AECMA PREN 4677-001-2009 Aerospace series Welded and brazed assemblies for aerospace construction Joints of metallic materials by electron beam welding Part 001 Quality of welded a.pdf

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1、ASD STANDARD NORME ASD ASD NORM prEN 4677-001 Edition P 1 August 2009 PUBLISHED BY THE AEROSPACE AND DEFENCE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF EUROPE - STANDARDIZATIONAvenue de Tervuren, 270 - B-1150 Brussels - Tel. + 32 2 775 8126 - Fax. + 32 2 775 8131 - www.asd-stan.orgICS: Descriptors: ENGLISH VERSION A

2、erospace series Welded and brazed assemblies for aerospace construction Joints of metallic materials by electron beam welding Part 001: Quality of welded assemblies Srie arospatiale Assemblages souds et brass pour constructions arospatiales Assemblages de matriaux mtalliques souds par faisceau dlect

3、rons Partie 001 : Qualit des assemblages souds Luft- und Raumfahrt Schwei- und Ltverbindungen fr die Luft- und Raumfahrt Verbindungen metallischer Werkstoffe mittels Elektronenstrahlschweien Teil 001: Qualitt der Schweiverbindungen This “Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the resp

4、onsibility of ASD-STAN (The AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization). It is published for the needs of the European Aerospace Industry. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Domain following member comments. Subsequent to the publication of

5、 this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be changed to an extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. After examination and review by users and formal agreement of ASD-STAN, it will be submitted as a draft European Stan

6、dard (prEN) to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote and transformation to full European Standard (EN). The CEN national members have then to implement the EN at national level by giving the EN the status of a national standard and by withdrawing any national standards conflic

7、ting with the EN. Edition approved for publication 31 August 2009 Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to ASD-STAN Metallic Material Domain Copyright 2009 by ASD-STAN Copyright ASD-STAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or netwo

8、rking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 2 Contents Page Foreword .2 1 Scope3 2 Normative references3 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Symbols and acronyms 11 5 General requirements .11 6 Technical requirements for manufacturing new parts 15 7 Technical repair requirements.29 8 Sp

9、ecial case.30 Annex A (informative) Imperfections 31 Foreword This standard was reviewed by the Domain Technical Coordinator of ASD-STANs Metallic Material Domain. After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of ASD-STAN defined in ASD-STANs General Process Manual, this standar

10、d has received approval for Publication. Copyright ASD-STAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 3 1 Scope This standard defines the rules to be satisfied to ensure the quality of joints of meta

11、llic materials by electron beam welding (code 51 according to EN ISO 4063). It applies unreservedly to the manufacturing of new parts or for repair, these operations being under the responsibility of an approved manufacturer or supplier. The final responsibility is with the Design Authority 2 Normat

12、ive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied pr

13、ocesses Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers. EN ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials Vickers hardness test Part 1: Test method. EN ISO 14731, Welding coordination Tasks and responsibilities. EN ISO 14744-1, Welding Acceptance inspection of electron beam welding machines - Part 1: principles an

14、d acceptance conditions. EN ISO 14744-2, Welding Acceptance inspection of electron beam welding machines Part 2: Measurement of accelerating voltage characteristics EN ISO 14744-3, Welding Acceptance inspection of electron beam welding machines Part 3: Measurement of beam current characteristics. EN

15、 ISO 14744-6, Welding Acceptance inspection of electron beam welding machines Part 6: Measurement of stability of spot position. EN ISO 17659, Welding Multilingual terms for welded joints with illustrations. ISO 857-1, Welding and allied processes Vocabulary Part 1: Metal welding processes. ISO 4969

16、, Steel Macroscopic examination by etching with strong mineral acids. ISO 8596, Ophthalmic optics - Visual acuity testing Standard optotype and its presentation. ISO 22826, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Hardness testing of narrow joints welded by laser and electron beam (Vickers a

17、nd Knoop hardness tests). ISO 24394, Aerospace series Qualification test for welders and welding operators Fusion welding of metallic components. EN 875, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Impact tests Test specimen location, notch orientation and examination. EN 895, Destructive tests

