ASTM B899-2009e1 Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys《有色金属及合金的相关标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: B899 091Standard TerminologyRelating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B899; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in par

2、entheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTETerms were added editorially in April 2010.1. Scope*1.1 To promote precise understanding and interpretation ofstandards, reports, and other technical writi

3、ngs promulgated byCommittee B02.1.2 To standardize the terminology used in these documents.1.3 To explain the meanings of technical terms used withinthese documents for those not conversant with them.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specification for ZincB29 Specification for Refined Le

4、adB32 Specification for Solder MetalB39 Specification for NickelB69 Specification for Rolled ZincB86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die CastingsB160 Specification for Nickel Rod and BarB161 Specification for Nickel Seamless Pipe and TubeB163 Specification for Seamless

5、 Nickel and Nickel AlloyCondenser and Heat-Exchanger TubesB164 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, andWireB165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNSN04400)* Seamless Pipe and TubeB166 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693,N06025, N0

6、6045, and N06696)* and Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617) Rod, Bar, andWireB167 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys(UNS N06600, N06601, N06603, N06690, N06693,N06025, N06045, and N06696)* and Nickel-Chromium-Cobalt-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N06617) Seamless Pipeand TubeB240 S

7、pecification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Al-loys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making ZincDie Casting AlloysB333 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate,Sheet, and StripB339 Specification for Pig TinB407 Specification for Nickel-Ir

8、on-Chromium Alloy Seam-less Pipe and TubeB408 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rodand BarB418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic ZincAnodesB423 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy (UNS N08825 and N08221)*Seamless Pipe and TubeB425 Specification for Ni-

9、Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNSN08825 and UNS N08221)* Rod and BarB434 Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium-Iron Alloys (UNS N10003, UNS N10242)* Plate, Sheet,and StripB435 Specification for UNS N06002, UNS N06230, UNSN12160, and UNS R30556 Plate, Sheet, and StripB444 Specification for Nickel-Chromiu

10、m-Molybdenum-Columbium Alloys (UNS N06625 and UNS N06852) andNickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNSN06219) Pipe and TubeB445 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNSN06102)* Seamless Pipe and TubeB446 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbiu

11、m Alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06219), and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06650)*Rod and Bar1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.91 o

12、n Editorial and Terminology.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B899 06. DOI:10.1520/B0899-09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at s

13、erviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

14、United States.B463 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, andUNS N08024 Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB471 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08026, andUNS N08024 Nickel Alloy Spring Wire3B473 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and WireB475 Specification for U

15、NS N08020, UNS N08024, andUNS N08026 Nickel Alloy Round Weaving WireB511 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loy Bars and ShapesB512 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Silicon Alloy(UNS N08330) Billets and BarsB518 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Columbium-Molybdenum-Tungsten All

16、oy (UNS N06102)Rod and BarB522 Specification for Gold-Silver-Platinum ElectricalContact AlloyB535 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Seamless Pipe and TubeB536 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loys (UNS N08330 and N08332) Plate, Sheet, and

17、 StripB540 Specification for Palladium Electrical Contact AlloyB541 Specification for Gold Electrical Contact AlloyB575 Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tantalum, and Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromiu

18、m-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy Plate, Sheet, andStripB582 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripB599 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium StabilizedAlloy (UNS N08700)Plate, Sheet, and StripB620 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium

19、-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N08320) Plate, Sheet, and StripB622 Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-CobaltAlloy Pipe and TubeB625 Specification for UNS N08925, UNS N08031, UNSN08932, UNS N08926, UNS N08354, and UNS R20033Plate, Sheet, and StripB637 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nicke

20、l Al-loy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature ServiceB639 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Cobalt-Containing Alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816) Rod,Bar, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-TemperatureServiceB649 Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-N Low-CarbonAlloys (UNS N08

