SAE ARP 1554D-2009 Vehicle Transport Unit Load Device (ULD)《车辆运输单位负荷设备(ULD)》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p

3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497

4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/ARP1554D AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ARP1554 REV. D Issued 1984-10 Revised 200

5、9-12 Reaffirmed 2015-02 Superseding ARP1554C Vehicle Transport Unit Load Device (ULD) RATIONALE ARP1554D has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE five-year review policy. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 3 1.1 Purpose . 3 1.2 Type A, B, C 3 1.3 Design Objectives . 6 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 6 2.1 SAE Pub

6、lications . 6 2.2 NAS Standards . 6 2.3 IATA publications 7 2.4 ISO Publications 7 2.5 Other Publications . 7 3. DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS . 8 3.1 United States Department of Transportation 8 3.2 IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations 8 3.3 ICAO 8 4. REQUIREMENTS . 8 4.1 Dimensions . 8 4.2 Airworthiness

7、 Approval . 8 4.3 Construction 9 4.4 Base 9 4.5 Vehicle Support . 10 4.6 Type A Units - Lower Deck . 12 4.7 Type B Unit - Main Deck - Slanted Type 12 4.8 Type C Unit - Main Deck - Two Level Type 13 5. CARGO LOADING 13 6. ASSEMBLY AND DISASSEMBLY OF THE UNIT 14 6.1 Attachment Fittings . 14 6.2 Loadin

8、g and Preparation for Shipment . 14 6.3 Disassembly and Return Haul Usage . 14 7. TARE WEIGHT LIMITS. 15 8. RESTRAINT PROVISIONS 15 8.1 Aircraft Restraint Provisions 15 8.2 Attachment Fittings . 15 8.3 Vehicle Restraint Provisions . 15 9. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA . 16 9.1 Operating Conditions 16 9.2 M

9、aterials and Processes . 16 10. LOADS 16 10.1 Vehicle Loads 16 10.2 Load Ratings . 16 10.3 Ultimate Load Criteria Aircraft 17 10.4 Operating Loads - Ground Transportation Minimum Requirements 17 11. TESTING . 17 11.1 Scope 17 11.2 Test Criteria . 18 11.3 Recommended Test Equipment . 18 11.4 Testing

10、Requirements . 18 12. NOTES 19 FIGURE 1 GENERAL ILLUSTRATION OF UNIT TYPES 5 FIGURE 2 FORKLIFT TINEWAYS CONFIGURATION . 11 SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 2 OF 191. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This document provides functional, dimensional, structural, and environmental requirements for vehicle transport devices u

11、sed to transport vehicles in wide-body aircraft. These devices are intended for use either in conjunction with NAS 3610 or AS36100 approved air cargo pallets or with specially designed and approved air cargo pallets. The unit load device (ULD) shall facilitate alteration for carriage of general carg

12、o during return haul. Pallet nets used in conjunction with existing pallets in order to restrain general cargo are also described in NAS 3610 and AS36100. The minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the word “shall“. Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word “should“, an

13、d while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing dependable, economical, and practical vehicle transport devices. Deviation from recommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing, and thorough service evaluations have shown alternate

14、methods to be satisfactory. It is the intent of this document to specify minimum air and ground handling features and to ensure interchange capability and compatibility with present and future air transport and ground handling systems. It is not the intent of this document to specify equipment desig

15、ns. 1.2 Type A, B, C The unit load devices specified herein shall be designed primarily for the transport of vehicles and alternately for the transport of general air cargo in an acceptable and profitable manner. This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes three types of transport unit

16、s for carriage of vehicles in cargo compartments of certified civil transport aircraft. The term vehicle is used so as to encompass the possible transport of vehicles such as golf carts, light commercial vehicles, motorbikes etc. in addition to cars / automobiles. Type A (lower deck) and Type B (mai

17、n deck) will be used for carriage of one vehicle in conjunction with an air cargo pallet secured within an aircraft restraint system designed to be compatible with NAS 3610 or AS36100 approved ULDs, primarily in a random intermix with general cargo pallets. Type C (main deck) will be used, in order

18、to maximize volume utilization, for carriage of two or four vehicles as either a full or part charter operation (see Figure 1). The equipment covered by this ARP are units that interface with suitably approved / certified ULDs (typically air cargo pallets). It does not seek to bring into being any n