18、 on welds in metallic materials Transverse tensile test. EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Bend tests. EN 4632-001, Aerospace series Welded and brazed assemblies foor aerospace constructions Weldability and brazeability of materials Part 001: General requirements. Copyright AS

19、D-STAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 4 EN 4632-002, Aerospace series Welded and brazed assemblies for aerospace constructions Weldability and brazeability of materials Part 002: Homogeneo

20、us asssemblies aluminium and aluminium alloys. TR 25901, Welding and related processes Vocabulary. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions are given in ISO 857-1 and ISO 17659. 3.1 electron beam welding fusion welding process using the transformation of t

21、he kinetic energy of beam electrons into thermal energy when they strike the material NOTE 1 The electrons are obtained from a cathode heated under a secondary vacuum (1 Pa to 10-4Pa). NOTE 2 The welding operation may be performed under a controlled atmosphere, generally under a primary vacuum (100

22、Pa to 1 Pa) or secondary vacuum. 3.2 Weldability 3.2.1 notion of weldability a metallic material is considered to be weldable to a given degree, by a given process or for a given type of application when, provided that the corresponding precautions are taken, it lends itself to the production of a w

23、eld which, through its characteristics and the consequences of its presence, meets the required properties chosen as the basis for the judgement 3.2.2 degrees of weldability the weldability of materials is assessed according to the following four degrees: degree 1: material with very good weldabilit

24、y, requiring no particular precautions. Preferred. degree 2: material with good weldability but likely to require special welding precautions (for example, preheating, low feedrate, etc.). degree 3: material with poor weldability, requiring specific development for each type of part and likely to le

25、ad to manufacturing problems. Inadvisable. degree 4: material with very poor weldability. To be avoided. 3.3 Technical terms 3.3.1 General 3.3.1.1 flat position PA horizontal welding, with beam axis vertical 3.3.1.2 horizontal-vertical position PB horizontal welding Copyright ASD-STAN Provided by IH

26、S under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 5 3.3.1.3 horizontal position PC horizontal welding, welding axis horizontal 3.3.1.4 horizontal overhead position PD horizontal welding, overhead 3.3.1.5 overhead position

27、 PE horizontal welding, overhead, welding axis vertical 3.3.1.6 vertical up position PF welding up 3.3.1.7 vertical down position PG welding down 3.3.2 Welding parameters 3.3.2.1 run-out interval encompassing all geometrical irregularities of the joint plane NOTE This interval is measured on the det

28、ail parts, positioned in their welding setup, and is used as a reference to determine the minimum width of the weld zone. 3.3.2.2 beam centering alignment of the beam axis on the joint plane 3.3.2.3 beam deflection controlled movement of the beam in relation to the physical axis of the gun 3.3.2.4 l

29、evel distance difference in level (height) between two detail parts at the joint plane 3.3.2.5 firing (working) distance distance between the impact point of the beam on detail parts and a reference surface linked to the gun or the machine (example: middle of the closest focusing coil of the detail

30、part, electron gun base) 3.3.2.6 specific welding energy defined by ratio between the beam power over the welding speed, multiplied by 60 0001(cm/min)60(Ampere)(Volt)VIU(in kJ/cm) 3.3.2.7 slope (or ramp) down operating conditions under which the penetration depth varies decrementally Copyright ASD-S

31、TAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 6 3.3.2.8 beam deflection controlled movement of the beam in relation to the physical axis of the gun 3.3.2.9 level distance difference in level (height)

32、 between two detail parts at the joint plane 3.3.2.10 firing (working) distance distance between the impact point of the beam on detail parts and a reference surface linked to the gun or the machine (example: middle of the closest focusing coil of the detail part, electron gun base) 3.3.2.11 specifi

33、c welding energy defined by ratio between the beam power over the welding speed, multiplied by 60 0001(cm/min)60(Ampere)(Volt)VIU(in kJ/cm) 3.3.2.12 slope (or ramp) down operating conditions under which the penetration depth varies decrementally 3.3.2.13 focusing current intensity intensity of the c

