2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld（含解析）新人教版必修3.doc

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1、1必修三 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 李仕才【短文语法填空】A poor farmer had a friend who was famous 1 the wonder apples he grew. One day, his mend gave the farmer a young apple tree and told him to take it home and plant it. The farmer was 2 (please) with the gift, but when he got home he did not how where

2、3 (plant) it. He was afraid that if he planted the tree near me road, strangers would steal the fruit. If he planted the tree in his field, his 4 (neighbor) would come at night and steal some of the apples. Finally he planted the tree in his wood, 5 no one could see it. 6 there was no sunlight or go

3、od soil, the tree soon died. Later me mend asked the farmer why he had planted the tree in such a poor place. “Whats the 7 (differ)?“the farmer said 8 (anger).“If I had planted the tree near the road, strangers would have stolen the fruit. If I had planted the tree in my field, my neighbors would ha

4、ve come at night and stolen some of the apples.“ “Yes,“ said the friend, “but at least someone could have enjoyed the fruit. Now you not only 9 (rob) everyone of the fruit, but also you have destroyed 10 good apple tree!“【文章大意】本文通过苹果树的故事告诉我们在人生中要学会与人分享。只有与人分享，我们才能得到真正的幸福和快乐。1.for【解析】考查介词。此处运用了 be fa

5、mous for 这个短语，表示“这个朋友因为种了神奇的苹果树而远近闻名” 。故填 for。2.pleased【解析】考查形容词。be pleased with是固定搭配，指“对感到满意” 。故填pleased。3.to plant【解析】考查非谓语。know 后面跟动词不定式，此处考查了“疑问词+不定式”结构。故填to plant。4.neighbours25.where【解析】考查连词。本句运用了定语从句，先行词是 his wood，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在他的林子里” 。故填 where。6.Because【解析】考查连词。句意：因为没有阳光和好的泥土，树不久就死了。前一句是后

6、一句的原因。故填 Because。7.difference【解析】考查名词。句意：那有什么不一样？在定冠词 the 后面跟名词。故填 difference。8.angrily9.have robbed【解析】考查时态。but also 并列句中用了现在完成时，所以此句中也用现在完成时。故填have robbed。10.the【解析】考查冠词。此处是特指朋友给这位农民的苹果树。故填 the。一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇harvest n& vt.& vi.收获；收割starve vi.& vt.使饿死drown vt.& vi.淹没；溺死；淹死wipe vt.擦；揩；擦去trick n诡计；

7、恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗gain vt.获得；得到gather vt.& vi.& n搜集；集合；聚集award n奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定remind vt.提醒；使想起3forgive vt.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；饶恕admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admirable adj.令人称赞的，令人钦佩的permission n许可；允许permit v许可；允许apologize vi.道歉；辩白apology n道歉2常考词汇origin n起源；由来；起因belief n信任；信心；信仰arrival n到来；到达；到达者energetic adj.充满活力

8、的；精力充沛的；积极的 energy n活力，干劲，精力fool n愚人；白痴；受骗者vt.愚弄；欺骗vi.干傻事；开玩笑adj.傻的agriculture n农业；农艺；农学agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的independence n独立；自主independent adj.独立的；自主的用所给单词的适当形式填空1That photo is a reminder (remind), a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of

9、glass.(2017天津卷)2Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant (移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits (permit), or in some cases, citizenship.(2017浙江卷)3It is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achiev

10、e its original (origin) purpose if it is dead.(2017北京卷)4We shared the belief (believe) that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and t

11、he festival.(2017全国卷)5The total rise in agricultural (agriculture) incomes in rich countries is 4greater than the fall in poor ones.(2016江苏卷)6It can make people more energetic (energy)(2016四川卷)7They are collected from the airport upon arrival (arrive) and brought to their accommodation in comfort.(2

12、016天津卷)8It was time also for the young panda to be independent (independence)(2016四川卷)9Chimps(黑猩猩)will cooperate in certain ways，like gathering (gather) in war parties to protect their territory.(2016江苏卷)10The effect of cows milk harvested (harvest) at different time has not been tested on humans up

13、 to now.(2016四川卷)“骗，欺骗”家族cheat v欺骗，欺诈，作弊n. 欺骗(行为)；骗子trick vt.欺骗；诈骗n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门fool vt.愚弄；欺骗 n. 愚人deceive v. 欺骗；蒙骗play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗“信任”家族belief n信任；信心；信仰faith n信任；信念；信仰trust n. & vt.信任convince vt.使确信；使信服rely v信任，信赖confidence n信任，信赖含 -ious 的必备形容词一览ambitious 有雄心的，野心勃勃的cautious

