OEM greases) initially installedby the original equipment manufacturer.3.2.2 category, nwith respect to automoti
21、ve servicegrease, a designation, such as LB, GC, etc., for a given level ofperformance in standardized tests.3.2.3 chassis grease, nan automotive service grease usedto lubricate ball joints, steering pivots, universal joints, and,other lubrication points designated in the vehicle ownersservice guide
22、.3.2.4 classification, nwith respect to automotive servicegrease, the systematic arrangement into categories according todiffering levels of performance.3.2.5 “G” category group, nautomotive service greasesof such composition, properties, and performance characteris-tics as to be suitable for the se
23、rvice lubrication of those typesof wheel bearings that require periodic relubrication.3.2.6 “L” category group, nautomotive service greases ofsuch composition, properties, and performance characteristicsas to be suitable for the service lubrication of those types ofsuspension, steering, and drive-li
24、ne components that requireperiodic relubrication.3.2.7 multipurpose grease, nan automotive service greasesuitable for both chassis and wheel bearing lubrication.3.2.7.1 DiscussionCommercial lubricating greases otherthan automotive service greases are often designated as mul-tipurpose greases.3.3 Abb
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