19、ew type of ULD, although nothing prevents a potential new ULD being developed which uses this ARP as a guide to the design process. a. Type A: Will be used for carriage of one vehicle on the lower deck of both freighter and/or passenger wide body aircraft, in conjunction with either a 60.4 in x 125

20、in (1534 mm x 3175 mm), a 88 in x 125 in (2235 mm x 3175 mm) or 96 in x 125 in (2438 mm x 3175 mm) air cargo pallets. b. Type B: Will be used for carriage of one vehicle in slanted configuration on the main deck of freighter wide-body aircraft, in conjunction with either 88 in x 125 in (2235 mm x 31

21、75 mm) or 96 in x 125 in (2438 mm x 3175 mm) air cargo pallets. NOTE: Max allowed angle for slanted car position is 40 degrees. When the vehicle is loaded lengthwise in an aircraft, the lower end must face forward to cover angle of attack at takeoff. CAUTION: The angle of the vehicle storage in the

22、transport device is to be checked as some vehicles are not permitted to be transported at a certain angle due to potential spillage or overflow of liquids (hydraulic / battery / lubricants, etc.). SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 3 OF 19c. Type C: Will be used for carriage of two or four vehicles in a dou

23、ble level configuration on the main deck of freighter aircraft, in conjunction with: 1. either NAS 3610 or AS36100 approved air cargo pallet(s) , 2. or specially designed and approved air cargo pallet(s) matching the width of vehicles in order to ensure maximum use of aircraft volume. 1.2.1 Two kind

24、s of Vehicle Transport ULDs are identified: a. general purpose vehicle ULDs, useable as a single unit or in a vehicle charter mode but with a variety of models / types fitting the geometry constraints b. dedicated vehicle ULDs designed to optimize volume and handling efficiencies with a single defin

25、ed vehicle model when used on regular charter programs. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 4 OF 19FIGURE 1 - GENERAL ILLUSTRATION OF UNIT TYPES SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 5 OF 191.3 Design Objectives 1.3.1 Accommodate as many vehicle types and sizes as is feasible within the aircraft envelope with emphasis

26、on those most frequently shipped. 1.3.2 Ensure profitable return haul usage with general air cargo. 1.3.3 Ensure accessibility and compatibility to meet the minimum dangerous goods requirements for preparation of vehicles for shipment. 1.3.4 Protect vehicles from damage. 1.3.5 Ensure maintainability

27、 using standard high quality aerospace practices. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of t

28、he purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Ava

29、ilable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. Note: No revision number is indicated. Check the latest published revision on the SAE website AS1130 Air and Air/Surface (Platform)

30、Cargo Pallets AS1491 Interline Air Cargo Pallet AS36100 Air Cargo Unit Load Devices Performance Requirements and Test Parameters AS33601 Track and Stud Fitting for Cargo Transport Aircraft, Standard Dimensions for AS5385 Cargo Restraint Straps Design Criteria and Testing Methods ARP1334 Ground Equip

31、ment Requirements for Compatibility with Aircraft Unit Load Devices (IATA AHM 911 is equivalent) ARP5595 Cargo Restraint Straps - Utilization Guidelines ARP5486 Air Cargo Pallets Utilization Guidelines ARP36103 Air Cargo Unit Load Devices Center of Gravity Control Methods 2.2 NAS Standards Available

32、 from Aerospace Industries Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1700, Arlington, VA 22209-3928, Tel: 703-358-1000, www.aia-aerospace.org. NAS 3610 Minimum Requirements and Test Conditions for Cargo Unit Load Devices U.S. Government Publications SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 6 OF 192.3 IATA publica

33、tions Available from International Air Transport Association, 800 Place Victoria, P.O. Box 113, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4Z 1M1, Tel: 1-514-874-0202, www.iata.org. IATA 50/0 Requirements for Interlining Unit Load Devices (ULDs) IATA 50/1 NAS 3610 Class II Aircraft Pallets IATA 50/9 ISO Size Cargo P

34、allets IATA 90/3 Aircraft ULD for Automobile Transport 2.4 ISO Publications Available from either American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25W 43rdSt., New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel212-642-4900, www.ansi.org Or International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Varembe, Case Postale 56, C