21、925, UNS N08031, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926), and Cr-Ni-Fe-N Low-Carbon Alloy (UNSR20033) Bar and Wire, and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo-N Alloy (UNSN08936) WireB667 Practice for Construction and Use of a Probe forMeasuring Electrical Contact ResistanceB672 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium

22、StabilizedAlloy (UNS N08700)Bar and WireB677 Specification for UNS N08925, UNS N08354, andUNS N08926 Seamless Pipe and TubeB688 Specification for Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Iron (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367) Plate, Sheet, andStripB690 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys (UNS N0836

23、6 and UNS N08367)Seamless Pipe and TubeB691 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloys (UNS N08366 and UNS N08367)Rod, Bar, and WireB709 Specification for Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Alloy (UNS N08028)* Plate, Sheet, andStripB710 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-lo

24、y Welded PipeB718 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Plate,Sheet, and StripB719 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) BarB722 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-

25、Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333) Seam-less Pipe and TubeB723 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded PipeB726 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Cobalt-Tungsten-Iron-Silicon Alloy (UNS N06333)Welded TubeB729 Specification for Seamle

26、ss UNS N08020, UNSN08026, and UNS N08024 Nickel-Alloy Pipe and TubeB739 Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Silicon Al-loy Welded TubeB749 Specification for Lead and Lead Alloy Strip, Sheet,and Plate ProductsB750 Specification for GALFAN (Zinc-5 % Aluminum-Mischmetal) Alloy in Ingot Form for Hot-

27、Dip CoatingsB751 Specification for General Requirements for Nickeland Nickel Alloy Welded TubeB756 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06110) Rod and BarB759 Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloys (UNS N06110) Pipe and TubeB775 Specification for Ge

28、neral Requirements for Nickeland Nickel Alloy Welded PipeB791 Specification for Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die Castings3B792 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for SlushCastingB805 Specification for Precipitation Hardening Nickel Al-loys Bar and WireB814 Specification for Nickel-Ch

29、romium-Iron-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS N06920) Plate, Sheet,and Strip3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.B899 0912B818 Specification for Cobalt-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy (UNS R31233) Plate, Sheetand StripB834 Specificatio

30、n for Pressure Consolidated Powder Met-allurgy Iron-Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum (UNSN08367) and Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Columbium (Nb) (UNS N06625) Alloy Pipe Flanges,Fittings, Valves, and PartsB860 Specification for Zinc Master Alloys for Use in HotDip GalvanizingB892 Specification for ACuZinc5 (

31、Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy in Ingot Form for Die CastingsB894 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy Die CastingsB897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and ZincAlloy Jumbo Block and Half Block Ingot3. Significance and Use3.1 The terms defined in this document are generic inre

32、spect to the standards under the jurisdiction of CommitteeB02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. The same terms mayhave different definitions in otherASTM technical committees.3.2 Some definitions may differ within the committee be-cause of limitations on items such as weights or dimensions. Insuch ca

33、ses the terms will be more precisely defined in theTerminology section of the standards in which these terms areused.4. Index of Terms4.1 Alphabetical Listing of Termsaverage diameterbarbilletcancathodic protectioncoiled sheetcompactcontact resistancecontact resistance probedie castingfill pinfinene

34、ssflat sheetfoundry castinggalvanic anodegraphite permanent mold castingheatingotliquiduslotlot numbermeltnickelnickel alloynickel-base alloynickel-based alloynominal wallpartpermanent mold castingpigpipeplateplatinum group metalpowderpowder blendprecious metalsprecipitation hardeningpressure die-ca

35、stingproducerrodrough partsaline electrolytesand castingseamless pipesemi-permanent mold castingshapessheetshotsolidusspongespring wirestriptest reportthin-wall tubetubeweaving wirewelded pipewire5. Terminology5.1 Terms and Their Definitionsaverage diameter, nthe average of the maximum andminimum ou

36、tside the diameters, as determined at any onesection of the pipe or tube. B160, B161, B163, B165,B167, B407,B423, B444, B445, B535, B622, B677, B690,B710, B722, B723, B726, B729, B739, B751, B759, B775bar, nan elongated, forged or rolled metal product withuniform strength, length and section (such a

