[外语类试卷]考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷34及答案与解析.doc

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1、考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷 34及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 Tight-lipped elders used to say, “Its not what you want in this world, but what you get.“ Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things. You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would

2、make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be s

3、erved. Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself.In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services. This account of yourself is actuall

4、y a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references.Such an account is valuable.It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews.While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your e

5、ducation, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares“ and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell.Then you are

6、ready to hunt for a job.Get all the possible information about your could-be job, make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm.Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgement.Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Se

7、curing a job is your job now. 1 What do the elders mean when they say, “Its not what you want in this world, but what youget“ ? （ A） Youll certainly get what you want. （ B） Its no use dreaming. （ C） You should be dissatisfied with what you have. （ D） Its essential to set a goal for yourself. 2 A blu

8、eprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as_. （ A） an illustration of how to write an application for a job （ B） an indication of how to secure a good job （ C） a guideline for job description （ D） a principle for j ob evaluation 3 According to the passage, one must writ

9、e an account of himself before starting to find a job because_. （ A） that is the first step to please the employer （ B） that is the requirement of the employer （ C） it enables him to know when to sell his services （ D） it forces him to become clearly aware of himself 4 When you have carefully prepar

10、ed a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something_. （ A） definite to offer （ B） imaginary to provide （ C） practical to supply （ D） desirable to present 4 The stability of the U.S.banking system is maintained by means of supervision and regulation, inspections, deposit insurance, and l

11、oans to troubled banks.For over 50 years, these precautions have prevented banking panics.However, there have been some close calls.The collapse of Continental Illinois Bank women and children are “dependents“. The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturall

12、y fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries.These positions are simply an extension of womens domestic rol

13、e.Informal distinctions between “womens work“ and “mens work“ in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes. Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way.For the human species

14、to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce.Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology.It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play s

15、ex-defined roles in social life.There is ample evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that to exist are largely learned. But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributi

16、ons to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable. 17 Womens place, some people think, is within the protective environment of the home because_. （ A） women can provide better care for the children （ B） women are too weak to do any agricultural work at all （ C） women are biologica

17、lly suited to domestic jobs （ D） women can not compete with men in any field 18 According to the author, sex roles_. （ A） are socially determined （ B） are emotionally and physically determined （ C） can only be determined by what education people take （ D） are biologically and psychologically determi

18、ned 19 The author points out that the assignments of womens roles in work _. （ A） are determined by what they are better suited to （ B） row out of their position inside the home （ C） reflect a basic difference between men and women （ D） are suitable to them, but not to men 20 Which of the following

19、is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） The division of sex-defined roles is completely unacceptable. （ B） Womens roles in work are too limited at present. （ C） In one society, men might perform what is considered womens duties by another. （ D） Some of the womens roles in domestic duties can not

20、be taken over by men. 考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷 34答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题中， A项 “你肯定会得到你想要的东西 ”之意与文章第 2段的意思不符；在文中没有提到 C项的 “你 应该不满足于你所拥有的东西 ”之意； D项不正确， “为你自己确定一个目标很有必要 ”之意是本文作者提倡的观点，不是年长者说这句话的意思。从文章第 1段的内容可知，出言谨慎的年长者过去常说：在这个世界上，重要的不是你想要什么，而是你能得到什么；从第 2段的内容可知，心理学教育人们，如果你知道你想要什么，并且你想要的东

21、西又合乎情理，那么你肯定会得到它。据此可知，年长者们说这句话的意思应该是：要面对现实，不要想那些不合乎情理的东西 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题中， B项 “如何获得一份好工作的暗示 ”不是作 者使用该例子的目的。本文作者提倡的是 “要现实，不要想那些不合乎情理的东西 ”。 C项 “描述工作的方针 ”不是作者使用该例子的目的，文中没有描述过工作。 D项 “评估工作的原则 “之意不是作者使用该例子的目的，文中并没有评估过工作。从文章第 3段的内容可知，如果我们想请朋友吃饭，我们就要定菜谱，列购物清单，并决定先做哪道菜；对于要招待的任何一种饭局来说，这样的计划都是必要的；从第 4段的内容

