IEEE 67-2005 en Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators《涡轮发电机操作和维护指南》.pdf

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1、IEEE Std 67-2005(Revision ofIEEE Std 67-1990)IEEE Guide forOperation and Maintenanceof Turbine GeneratorsI E E E3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA8 May 2006IEEE Power Engineering SocietySponsored by theElectric Machinery CommitteeRecognized as an IEEE Std 67-2005 American National Standard (

2、ANSI) (Revision of IEEE Std 67-1990) IEEE Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators Sponsor Electric Machinery Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Approved 17 April 2006 Reaffirmed 11 August 2011 American National Standards Institute Approved 29 November 2005 IEEE-SA Stan

3、dards Board ii Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. The working group thanks the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for permission to reproduce information from its International Standard IEC 60034-3. All such extracts are copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved.

4、 Further information on the IEC is available from www.iec.ch. IEC has no responsibility for the placement and context in which the extracts and contents are reproduced by the working group, nor is IEC in any way responsible for the other content or accuracy therein. Abstract: This guide covers gener

5、al recommendations for the operation, loading, and maintenance of turbine-driven synchronous generators that have cylindrical rotors. Keywords: cylindrical rotors, operation and maintenance of turbine generators, reactive capability, rotor windings, stator windings, turbine-driven synchronous genera

6、tors _ The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2006 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 8 May 2006. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered tradem

7、ark in the U.S. Patent +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 67-2005, IEEE Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Tu

8、rbine Generators. This introduction provides some background on the rationale for updating this guide. The scope of the guide remains the same as the existing guide. It is updated to include the latest industry information that is relevant to the existing standard IEEE Std 67-1990. Original Scope: T

9、his guide covers general recommendations for the operation, loading, and maintenance of turbine-driven synchronous generators of the types specified in the guide, that is, having cylindrical rotors. It does not apply to generators having salient pole rotors. This guide is not intended to supplant sp

10、ecific or general instructions contained in the manufacturers instruction book or in any contractual agreement between a manufacturer and a purchaser of a given machine. Because of the rapid development in generator design and because of the ingenuity of individual generator designers, many variatio

11、ns are incorporated in existing machines. Therefore, it is not possible in this guide to assign specific values or fixed methods. The most that this guide can accomplish is to offer accepted and tried values and methods and give warning where hazards might be encountered. The user should keep in min

12、d that this guide is written to cover the turbine generator. This guide is not intended to apply in any manner to the prime mover. This guide is for the use of the users (power utilities) and manufacturers of turbine generators. The reason for the revision is that it has been ten years since it was

13、previously revised and it needs updating due to the changes in the operating regimes of utilities today. The guide now includes such things as two-shifting operation information and considers the advances in machine designs. Notice to users Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can

14、 be accessed at the following URL: http:/ standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html.

15、 Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shal

16、l not be responsible for identifying patents or patent applications for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. iv Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Particip

17、ants At the time this guide was completed, the Working Group for the Revision of IEEE 67-1990 had the following membership: Geoffrey S. Klempner, Chair Michael W. Brimsek James R. Michalec Lon W. Montgomery Nils E. Nilsson Sameh Salem Trevor Stokes The following people also contributed to the prepar

18、ation of this guide: John D. Amos William H. Bartley Isidor Kerszenbaum William R. McCown Glenn A. Mottershead Klaus Sedlazeck Manoj Shah Konrad Weeber The following members of the balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Sabir Azizi

19、-Ghannad William H. Bartley Thomas Blair Michael W. Brimsek Weijen Chen Keith Chow Donald Dunn Guru Dutt Dhingra Ahmed El-Serafi Gary Engmann Robert E. Fenton Jorge Fernandez-Daher Trilok Garg Nirmal Ghai James Grant Randall Groves Bal Gupta Paul Hamer Edward Horgan, Jr. Dennis Horwitz David W. Jack