14、 小心的，谨慎的conscious 有意识的5envious 忌妒的，猜忌的glorious 光荣的mysterious 神秘的religious 宗教的常用“情感”名词集锦pleasure 愉快happiness 高兴shock 震惊；难过sorrow 悲伤；悲痛sadness 悲伤；难过【完形填空】My mother was a responsible teacher and she retired.So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.She had a little bit

15、of computer _1_，so I just set it up for her and let her _2_ with it on her own.As time went on，I _3_ the computer was hardly touched.She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her.I sat and _5_ everything and she seemed OK with what I said.Unfortunately，my sister called me at that mome

16、nt _6_ we talked on the phone for an hour.Then when I saw her again，she was sitting in front of the computer，looking quite _7_.The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared and she didnt know how to _8_ it off.She had tried _9_ every key and it didnt work.I told her， “Just _10_ the mouse a little.” What I m

17、eant was that she just needed to move the mouse around to _11_ the computer up.What she did was to _12_ the mouse and start shaking it around in midair until the _13_ went completely black.I couldnt help laughing because of her funny _14_.The more I laughed the _15_ she got.She thought that I was a(

18、n)_16_ teacher and she decided to figure the thing out herself.Well，at least I helped her overcome her _17_ of breaking something and encouraged her to _18_ a little.About a week later，I found a homemade _19_ card with a mouse on the front making a funny face _20_ to my door.It said， “Thanks for the

19、 computer lessons.Love，Mom.”1A.theory BknowledgeCtechnology Dhistory62A.watch BtrainCplay Dsee3A.found BheardCthought Dignored4A.why BwhenChow Dwhere5A.learned BdescribedCexplained Ddiscussed6A.and BbutCbecause Dsince7A.amusing BrelaxedCinteresting Ddiscouraged8A.get BbreakCcut Dturn9A.hitting Bfeel

20、ingCchanging Dremoving10A.hang BshakeCrub Dpush11A.clean BwakeCbring Dtake12A.put up Bcut offCpick up Dput away13A.screen BcurtainCcover Dwindow14A.adjustment BimitationCexpression Daction15A.ruder BhappierCangrier Dbetter16A.impatient BhumorousCcareful Dhelpful17A.sadness BpressureCfear Ddepression

21、18A.reply BobserveCanswer Dexperiment719A.inviting BgreetingCshopping Dbirthday20A.appeared BstuckCcombined Dprinted【解题导语】该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事。1B 根据下文中的“She said she didnt know _4_ to use it.I decided to teach her”可推知，作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少，此处指电脑知识(knowledge)。2C 根据上文中的“So I decided to give her one of my ol

22、d computers to help her pass the time”可知，作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩。play with.“玩” 。3A 随着时间的推移，作者发现(found)电脑几乎没被碰过。4C 根据下文中的“I decided to teach her”可推知，母亲并不知道怎么(how)使用电脑，于是作者决定教她。5C 根据空处前一句“I decided to teach her”和空后的“and she seemed OK with what I said”可推知，作者给母亲讲解(explained)了相关的电脑知识。6A 根据语境可知，空处应填连词 and

23、，表示“然后，接着” 。7D 结合语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，感到很泄气(discouraged)。8D 根据空前的“The screen saver(屏幕保护程序)had appeared”及常识可推知，电脑出现屏幕保护程序，母亲不知道怎么把它关掉。turn off“关掉” 。9A 根据空后的“and it didnt work”可推知，母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序，于是就按(hitting)了每一个键。10B 根据语境可推知，作者教母亲稍微晃动(shake)鼠标即可。下文中的“start shaking it”也是提示。11B 根据语境可推知，作者是让母亲移动鼠标，唤醒电脑。wake

24、 up“唤醒” ，符合语境。12C 根据空后的“start shaking it around in midair”可推知，母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来(pick up)，在空中摇晃。13A 根据语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，拿着鼠标乱晃，结果电脑屏幕(screen)全黑了。14D 根据语境可知，作者被母亲搞笑的行为(action)给逗乐了。15C 根据语境可知，作者越笑，母亲越生气(angrier)。16A 根据空后的“she decided to figure the thing out herself”可推知，身为老师的母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法，认为作者没有耐心(impati

