ASTM C76-2008a Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert Storm Drain and Sewer Pipe.pdf

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1、Designation: C 76 08aStandard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 76; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi

2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers reinforced concrete

3、 pipeintended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwastes, and storm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion toSpecification C 76M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presentedin this specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that conf

4、orm tothe requirements of C 76M, are acceptable under this Specifi-cation C 76 unless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-tion only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load condition and the

5、 strength classification ofpipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance ofthis product depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, typeof bedding and backfill, and care that installation conforms to theconstruction specifications. The owner of the reinforced concre

6、te pipespecified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the field requirementswith the class of pipe specified and provide inspection at the constructionsite.NOTE 2Attention is called to the specification for reinforced concreteD-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe (Specification C 655).2.

7、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 36/A 36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA 82/A 82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Con-crete ReinforcementA 185/A 185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-forcement, Plain, for ConcreteA 496/A 496M Specification for Steel Wire, Defor

8、med, forConcrete ReinforcementA 497/A 497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-forcement, Deformed, for ConcreteA 615/A 615M Specification for Deformed and PlainCarbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA 706/A 706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel De-formed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinf

9、orcementC33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC 76M Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert,Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe MetricC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-creteC 309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-pounds for

10、Curing ConcreteC 494/C 494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC 497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections,or TileC 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC 655 Specification

11、for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Cul-vert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-FurnaceSlag for Use in Concrete and MortarsC 1017/C 1017M Specification for Chemical Admixturesfor Use in Producing Flowi

12、ng ConcreteC 1116 Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete andShotcrete3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specificationshall be of five classes identified as Class I

13、, Class II, Class III,Class IV, and Class V. The corresponding strength require-ments are prescribed in Tables 1-5.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 onReinforced Sewer and Culvert Pipe.Current e

14、dition approved April 15, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C 76 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informat

15、ion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of,or before placing an order, there

16、are two separate and alterna-tive bases of acceptance. Independent of the method ofacceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in.crack and ultimate strength requirements specified in Tables1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests,Material Tests, and Inspection

17、of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in alldiameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2shall be determined by the results of the three-edge bearingtests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are requiredin 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6;

18、 by an absorption test of the concretefrom the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on anorder; and by visual inspection of the finished pipe to deter-mine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedomfrom defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Tests and Inspec-tio

19、n of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes producedin accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6;by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cy

20、linders;by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipefor each mix design that is used on an order; and by inspectionof the finished pipe including amount and placement ofreinforcement to determine its conformance with the accepteddesign and its freedom from defects.5.1.3 When agree

21、d upon by the owner and manufacturer,any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptance.5.2 Age for AcceptancePipe shall be considered ready foracceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicatedby the specified tests.6. Materials6.1 The a

22、ggregate shall be so sized, graded, proportioned,and mixed with such proportions of Portland cement, blendedhydraulic cement, or Portland cement and supplementarycementing materials, or admixtures, if used, or a combinationthereof, and water to produce a homogenous concrete mixtureTABLE 1 Design Req

23、uirements for Class I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by the owner.The strength test requirements in pounds-force per linear foot of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test loadexpressed in pounds-force per linear foot

24、per foot of diameter) to produce a 0.01-in. crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimateload as specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in feet.D-load to produce a 0.01-in. crack 800D-load to produce the ultimate load 1200InternalDesignatedDiameter,in

25、.Reinforcement, in.2/linear ft of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psiWallThickness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage60 5 0.25 0.15 0.28 6 0.21

26、0.13 0.2366 512 0.30 0.18 0.33 612 0.25 0.15 0.2872 6 0.35 0.21 0.39 7 0.29 0.17 0.3278 612 0.40 0.24 0.44 712 0.32 0.19 0.3684 7 0.45 0.27 0.50 8 0.37 0.22 0.4190 712 0.49 0.29 0.54 812 0.41 0.25 0.4696 8 0.54 0.32 0.60 9 0.46 0.28 0.51Concrete Strength, 5000 psi102 812 0.63 0.38 Inner CircularPlus

27、 Elliptical0.250.38912 0.54 0.32 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.220.32108 9 0.68 0.41 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.270.4110 0.61 0.37 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.240.37114A. . . .A. . . .120A. . . .A. . . .126A. . . .A. . . .132A. . . .A. . . .138A. . . .A. . . .144A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified

28、 or special designs see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C 655. Steel areas may be interpolated between thoseshown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 96 in. in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular pl

29、us one elliptical cage.BAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than t

30、hat specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 1,orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical

31、cage in accordance with Fig. 2.CElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C7608a2of such quality that the pipe will conform to the test and designrequirements of the specification. In no case,