20、son Reinhard Joho Innocent Kamwa Joseph Kisela Geoffrey S. Klempner Jason Lin Bill Lockley Lisardo Lourido Keith Malmedal Jesus Martinez William R. McCown William McDermid James R. Michalec G. Michel Lon W. Montgomery Krste Najdenkoski Nils E. Nilsson Johannes Rickmann Manoj Shah Dave Singleton Kenn

21、eth Stenroos Gregory Stone Shanmugan Thamilarasan Gerald Vaughn James Wilson Hugh Zhu v Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. The final conditions for approval of this guide were met on 29 November 2005. This guide was conditionally approved by the IEEE-SA Standards Board on 8 November 2005, wit

22、h the following membership: Steve M. Mills, Chair Richard H. Hulett, Vice Chair Don Wright, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Mark D. Bowman Dennis B. Brophy Joseph Bruder Richard Cox Bob Davis Julian Forster* Joanna N. Guenin Mark S. Halpin Raymond Hapeman William B. Hopf Lowell G. Johnson Herman

23、 Koch Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Daleep C. Mohla Paul Nikolich T. W. Olsen Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Gary S. Robinson Frank Stone Malcolm V. Thaden Richard L. Townsend Joe D. Watson Howard L. Wolfman *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board li

24、aisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Alan H. Cookson, NIST Representative Jennie Steinhagen IEEE Standards Project Editor vi Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Cautions. 1 1.3 Manufacturer and user respons

25、ibilities 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 3 4. Classification of generators 3 4.1 Generator types 3 4.2 Cooling methods 4 4.3 Coolant circulation methods 5 4.4 Other common terms . 5 5. Basis of rating. 7 5.1 General considerations. 7 5.2 Temperature limits. 7 5.3 Temperature rise 7 5.4 M

26、ethods of temperature measurement. 8 5.5 Limitations in the methods of measuring temperatures . 10 6. Loading. 11 6.1 Limitations on loading. 11 6.2 Loading within rating 13 6.3 Active and reactive power relationship 13 6.4 Loading outside of nameplate rating . 18 6.5 General considerations. 22 7. O

27、peration 23 7.1 Requirements for operation . 23 7.2 Reactive capability curves . 25 7.3 Miscellaneous considerations 26 7.4 Starting and rate-of-load changes 29 7.5 Shutdowns . 30 7.6 Monitoring, supervision, and protection 31 7.7 Unbalanced current operation 33 7.8 Out-of-synchronism operation (fie

28、ld maintained) .33 7.9 Loss of field. 35 7.10 Field preheating . 35 7.11 Operation with field circuit grounded 35 7.12 Field forcing by voltage regulator . 36 7.13 Loss of coolant flow 36 vii Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. 7.14 Operation under extreme emergency conditions . 36 7.15 Motori

29、ng of turbine generators at synchronous speed. 37 7.16 Operation of turbine generators at other than synchronous speed . 38 8. Maintenance . 39 8.1 General considerations. 39 8.2 Collector rings and brushes . 40 8.3 Air filters . 42 8.4 Generator coolant heat exchangers 42 8.5 Hydrogen leak detectio

30、n 42 8.6 Complete inspection 44 8.7 Cleaning and painting 48 8.8 Moisture protection 48 8.9 Testing . 49 9. Mechanical considerations . 50 9.1 Concentricity of rotor in stator. 51 9.2 Axial position of rotor with respect to stator . 51 9.3 Vibration 52 9.4 Shaft currents. 54 Annex A (informative) Bi

31、bliography . 57 A.1 General 57 A.2 Operation 57 A.3 Operation and maintenance 59 A.4 Protection and relaying . 60 A.5 Rotor fields . 60 A.6 Stator magnetic vibration and noise 61 A.7 Bearings and shaft currents. 62 Annex B (informative) Problem diagnosis. 63 viii Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights rese

32、rved. IEEE Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators 1. 1.11.2Overview Scope This guide covers general recommendations for the operation, loading, and maintenance of turbine-driven synchronous generators, termed turbine generators, having cylindrical rotors. It does not apply to gene