25、ent)。17C 根据语境可推知，作者帮助母亲走出了害怕(fear)损坏东西的阴影，鼓励母亲8再尝试一下。18D 参见上题解析。experiment“尝试” ，符合语境。19B 根据语境可知，母亲自己制作了一张贺卡(greeting card) ，对作者表示感谢。20B 根据语境可知，此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上。stick to.意为“粘/贴在” 。二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词/副词dress up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰turn up 出现；到场set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起remind.of.使想起2动词名词(介词)take place 发生keep ones word 守信用

26、；履行诺言 hold ones breath 屏息；屏气have fun with 玩得开心play a trick on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑3其他形式in memory of 纪念；追念look forward to 期望；期待；盼望用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1Im looking_forward_to meeting you next Sunday.(2017全国卷)2Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings.(2016全国卷)3El Ni o(厄尔尼诺)takes_place almost every yea

27、r all over the n world.(2016江苏卷)4Once you have promised to do something，you should keep_your_word.5Its already half past ten，but she hasnt_turned_up yet.6The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in_memory_of the dead.“动词sb.of”短语集锦9accuse sb.of 控告某人犯某罪，指责某人做某事cure sb.of 治好某人某病rid sb.of 使某

28、人摆脱某物cheat sb.of 欺骗某人某物remind sb.of 使某人想起某事物inform sb.of 通知某人某事rob sb.of 抢劫某人某东西warn sb.of 警告某人某事convince sb.of 使某人确信某事tell sb.of 和某人说起某事word 相关短语全接触keep ones word 履行诺言break ones word 违背诺言in other words 换句话说in a/one word 总之have a word with sb. 与某人交谈have words with sb. 和某人吵架三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句 学句型

29、练仿写1.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天，人们就会挨饿。“主语beadj.to do”句式。就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。As far as Im concerned, this maths problem is_very_difficult_to_work_out. 2.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or

30、to satisfy the ancestors，who might return either to help or to do harm.有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。either.or.意为“或者或者” ，在句中连接两个相同的句子成分。人们可以把它们当作礼物送给朋友或者挂在自己家里。People can either_give_them_as_gifts_to_friends_or hang them in their houses.3.It was obvious that the Itbeadj.that.

31、 很明显你犯了一个严重的错误。10manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开，it 为形式主语。 下次要细心点！It_is_obvious_that youve made a serious mistake.Please be careful next time！4.While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。while 意为“当的时候” ，在句中

32、引导时间状语从句。当在大学学习时，他见到了这位歌手并与之成为了好朋友。While_he_was_studying_in_the_university，he met with the singer and they became good friends.【短文改错】Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall.In the fact，this happens in many place of interest. I had some suggestions to

33、solve this problem.First，make more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti (涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such as a fine，is necessary to tourists with so bad behavior. Also，I think its helpfully to put up some boards along the tourist attractions that tourists can leave messages.Im sure with ou

34、r efforts，more and more people will become concerning about protecting cultural relics.【答案】 Recently，a famous basketball player has caused public by writing on angryangerthe Great Wall.In fact，this happens in many of interest.I some theplaceplaces hadhavesuggestions to solve this problem.First，make

35、more posters to inform the public the damage of graffiti of/about(涂鸦)Besides，punishments，such as a fine， necessary to tourists with isare sosuchbad behavior. Also，I think its to put up some boards along the helpfullyhelpfultourist attractions tourists can leave messages.thatwhere11Im sure with our e

36、fforts，more and more people will become about concerningconcernedprotecting cultural relics.第一处：angryanger。考查名词。形容词 public 修饰名词，故用名词形式。第二处：删除 fact 前的 the。考查固定搭配。in fact 为固定搭配，意为“事实上” ，the 多余。第三处：placeplaces。考查名词的数。根据该句中的 many 可知，名词 place 应当用复数形式。第四处：hadhave。考查时态。根据上下文可知，该句陈述的是目前的情况，故用一般现在时。第五处：publi

37、c 后加 of/about。考查介词。inform sb.of/about sth.为固定搭配，表示“通知某人某事” 。第六处：isare。考查主谓一致。该句主语为复数名词 punishments，故系动词用复数形式are。第七处：sosuch。考查限定词。该句中 behavior 为不可数名词，只能用 such 修饰。so 用于“soadj.a/an可数名词”结构。第八处：helpfullyhelpful。考查形容词。is 为系动词，后接形容词作表语。第九处：thatwhere。考查定语从句的关系词。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为 boards，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导该定语从句。第十处：concerningconcerned。考查固定搭配。be/become concerned about 为固定短语，意为“关注” 。