ISO 12637-2-2008 Graphic technology - Vocabulary - Part 2 Prepress terms《印刷技术 词汇 第2部分 预印刷术语》.pdf
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1、 Reference number ISO 12637-2:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12637-2 First edition 2008-12-15 Graphic technology Vocabulary Part 2: Prepress terms Technologie graphique Vocabulaire Partie 2: Termes de primpression ISO 12637-2:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded type
2、faces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infri
3、nging Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were opti
4、mized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. U
5、nless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. IS
6、O copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 12637-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope. 1 2
7、 Terms and definitions. 1 Bibliography . 15 ISO 12637-2:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carri
8、ed out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. I
9、SO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internati
10、onal Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the el
11、ements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 12637-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology. ISO 12637 consists of the following parts, under the general title Graphic tec
12、hnology Vocabulary: Part 1: Fundamental terms Part 2: Prepress terms Part 3: Printing terms Part 4: Postpress terms Part 5: Screen printing terms ISO 12637-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved v Introduction Documentation gives rise to numerous international exchanges of both intellectual and mate
13、rial nature. These exchanges often become difficult, either because of the great variety of terms used in various fields or languages to express the same concept, or because of the absence of, or the imprecision of, useful concepts. To avoid misunderstandings due to this situation and to facilitate
14、such exchanges, it is advisable to select terms to be used in various languages or in various countries to express the same concept, and to establish definitions providing satisfactory equivalents for the various terms in different languages. This part of ISO 12637 contains terms and definitions ass
15、ociated with the prepress stage of printing. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12637-2:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Graphic technology Vocabulary Part 2: Prepress terms 1 Scope This part of ISO 12637 defines a set of prepress terms which may be used in the drafting of other International Standard
16、s for graphic technology. In order to facilitate their translation into other languages, the definitions are worded so as to avoid, where possible, any peculiarity attached to one language. 2 Terms and definitions 2.1 aliasing jagged or staircase effect in a raster image, caused by an insufficient n
17、umber of image elements NOTE See also ISO 12651:1999, definition 4.38. 2.2 assembly placing digital, film or paper elements together in order on a suitable substrate or file NOTE See also ISO 12637-1:2006, definitions 2 and 3. 2.3 bit-mapped image image represented by an array of picture elements, e
18、ach of which is encoded as a single binary element NOTE 1 See also ISO 12651:1999, definition 4.02. NOTE 2 This is representation of characters or graphics by individual pixels, or points of colour/no-colour arranged in a row and column order (analogous to a graph paper grid). Each pixel is represen
19、ted by either one bit (black and white printing) or up to 32 bits (higher quality colour printing). Physically the bit map exists only as digital information in the computer memory until transformed into an image on a monitor or print output device. 2.4 bleed additional printing area outside the nom
20、inal printing area necessary for the allowance of mechanical tolerance in the trimming process ISO 15930-3:2002, definition 3.1 2.5 blind exchange exchange of compound entities that requires no exchange of technical information between sender and receiver in order to render the printed page as inten
21、ded by the sender ISO 12637-2:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved2.6 colour electronic prepress system CEPS electronic, computer-based, image manipulation system used to prepare digital data files of material for graphic arts printing production NOTE This term is used by the printing industry to
22、describe a class of equipment, used from 1980 to approximately 1995, which ushered in the electronic revolution in the printing and publishing industry. 2.7 characterization relationship between input/output device-dependent and device-independent values 2.8 characterized printing condition characte
23、rization of tone values in relation to colour definition in the various printing processes 2.9 choke process whereby background colour is expanded to overlap image perimeter to ensure that there is no visible gap between the two NOTE See also trapping (2.138). 2.10 chromaticity diagram graphical rep
24、resentation of two of the three dimensions of colour 2.11 CIE chromaticity coordinates trichromatic coefficients ratios of each of the tristimulus values of a colour to the sum of the tristimulus values NOTE In CIE (Commission Internationale de lEclairage) systems, these coordinates are designated X
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