22、可知，同样，如果你想找到一份工作，你就应该取一张纸，写下你的自我简介。据此可知，作者列举 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题中， A项 “那是取悦雇主的第一步 ”和 B项 “那是雇主的要求 ”两项之意明显与文章的意思不符； C项的 “自我简介能够使他知道何时推销自己的服务 ”之意不对，文中是说 “你才能明智地计划到哪儿去求职 ”，不是说何时去求职。从文章第 4段的内容可知：同样，如果你想找到一份工作，你就应该取一张纸，写下你的自我简介；为寻找工作制订计划时，应该以自己的实际情况为出发点，因为，只有当你确切地知道你可以提供什么时，你才能明智地计划到哪儿去求职。据此可知，找工作前之所以要写自

23、我简介，是因为自我简介可以让你清楚地了解你自己。 D项的 “自我 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题中， B、 C、 D三项都与文意不符。从文章最后一段的内容可知，精心制订好了你的才干和愿望计划后，你就有了具体的东西可推销了；这样，你就可以寻找工作了。据此可知，制订好了自己的才干和愿望计划后，你就可以向可能的雇主提供确切的东西了。 A项的 “确切的东西可以提供 ”与文中的“you have something tangible to sell(有具体的东西可推销了 )“的意思相符，因此 A项为正确答案。 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第四段的第一句话 By the

24、spring of 1984， a run on Continental had begun，从中可知， C项为正确答案。 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章第 5段。依据是第 5段的第 3句话 By July， all hope ofa private sector rescue was dashed.Regulators faced a stark choice： Let Continental collapse， or take it over themselves.从句中的 collapse(垮台，崩溃 )一词可看出事态的严重性，因此 A项为正确答案。 7 【正确答案】

25、 A 【试题解析】 本题的依据是最后一段的第 3句话 Thus， on a rainy Thursday at the end of July,the FDIC in effect nationalized Continental Illinois at a cost of $ 4.5 billion.This kept the banks doors open and prevented a chain reaction.从中可知，将 Continental国有化后，该银行能继续开门营业。因此 A项为正确答案。 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题的依据是第 1段第 1句话的 banki

26、ng system is maintained by means of supervision and regulation， inspections， deposit insurance， and loans to troubled banks，从中可知，四个选项中只有 A项为正确答案 。 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题的依据是文章第 1段第 3句话 Skill acquisition is considered as an individual responsibility，从中可知 B项为正确答案。 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章第 2段中的第 3句、第

27、4句话。从中可知，在美国的公司里人力资源部门的主管在管理层中没有什么地位，在重大决策中没有发言权。因此 D项为正确答案。 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 依据文章第 3段第 2句话 The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees，选项 B符合文章的内容，是本题的正确答案。 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 综观全文，只有 D项能概括文章的中心思想， A、 B、 C三个选项只能概括文章部分段落的内容。因此正确答案为 D。 13 【正确答案

28、】 B 【试题解析】 综观全文，可以了解到什么是互联网，互联网的应用以及它的发展过程和未来的预期应 用，因此 B项是正确答案。 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题可以参照文章的第 4段，即 Intemet的历史。从中可知 A、B、 C三项都和原文有悖，因此 D项是正确答案。 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的第 2段。从中可知，互联网的应用包括电子公告板、大型数据库、电子邮件、游戏、获取新闻、参与网上辩论等有关功能，只有交换调制解调器没有被提到，因此 C项为正确答案。 16 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 从最后一段可知，未来随着科学技术的发展，网络会变得愈加成熟

29、，而且文中提到了网络还可以和电话公司、有线电视台和其他信息系统连接起来，给人们提供更方便的服务，因此 C项是正确答案。 17 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的第 1段。题目中的 some people think和原文第 1段第 2句话中的 According to this ideology 是对应的。第 5句话作者又归因到Thus， they are naturally suited， much more so than men， to the performance of domestic duties，从中可知 C项是正确答案。 18 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本

30、题的依据是文章第 6段的 So goes the ideology.It is， of course，not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex defined roles in social life.根据上下文可知，作者是不同意这种观念的，因此 A项是正确答案。 19 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 这道题与文章的第 2段有关。作者在这一段的倒数第 2句话中指出These positions are simply an extension ofwomens domestic role.从中可知 B项是正确答案。 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题可参照文章的最后一段。从中可知，这种性别角色在不同的社会里差异很大，但人们还是愿意接受这种男女之间的差异是天生的观念。因此 A项为正确答案。