37、s rectangular,square, round, oval or hexagonal). B327, B518NOTE 1In the following standards the term “bar” has a similardefinition, but with greater and more specific detail. B160, B164,B166, B408, B425, B446, B473, B511, B512, B637, B639,B649, B672, B691, B719, B756, B805billet, na formed shape tha

38、t may be further worked, or asolid, semifinished, round, or rectangular product that hasbeen hot-worked by forging, rolling, or extrusion.brightener bar, nbrightener bar is a zinc alloy containingaluminum which is added to the galvanizing bath to adjustthe aluminum content of the bath to: suppress t

39、he formationof iron-zinc alloy layers, increase the brightness and ductilityof the galvanized coating, and improve the drainage of zincfrom the work as it exits the bath; also called brightener.B860can, nthe container used to encapsulate the powder duringthe pressure consolidation process; it is rem

40、oved from thefinal part. B834B899 0913cathodic protection, nprotection of a metal from corrosionby making it a cathode through the galvanic sacrifice of aless noble metal or through an impressed electric current.B418coiled sheet, nsheet in coils with slit edges. B69compact, nthe consolidated powder

41、from one can; it may beused to make one or more parts. B834contact resistance, nthe resistance to current flow betweentwo touching bodies, consisting of constriction resistanceand film resistance. B667contact resistance probe, nan apparatus for determiningelectrical contact resistance characteristic

42、s of a metal sur-face.DISCUSSIONProbe, in this instance, should be distinguished from theclassical tool whose function it is to touch or move an object. B667die casting, na casting process in which molten metal isinjected under high velocity and pressure into a metal dieand solidified; also, a produ

43、ct produced by such a process.Alternately known as pressure die casting. B6, B240,B892, B894fill pin, nthe part of the compact in the spout used to fill thecan; it is usually integral to the part produced. B834fineness, na measure of the purity of precious metalsexpressed in parts per thousand.flat

44、sheet, nsheet with sheared, silt, or sawed edges that hasbeen flattened or leveled. B69foundry casting, na casting process wherein a molten metalis poured by gravity into the cavity of a mold and solidified;also, a product of such a process. B86galvanic anode, na metal electrode that sacrificially c

45、or-rodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conductingmedium, thereby supplying a protective electric current tothe more noble electrode. B418graphite permanent mold casting, na metal object pro-duced by introducing molten metal by gravity or lowpressure into a graphite mold and allowing it to

46、solidify.B86hardener, nan aluminum-base master alloy added to SpecialHigh Grade Zinc (SHG) to produce a zinc alloy for diecasting. B327heat, nrefer to melt.ingot, na casting of simple shape suitable for hot-working orremelting.liquidus, nthe lowest temperature at which an alloy underequilibrium cond

47、itions begins to freeze on cooling or iscompletely melted on heating.lot, na quantity of metal made under conditions that, forsampling purposes, are considered uniform. B6, B32,B240, B418, B749lot number, na unique alphanumeric designation for a lotthat is traceable to manufacturing records. B32melt

48、, nall the metal that, while molten, was held at the sametime in the same holding vessel.nickel, na refined nickel primarily produced from ore ormatte or similar raw material containing a minimum of 99.80percent nickel by weight. B39nickel alloy, na material that conforms to a specification thatrequ

49、ires, by weight percent, more nickel than any otherelement.DISCUSSIONBeginning in 1992, only alloys containing nickel as theprincipal constituent have been categorized as a nickel alloy for thepurpose of new coverage in B02 specifications. Prior to 1992, nickelalloys were defined as alloys nominally containing less than 50 % ironwith nickel as the highest nonferrous element present.nickel-base alloy and nickel-based alloythese terms are notused inASTM standards under the jurisdiction of CommitteeB02 and are not preferred. See nickel alloy.nominal