【考研类试卷】考博英语-146及答案解析.doc
《【考研类试卷】考博英语-146及答案解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《【考研类试卷】考博英语-146及答案解析.doc(29页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、考博英语-146 及答案解析(总分:109.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、BPart Reading (总题数:4,分数:20.00)BDirections:/B There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and m
2、ark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.There can be no question about the dangers of heroin use. What may start out innocently enough as a desire to experience a new kind of high may progress with extreme rapidity to an almost continuous type of ni
3、ghtmare existence.The heroin user may begin by snorting or inhaling the drug, progress to “skin popping“ (injecting it beneath the skin), and end up “mainlining“ it (injecting it directly into the bloodstream). If a hypodermic syringe is not available, the user may sever an artery and pour the heroi
4、n in with a spoon. Once users are “hooked“, their entire lives become centered upon this white powder. They will do anything-lie, steal, cheat, even kill-to get that next fix. After a while, riley do not even experience a high; they simply need the drug to avoid the terrors of withdrawal. The habit
5、demands more and more, and still more, of the drug. Even a highly paid corporation executive would find it difficult to support such a habit. Usually, the only way the addict can get enough money is through crime or prostitution. Thus, crime associated with heroin addiction is not a direct effect of
6、 the drug, but stems from the need to support the habit. In fact, heroin is an extremely effective depressant, which markedly reduces such motivational states as hunger and sex.How is it that this innocent-looking white powder can come to dominate the life of the abuser so completely? Within the fir
7、st minute of heroin injection, there is a sudden, climactic rush of feeling. This extremely pleasurable experience is followed by a “high“ which is characterized by lethargy, emotional detachment, a sense of well-being, and deep feelings of contentment. To illustrate, a heroin abuser may spend hours
8、 before a TV set, watching the dancing images on the screen without becoming emotionally involved in the program content. But then comes the crushing aftermath. As the high begins to subside, so also does the sense of well-being. The euphoria of a moment ago is replaced by gnawing feelings of appreh
9、ension and anxiety. The bizarre cycle culminates in an overwhelming sense of panic as the addict begins a frantic search for tile next fix.The victims of heroin addiction are legion-the addicts themselves, their families, and those they have robbed or otherwise brutalized in their quest for the “big
10、 H“. In recent years another innocent victim of heroin addiction has come to light, the newborn infant of an addicted mother. Studies of infants born to heroin-addicted mothers have found that more than two-thirds start out life as addicts. Within 96 hours of birth, most will show signs of withdrawa
11、l, including extreme irritability, tremors, and vomiting. The incidence of withdrawal symptoms in the newborn depends on how long the mother has been addicted, on the amount of heroin she has taken, and on how close to delivery she was when she took her last dose. Traces of drugs taken as little as
12、ten minutes prior to delivery have been found in newborns.(分数:5.00)(1).We may infer from the passage that a curious desire to experience a high produced by heroin _.(分数:1.00)A.wont lead to addictionB.will rapidly make the person have a terrible dreamC.may be disastrousD.may immediately endanger the
13、existence of the person who tries(2).The worst thing of taking drugs is that the habit _.(分数:1.00)A.reduces a persons motivational statesB.drives the addict mad for more drugs so that he cant get rid of itC.results in prostitutionD.makes the user cut the blood vessel(3).Which of the following is NOT
14、 experienced by heroin abuser?(分数:1.00)A.A feeling of satisfaction.B.A state of being sleepy or unnaturally tired.C.A state of indifference to the surroundings.D.A feeling of achievement.(4).According to the passage the severity of withdrawal symptoms in the newborn is _.(分数:1.00)A.proportional to t
15、he degree of addiction of the motherB.measured on how much heroin the baby takesC.based on how long the newborn has been addictedD.judged by the last dose its mother takes(5).The word “hooked“ in paragraph 2 most probably means _.(分数:1.00)A.fastened with heroinB.trying a little bit of heroinC.used l
16、arge amount of heroinD.become dependent on heroinThink of all the criminals who have killed, all the soldiers who have killed; consider the mass murder of Jews in Nazi Germany. Is there something inside human beings that allows us to take part in this sort of violence, or were these people swept alo
17、ng by the situation?Stanley Milgram, a New York psychologist, designed an experiment to find answers to this question, paying adult males four and a half dollars to act the role of “teacher“ in a complicated experiment. The “teachers“ were to ask questions of a “learner“, a middle-aged man in anothe
18、r room. If the learner gave an incorrect answer, the teacher was instructed to turn a knob to send an electric current to the learners chair. There were thirty positions on the control knob, with the shocks ranging from 15 to 450 volts, the last position marked “Danger: Severe Shock“. The teachers w
19、ere told to increase the severity of the shock with each incorrect response.With the first few shocks, the learner could be heard over the intercom, grunting and moaning. When the dial reached 150, he demanded that the experiment be ended; shortly afterwards, at 180 volts, he began to complain of th
20、e pain. At 300 volts, he complained about his heart condition, screamed, and no longer responded to the questions; but the teachers who complanined about their roles in the experiment were told the experiment had to continue. According to the rules, the learners failure to respond was an “error“, so
21、 he must be shocked.A group of psychiatrists was asked for predictions. Certainly, they said, most people would not punish the victim beyond 150 volts. Furthermore, they predicted fewer than four percent would persist up to 300 volts; only abnormal individuals-less than one tenth of a percent-would
22、proceed to 450 volts.And, in fact, nearly every “teacher“ did protest-each became concerned that he might injure the learner, and many said they could not continue to follow instructions. At 180 volts, one “teacher“ said, “Hes hollering. He cant stand it; what if anything happens to him? I mean who
23、is going to take responsibility if anything happens to that gentleman?“When the experimenter said he would accept responsibility, the teacher meekly responded, “All right.“Some teachers, alarmed by the silence in the next room, called out to the learner to answer so they wouldnt have to continue sho
24、cking him. In fact, most of the teachers protested, but the important thing is that they did not disobey their instruction. Sixty-two percent of all the subjects delivered shocks all the way up to 450 volts-the average highest shock was 370 volts.Of course, the learner was not being shocked. Even hi
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 考研 试卷 英语 146 答案 解析 DOC