33、rators having salient pole rotors. The generators covered by this guide are to have rated outputs of 10 MVA and above. Cylindrical-rotor, two-pole and four-pole generators below this rating are generally covered by NEMA MG 1.1This guide is not intended to supplant specific or general instructions co

34、ntained in the manufacturers instruction book or in any contractual agreement between a manufacturer and a purchaser of a given machine. Because of the rapid development in generator design and because of the ingenuity of individual generator designers, many variations are incorporated in existing m

35、achines. Therefore, it is not possible in this guide to assign specific values or fixed methods. The most that this guide can accomplish is to offer accepted and tried values and methods and give warning where hazards might be encountered. The user should keep in mind that this guide is written to c

36、over the turbine generator. This guide is not intended to apply in any manner to the prime mover. Cautions It must be recognized that component loads more severe than those permitted by the nameplate should not be applied without a thorough study of the possible consequences that might arise from th

37、e specific operating conditions. It is recommended that in all such cases the specific conditions be discussed with the manufacturer of the unit. Many IEEE and ANSI standards are referenced in this guide. The standards referenced will be those in effect when this revision is approved. Users are caut

38、ioned to carefully review the history of older machines with respect to IEEE and ANSI standards in effect at the time the particular generator was manufactured. Older machines may not operate satisfactorily to the requirements of modern standards with regard to temperature rise, overload capability,

39、 abnormal operating conditions, etc. A requirement for the proper and successful operation and maintenance of turbine generators is knowledge of their construction, operation, and system dynamic characteristics. Information of this type is contained in 1For information on references, see Clause 2. 1

40、 Copyright 2006 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Std 67-2005 IEEE Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators this guide and more detailed and specific information is to be found in the manufacturers instruction book and related technical data. Much of this information quite properly co

41、ncerns the normal “round-the-clock” steady-state operating conditions. Advances in generator design and application over the past several decades have, however, made attention to unusual or transient conditions more important. Rapid and accurate comprehension and interpretation of changes in the mac

42、hine or its operation characteristics is, therefore, also essential to efficient operation and maintenance. 1.32. Manufacturer and user responsibilities Some suggestions made in this guide involve operation under conditions not covered by nameplate or specification conditions. The purpose of a gener

43、ator nameplate is to identify the machine with respect to the manufacturer and to indicate a basic rating as fixed by the purchasers specification. The temperatures stated on the nameplate are in accordance with applicable industry standards and/or purchasers specifications. It should not be assumed

44、 that the generator is capable of safe operation up to these temperature levels without checking the generator capability curves and other specified parameters. When a generator is operated within its capability, the user may expect maximum reliability and life. On occasion, consideration must be gi

45、ven to operation beyond the range of specified capabilities. In those cases, all of the various factors involved must be carefully considered in determining the users risks. Operator training is the responsibility of the user. The complex operating characteristics of a synchronous generator, its exc

46、itation system, and auxiliaries are not easily understood without proper instruction. Todays larger direct-cooled units have little or no operating capability without the cooling equipment. Stability considerations of the transmission and distribution systems make it essential to understand the basi

47、c relationships among a generators terminal voltage, line current, active power, reactive power, rotor voltage, rotor current, frequency, speed, etc. This guide can be used as a reference document for an effective operator training program. Normative references The following referenced documents are

48、 indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. These publications were used as references in preparing this guide and ar

49、e useful in the interpretation of its meaning. They also include useful bibliographies. IEEE Std 1, IEEE Recommended Practice: General Principles for Temperature Limits in the Rating of Electric Equipment and for the Evaluation of Electrical Insulation.2, 3IEEE Std 43, IEEE Recommended Practice for Testing Insulation Resistance of Rotating Machinery. IEEE Std 56, IEEE Guide for Insulation Maintenance for Large Alternating-Current Rotating Machinery (10 000 kVA and Larger). 2The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trad