34、urrent crossing the focusing coil enabling electron beam concentration on a point called the focusing point NOTE The intensity may be constant or modulated. 3.3.2.14 beam current electron flow emitted by the cathode NOTE This current may be constant or modulated. 3.3.2.15 clearance before welding (F

35、it up) distance measured on a straight section of the joint between the surfaces to be welded 3.3.2.16 slope (or ramp) up operating conditions for which the penetration depth varies incrementally 3.3.2.17 focusing level distance between the beam impact point on the detail parts and the focusing poin

36、t NOTE Conventionally, this distance is negative when the focusing point is within the detail parts. 3.3.2.18 perveance ratio of the beam current over the acceleration voltage at power 3/2 tecUI=23Copyright ASD-STAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking

37、 permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 7 3.3.2.19 beam power product of the acceleration voltage and the beam current 3.3.2.20 acceleration voltage difference in potential between the cathode and the anode, used to create the electric field intended to accelerate the electrons 3.

38、3.2.21 beam oscillation periodic movement of the beam axis in relation to the weld pool NOTE This oscillation is defined by the signal shape, its amplitude, frequency and direction in relation to that of welding. 3.3.2.22 welding speed length of the weld on beam impact side produced per time unit 3.

39、3.3 Other technical terms 3.3.3.1 welding campaign series of welding operations on identical parts, executed on the same machine, without any changes of welding parameters, without performing other welds on the machine, without interrupting manufacturing for more than a week 3.3.3.2 welding cycle su

40、ccession of different welding phases performed by the welding machine to make a weld 3.3.3.3 tacking pass pre-assembling of elementary detail parts using the same process as the one used for welding, consisting of making a slightly penetrating, narrow weld, continuous or discontinuous along the join

41、t plane , with the purpose of maintaining the detail parts in position 3.3.3.4 adjustment verification specimen this is a flat test specimen of the same material, subjected to the same heat treatments as the detail parts, on which a melt run will be made in the middle using the parameters identical

42、to those used for parts, and for which the relationship between the micrographic shape of the cross section cut of the bead and that obtained on test specimens or real parts has been previously defined 3.3.3.5 structural state metal crystalline structural state 3.3.3.6 manufacturing performance of w

43、elding operations on new parts or repairs to existing assemblies (or products) 3.3.3.7 stabilized manufacturing manufacturing for which the reliability can be established without quality issue over several welding campaigns, of which the number is previously defined by the appropriate department of

44、the Design Authority Copyright ASD-STAN Provided by IHS under license with AECMA Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-prEN 4677-001:2009 8 3.3.3.8 smoothing pass or cosmetic pass remelted surface of the welded zone 3.3.3.9 batch of parts set of parts wit

45、h the same reference from: the same welding campaign; the same heat treatment batch; traced material (processing, chemical analysis, ). 3.3.3.10 material/parent metal material or metal used to make the detail parts 3.3.3.11 filler metal additional alloy or metal used to make the weld of an assembly

46、or a deposit 3.3.3.12 tooling equipment required to hold and position parts before and during welding 3.3.3.13 beam stopper (catcher) part intended to intercept the residual energy crossing the beam in the case of a through weld NOTE The material making up the beam catcher shall be of a same grade o

47、r a grade compatible with the required quality of the assembly. 3.3.3.14 detail part individual element to be assembled with other elements to make up a complete part 3.3.3.15 part - product assembly comprising several assembled detail parts 3.3.3.16 tack welding pre-assembly of detail parts by weld

48、ing consisting of a set of tacks along the joint plane, intended to hold the detail parts in position 3.3.3.17 pre-heating heating of detail parts before welding without fusion NOTE This operation will be carried out with an unfocused beam or any other process not involving magnetism. 3.3.3.18 through weld case where the beam crosses all the thickness of parts to weld case where the beam propagates through all the parts to be welded 3.3.3.19 blind weld case where the beam only crosses part of the thickness of the parts to weld case where the beam only partially propagates through the t