[考研类试卷]考研英语（一）模拟试卷4及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 4 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 The Bible is the great work of the religious literature and was in process of formation for about twelve hundred years. The Bible is

2、 composed of【1】, legend, biography, genealogies, ethics, law, proverbial wisdom, sermons, prophesy, lyric poetry, hymns and theology. It is not only【2】a book but a 【3】of books. The Bible 【4】 two major【5】, the Old Testament and the NewTestament. The Old Testament was written originally almost entirel

3、y【6】Hebrew with a little Aramaic, from the eleventh to the second century BC. It is the national【7】literature of the people of Israel. The New Testament was written in Greek from about 40 AD to 150. It【8】the earliest documents【9】the life, teaching, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus and the estab

4、lishment of the【10】church. The【11】work is from the first book Genesis, to the last,Revelations. The【12】and richness of the Bible【13】literature 【14】the Old Testament are unparalleled. In the literary【15】, poetry, The Bible is【16】. The Bible is an assemblage of literature. It is in a unique【17】among t

5、he worlds books【18】the richness of its【19】and spiritual values. It can be called the【20】of books.（A）fiction（B） history（C） novel（D）drama（A）presumably（B） shortly（C） presently（D）simply（A）collection（B） constitution（C） criticism（D）contradiction（A）makes（B） moderates（C） comprises（D）composes（A）diversion（B）

6、distinction（C） divisions（D）discrepancy（A）on（B） by（C） with（D）in（A）permanent（B） religious（C） identical（D）theoretical（A）contains（B） contaminates（C） commends（D）commences（A）through（B） on（C） within（D）by（A）Catholic（B） contemporary（C） Christian（D）confidential（A）vast（B） valid（C） verbal（D）virtual（A）divorce（B）

7、 distress（C） dismay（D）diversity（A）as（B） for（C） of（D）by（A）traditionally（B） conversely（C） especially（D）practically（A）standard（B） form（C） stand（D）formation（A）cunning（B） promising（C） underlying（D）surpassing（A）place（B） venue（C） position（D）site（A）for（B） on（C） in（D）to（A）greedy（B） artistic（C） practical（D）ab

8、surd（A）chapter（B） poem（C） romance（D）bookPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 If soldiering was for the money, the Special Air Service (SAS) and the Special Boat Service (SBS) would have disintegrated in recent y

9、ears. Such has been the explosion in private military companies (PMCs) that they employ an estimated 30,000 in Iraq aloneand no government can match their fat salaries. A young SAS trooper earns about 2,000 ($3,500 ) a month; on the “circuit“, as soldiers call the private world, he could get 15,000.

10、 Why would he not? For reasons both warm-hearted and cool-headed. First, for love of regiment and comrades, bonds that tend to be tightest in the most select units. Second, for the operational support, notably field medicine, and the security, including life assurance and pension, that come with the

11、 queens paltry shilling. Although there has been no haemorrhaging of special force (SF) fighters to the private sector, there has been enough of a trickle to cause official unease. A memo recently circulated in the Ministry of Defence detailed the loss of 24 SF senior non-commissioned officers to pr

12、ivate companies in the past year. All had completed 22 years of service, and so were eligible for a full pension, and near the end of their careers. Yet there is now a shortage of hard-bitten veterans to fill training and other jobs earmarked for them, under a system for retaining them known as “con

13、tinuance.“ America has responded to the problem by throwing cash at it, offering incentives of up to $150,000 to sign new contracts. The Ministry of Defence has found a cheaper ploy. It has spread the story of two British PMC employees, recently killed in Iraq, whose bodies were left rotting in the

14、sun.21 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that_.（A）the private world is called “circuit“ by soldiers（B） PMCs employ an estimated 30,000 soldiers in Iraq alone（C） Britains best soldiers stand resolute against mammon（D）A young SBS trooper earns about 15,00022 The word “security“ in the second

15、 paragraph most probably means_.（A）protection（B） document（C） certificate（D）safety23 Paragraph 2 is written to_.（A）advance both warm-hearted and cool-headed causes（B） reinterate the significance of queens paltry shilling（C） shed light on the love of regiment and comrades（D）interpret why young SAS tro

16、opers would not get 15,00024 The conclusion can be made from the third paragraph that_.（A）the Ministry of Defence detailed 24 SBS troopers（B） the fat salaries by the private military companies have worked to some SF troopers（C） the present system for retaining hard-bitten veterans is impeccable（D）20

17、 years of service underlies a full pension25 In the last paragraph of the text, the author has_.（A）comment on a tip（B） anticipate a result（C） made a contrast（D）depict a sample25 As any diplomat from Britain, Austria or Turkey can tell you, handling the legacy of a vanished, far-flung empire is a tri