35、H-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.org. ISO 4116 Air cargo equipment - Ground equipment requirements for compatibility with aircraft ULDs ISO 4117 Air and Air/Land cargo pallets - Specification and testing ISO 4171 Air cargo equipment Interline Pallet ISO 8097 Aircraft - M

36、inimum Airworthiness Requirements and Test Conditions for Certified Air Cargo Unit Load Devices ISO 8268 Air cargo equipment - Automobile transport devices - Basic requirements ISO 9788 Air Cargo Equipment - Cast Components of Double Stud Fitting Assembly with a load capacity of 22 250N (5 000lbf) f

37、or aircraft cargo restraint ISO 16049-1 Air-Cargo Restraint straps Part 1: Design criteria and testing methods ISO 16049-2 Air-Cargo - Restraint straps Part 2: Utilisation guidelines ISO 16412 Pallet Utilization Guidelines PAS 21100 Air Cargo Unit Load Devices Performance Requirements and Test Param

38、eters 2.5 Other Publications Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, 732 N Capitol St. NW, Washington DC 20401, Tel 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov United States Department of Transportation Motor Carriers Safety Regulations - Part 393.100, Subpart I, “Protection Against Falling or Shifting

39、Cargo“ SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 7 OF 193. DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS It is not the intent of this document to provide criteria applicable to the safe air transport of vehicles as far as hazardous materials / dangerous goods regulations are concerned. Details of applicable regulations can be found

40、 in the following: 3.1 United States Department of Transportation United States Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration Regulations, Parts 173.120, 173.250, 173.257, 173.306, 175.305, and 176.905. 3.2 IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations IATA Dangerous Goods R

41、egulations, Packing Instructions 900 and 901. 3.3 ICAO ICAO Document Number 9284, Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. 4. REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Dimensions 4.1.1 Type A Shall adapt to a pallet length of 125 in (3175 mm) and should have an adjustable width range of 58 in

42、 (1473 mm) to 88 in (2235 mm) and/or 96 in (2438 mm). 4.1.2 Type B Shall adapt to a pallet length of 125 in (3175 mm) and should have an adjustable width of 88 in (2235 mm) or 96 in (2438 mm). 4.1.3 Type C Shall adapt to a pallet length of 196 in (4978 mm) or 238.5 in (6058 mm) and should have an ad

43、justable width range with, at least, 62.5 in (1588 mm), 88 in (2235 mm), and 96 in (2438 mm) fixed positions. 4.2 Airworthiness Approval 4.2.1 The unit together with its base pallet shall be approved for installation in the aircraft type(s) for which it is intended 4.2.2 The unit together with its b

44、ase pallet shall meet all the applicable requirements of the approved Weight and Balance Manual(s) of this (these) aircraft type(s) 4.2.3 Airworthiness requirements compliance can be achieved in one of two ways: a. Where possible, through the base pallet being approved under TSO C90 in reference to

45、AS36100 or NAS 3610, with the units structure being considered as a palletisation accessory (see ARP5486 para 8.4.1 and 8.4.3), subject to all the following conditions being met: no modification of the base pallet as approved The loads imposed on the pallet edge rails by securing the loaded unit sha

46、ll not exceed the capability of the pallet edge rail. These loads shall be applied to the edge rail at positions either the same as those defined for net attachment in the pallets TSO C90 airworthiness approval, or as close as possible to such defined points. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP1554D 8 OF 19Note a

47、ircraft pallet nets are not generally recommended for restraining vehicles, and any tie-down straps (general purpose or purpose built) used as primary restraints shall meet the requirements of AS5385C (ISO 16049-1). compliance with the intended aircraft(s) maximum area load, running load, and ULD C-

48、of-G range at the intended aircraft positions. NOTE: This usually requires stiffening / load spreading members to be part of the devices structure. b. Where the pallet cannot be, or remain, TSO approved (e.g. due to its being a special size, the pallets approval becoming invalid due to modification

49、of the pallet, or the device being permanently attached to the base pallet such that the whole consitutes an integral unit). Under these circumstances, the whole unit must be approved under a STC or alternative approval procedure (see ARP5486 para 8.4.2) 4.3 Construction 4.3.1 Units shall be rugged, weatherproof, and lightweight. 4.3.2 Components shall not permit liquids, sand, or debris to accumulate within. 4.3