32、 however, shall theproportion of Portland cement, blended hydraulic cement, or acombination of Portland cement and supplementary cementingmaterials be less than 470 lb/yd3.6.2 Cementitious materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsof Specification C 150, or shall be portland blas

33、t-furnace slagcement, or slag modified portland cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements of Specifica-tion C 595, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IPportland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Class II Reinforced Concrete PipeAN

34、OTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by the owner.The strength test requirements in pounds-force per linear foot of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test loadexpressed in pounds-force per linear foot per foot of diameter) to produce a 0.01-in. crac

35、k, or the D-loads to produce the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimateload as specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in feet.D-load to produce a 0.01-in. crack 1000D-load to produce the ultimate load 1500InternalDesig-natedDiameter,in.Reinforcement, in.2/linear ft of pipe wallWal

36、l A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psiWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementCEllipticalReinforcementDInnerCag

37、eOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage12 134 0.07B. . 2 0.07B. . 234 0.07B. .15 178 0.07B. . 214 0.07B. . 3 0.07B. .18 2 0.07B. . . 0.07B212 0.07B. . . 0.07B314 0.07B. . . 0.07B21 214 0.12 . . . 0.10 234 0.07B. . . 0.07B312 0.07B. . . 0.07B24 212 0.13 . . . 0.11 3 0.07B. . . 0.07B334 0.07B.

38、. . 0.07B27 258 0.15 . . . 0.13 314 0.13 . . . 0.11 4 0.07B. . . 0.07B30 234 0.15 . . . 0.14 312 0.14 . . . 0.12 414 0.07B. . . 0.07B33 278 0.16 . . . 0.15 334 0.15 . . . 0.13 412 0.07B. . . 0.07B36 3 0.14 0.08 0.15 4E0.12 0.07 0.13 434E0.07 0.07 0.0842 312 0.16 0.10 0.18 412 0.15 0.09 0.17 514 0.10

39、 0.07 0.1148 4 0.21 0.13 0.23 5 0.18 0.11 0.20 534 0.14 0.08 0.1554 412 0.25 0.15 0.28 512 0.22 0.13 0.24 614 0.17 0.10 0.1960 5 0.30 0.18 0.33 6 0.25 0.15 0.28 634 0.22 0.13 0.2466 512 0.35 0.21 0.39 612 0.31 0.19 0.34 714 0.25 0.15 0.2872 6 0.41 0.25 0.45 7 0.35 0.21 0.39 734 0.30 0.18 0.3378 612

40、0.46 0.28 0.51 712 0.40 0.24 0.44 814 0.35 0.21 0.3984 7 0.51 0.31 0.57 8 0.46 0.28 0.51 834 0.41 0.25 0.4690 712 0.57 0.34 0.63 812 0.51 0.31 0.57 914 0.48 0.29 0.5396 8 0.62 0.37 0.69 9 0.57 0.34 0.63 934 0.55 0.33 0.61Concrete Strength, 5000 psi102 812 0.76 0.46 InnerCircular0.30 912 0.68 0.41 In

41、nerCircular0.27 1014 0.62 0.37 InnerCircular0.25Plus El-liptical0.46 Plus El-liptical0.41 Plus El-liptical0.37108 9 0.85 0.51 InnerCircular0.34 10 0.76 0.46 InnerCircular0.30 1034 0.70 0.42 InnerCircular0.28Plus El-liptical0.51 Plus El-liptical0.46 Plus El-liptical0.42114A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .120A

42、. . . .A. . . .A. . . .126A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .132A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .138A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .144A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified or special designs see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C 655. Steel areas may be interpolated between those

43、shown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 96 in. in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.BFor these classes and sizes, the minimum practical steel reinforcement is specified. The specified ultimate strength of non-reinforc

44、ed pipe is greater than the minimumspecified strength for the equivalent diameters.CAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such t

45、hat the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordan

46、ce with Fig. 1 ,orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 2.DElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.EAs an alternative, single cage reinforcement may be used

47、. The reinforcement area in square in. per linear foot shall be 0.20 for wall B and 0.16 for wall C.C7608a3TABLE 3 Design Requirements for Class III Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by the owner.The strength test requirements in pounds-force per linear f

48、oot of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test loadexpressed in pounds-force per linear foot per foot of diameter) to produce a 0.01-in. crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimateload as specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter

49、of the pipe in feet.D-load to produce a 0.01-in. crack 1350D-load to produce the ultimate load 2000InternalDesignatedDiameter, in.Reinforcement, in.2/linear ft of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psiWallThick-nesses,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThick-nesses,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThick-nesses,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCag