职称英语理工类A级模拟81及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A 级模拟 81 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers.（分数：1.00）A.protectionB.indicationC.immunityD.danger2.They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.（分数：1.00）A.solveB.determineC.untieD.comp

2、lete3.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.ranD.shook4.We have got to abide by the rules.（分数：1.00）A.stick toB.persist inC.safeguardD.apply5.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.traverses6.The c

3、urious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy .（分数：1.00）A.difficultB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy7.Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it.（分数：1.00）A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent8.These are our motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.argu

4、mentsC.targetsD.stimuli9.Smoking is not permitted in the office.（分数：1.00）A.probablyB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed10.I feel regret about what“s happened.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.disappointedC.shamefulD.disheartened11.They always mock me because I am ugly.（分数：1.00）A.smile atB.look down onC.belittleD.laugh at1

5、2.Guests were scared when the bomb exploded.（分数：1.00）A.frightenedB.killedC.endangeredD.rescued13.They are endeavoring to change society as a whole.（分数：1.00）A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.making14.The story was touching .（分数：1.00）A.inspiringB.boringC.movingD.frightening15.Although originally a German inno

6、vation, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement to provide an improved learning environment for children.（分数：1.00）A.an easyB.a playfulC.an openD.a better二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)They Say Ireland“s the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, accor

7、ding to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain“s Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incom

8、es, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“. Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an i

9、mpressive 8.33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的), picking up only 3.89 points. “Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly value,“ The r

10、eport said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“ “Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain wa

11、rm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.“ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics. No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, A

12、ustralia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. C

13、hina was in the lower half of the league at 60th.（分数：7.00）(1).For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Job security is the least important measure of life quality.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Cost of living in Irela

14、nd is pretty high.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentio

15、ned(6).To measure life quality is easy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Local Newspapers in BritainBritain has a large circulation (发行量) of the national newspape

16、rs. The Daily Mirror and The Daily Express both sell about 4 million copies each day. On average, every family will buy one newspaper in the morning, and take two or three on Sundays. Local newspapers are just as popular as the national ones in Britain. Local papers have a weekly circulation of 13 m

17、illion. Nearly every town and country area has its own paper, and almost every local paper is financially holding its own. Many local newspapers are earning good profits. Local newspapers have their special characteristics. They mainly satisfy interest in local eventsbirths, weddings, deaths, counci

18、l meetings, and sports. Editors often rely on a small staff of people who know the district well. Clubs and churches in the neighborhood regularly supply these papers with much local news. Local news does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room for it in this week“s edit

19、ion, a news item can be held over until the following week. The editor of a local newspaper never forgets that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. For this reason, he is keen to keep the good will of local businessmen. If the newspaper sells well with carefully chosen news items to

20、attract local readers, the businessmen will be grateful to the paper for the opportunity of keeping their products in the public eye. Local newspapers seldom comment on problems of national importance, and editors rarely take sides on political questions. But they can often provide service to the co

21、mmunity in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to improve transport, provide better shopping facilities, and preserve local monuments and places of interest.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Keeping Good Relations with Local Businessme

22、n B. Service Provided by Local Newspapers C. Large Circulation of the National Newspapers D. Special Features of Local Newspapers E. Power of Local Newspapers F. Popularity of Local Newspapers（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).British people ha

23、ve the habit of reading newspapers in the 1. A. a lot of money B. people around the world C. morning D. people of the clubs and churches E. advertising（分数：1.00）(6).Many local newspapers in Britain are making 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Editors often get news from people who know the district well, such as 1.（分数：

24、1.00）(8).The success of the newspaper relies on 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)New U.S. Plan for Disease PreventionUrging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to tr

25、y to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes. The initiative highlights the cost of chronic diseasesthe leading causes of death in the United Statesand outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercis

26、e. “In the United States today, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,“ the Health and Human Services Department said in a statement. The causes are often behaviorsmoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. “I

27、 am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future,“ Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative. “Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the escalating costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable t

28、hrough changes in our lifestyle choices.“ Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $ 351 billion in 2003. “These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for US to lead healthier, longer li

29、ves,“ he said. The $15 million is slated to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more. Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes. The money

30、 will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening. The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught b

31、y screening, including Pap tests for cervical cancer, mammograms for breast cancer, colonoscopies, and prostate checks. If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true

32、of chronic diseases in the US?（分数：3.00）A.They account for 70% of all deaths.B.They are responsible for most of the health care costs.C.They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.D.They are largely preventable.(2).The author mentions all the following as ways of disease prevention EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.

33、better dietB.increased exerciseC.reduction on smokingD.higher survival rate for cancer(3).The article indicates that more money spent on disease prevention will mean _.（分数：3.00）A.greater responsibility of the governmentB.much less money needed for disease treatmentC.higher costs of health careD.more

34、 lifestyle choices for people(4).The $15 million program is aimed at _.（分数：3.00）A.promoting disease preventionB.building more sidewalksC.helping needy communitiesD.wiping out chronic diseases(5).Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly _.（分数：3.00）A.the death rates for all chronic disease

35、sB.the kinds of cancer attacking peopleC.the cancer incidence rateD.cancer death rate六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Batteries Built by VirusesWhat do chicken pox, the common cold, the flu, and AIDS have in common? They“re all disease caused by viruses, tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person.

36、It“s no wonder that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of viruses is what“s on people“s minds. Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carriers, though. In Cambridge, Massachusetts, scientists have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are

37、 putting viruses to work, teaching them to build some of the world“s smallest rechargeable batteries. Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but they“re not so strange for engineer Angela Belcher, who first came up with the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Ca

38、mbridge, she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries, the scientists combine what they know about biology, technology and production techniques. Belcher“s team includes Paula Hammond, who helps put together the tiny batter

39、ies, and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form of a battery. “We“re working on things we traditionally don“t associate with nature,“ says Hammond. Many batteries are already pretty small. You can hold A, C and D batteries in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watch

40、es are often smaller than a penny. However, every year, new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink, ordinary bakeries won“t be small enough to fit inside. The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package.

41、 Right now, Belcher“s model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope. How small are these battery parts? To get some idea of the size, pluck one hair fro

42、m your head. Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair ispretty thin, right? Although the width of each person“s hair is a bit different, you could probably fit about 10 of these virus-built battery parts, side to side, across one hair. These microbatteries may chan

43、ge the way we look at viruses.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, people try to _.（分数：3.00）A.kill microorganisms related to chicken pox, the flu, etcB.keep themselves away from viruses because they are invisibleC.stay away from viruses because they are causes of various diseasesD.cure th

44、emselves of virus-related diseases by taking medicines(2).What is Belcher“s team doing at present?（分数：3.00）A.It is finding ways to get rid of viruses.B.It is mass-producing microbatteries.C.It is making batteries with viruses.D.It is analyzing virus genes.(3).What expression below is opposite in mea

45、ning to the word “shrink“ appearing in Paragraph 5?（分数：3.00）A.Broaden.B.Spread.C.Extend.D.Expand.(4).Which of the following is true of Belcher“s battery mentioned in Paragraph 6?（分数：3.00）A.It is made of metal.B.It is a kind of watch battery.C.It can only be seen with a microscope.D.It is a metallic

46、disk with viruses inside it.(5).How tiny is one battery part?（分数：3.00）A.Its width is one tenth of a hair.B.It equals the width of a hair.C.It is as thin as a piece of paper.D.Its width is too tiny to measure.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Perfect CrimeTaiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extr

47、emely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat (诈骗). Either way, it could be the perfect crime (犯罪), because the criminals are birdshoming pigeons! The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: if you want the car back, pay up then. The ear owner is directed to a pa

48、rk, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside. Carrying the money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off. There have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home ear thief, however, may in f

49、act be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mindone that avoids (避免) not only collecting money but going out to steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has played a double trick, he gets money for things he cannot possibly return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car-owner to place an ad (启事) in the newspaper asking for help. The theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demandedund