18、cky business. But for Georgia, the gap between old glory and present vulnerability is especially wide. Todays Georgia is diminished by war, buffeted by geopolitics and recovering from post-Soviet chaos. But 800 years ago the country was a mighty military, cultural and ecclesiastical force. Its great

19、est monarch, Queen Tamara, defeated many foes (including her first husband) and built fine monuments. In her time, Georgia also had a big stake in the Christian life of the Holy Land. From Jerusalem to the Balkans, Georgias priests, artists and church-builders were active and respected. So too were

20、its poets, like Shota Rustaveli, the national bard who dedicated an epic to his beloved queen. In between seeking western aid and coping with power cuts, modern Georgia has pledged to keep a wary eye on every place where churches, inscriptions and frescoes testify to its golden age. That includes Gr

21、eece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and above all, Israel. Last year, Georgians were enraged when a fresco of Rustaveli, in a Jerusalem church under the care of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, was defaced, then badly restored. This year, a better restoration was done, but Georgians now want a promise t

22、hat in all future restoration their own experts can take part. They also want to stop the seepage of Georgian frescoes and icons, supposedly under the Patriarchates care, on to the art market. Several times, Georgia has had to use its meagre resources to buy back pieces of the national heritage. The

23、 hope is that things will improve with the recent election of a new Jerusalem Patriarch, after his predecessor was ousted under a cloud of scandal. Georgias ties with Israel are good, thanks to a thriving Georgian-Jewish community with happy memories of its homeland. Georgia also gets along with Gre

24、ece, amid a fug of sentimentality over legends about the Argonauts that link the two nations. But can these warm, fuzzy feelings translate into better protection for an ancient culture? That will be a challenge for Gela Bezhuashvili, who succeeds Salome Zourabichvili, the French-born diplomat who wa

25、s sacked, after a power struggle, as Georgian foreign minister on October 19th.26 The word “tricky“ in the first paragraph of the text denotes_.（A）deceptive（B） crafty（C） tough（D）tacit27 According to the text, Georgia used to be influential in_.（A）religion（B） agronomy（C） medicine（D）horticulture28 Rom

26、ania is mentioned in the text to_.（A）illustrate a fresco of Rustaveli（B） demonstrate the western aid Georgia obtained（C） indicate Georgias golden age（D）specify the scope of Georgias lookout29 It can be inferred from the text that the prospect of Georgias heritage protection_.（A）is to be a power stru

27、ggle（B） is liable to become better（C） is to be a cloud of scandal（D）is likely to become active and respected30 The authors attitude toward the transformation mentioned in the last paragraph is_.（A）affirmative（B） critical（C） negative（D）cautious30 Fear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurr

28、icanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brought with them not only appalling scenes of devastation, death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That

29、 migrating flock visible on the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature, could be carrying the virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people. Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising

30、 that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. After confirmation this week that the H5N1 strain of bird flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. Pre

31、sident George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governments clumsy response to Hurricane Katrina, has promised to rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the on

32、ly current antiviral drug, Tamiflu, which might be effective in saving lives in any pandemic or curbing its spread. The World Health Organisation is calling for an internationally co-ordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to

33、 take. Is any of this effort justified? Or are politicians simply helping to feed public panic, and then covering themselves by promising to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complac

34、ency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster planning, not least because the world is an inherently dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possi

35、ble.31 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that_.（A）strong resentment resulted from the lack of preparations to cope with recent disasters（B） the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastation（C） tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizon（D）r

36、eminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to avoid these disasters32 According to the text, American emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu_.（A）have been stipulated（B） have been enacted（C） have been abolished（D）have been delayed33 Which of the following remarks

37、on our available antiviral medication would the author make?（A）Effective but poisonous.（B） Harmful but populous.（C） Meager and not reliable.（D）Affordable and palatable.34 The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means_.（A）at most（B） not at all（C） marginally（D）particularly35 It

38、 can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text that_.（A）strong and intense response derive from the mass media（B） the attempts to be made can no longer be justified by their intention（C） public panic would be diluted by politicians promise（D）the only remedy is to spend lavishly against a threa

39、t35 The idea is as audacious as it altruistic: provide a personal laptop computer to every schoolchildparticularly in the poorest parts of the world. The first step to making that happen is whittling the price down to $100. And that is the goal of a group of American techno-gurus led by Nicholas Neg

40、roponte, the founder of the fabled MIT Media Lab. When he unveiled the idea at the World Economic Forum in January it seemed wildly ambitious. But surprisingly, it is starting to become a reality. Mr. Negroponte plans to display the first prototype in November at a UN summit. Four countriesBrazil, E

41、gypt, Thailand and South Africahave said they will buy over 1 m units each. Production is due to start in late 2006. How is the group, called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), able to create a laptop so inexpensively? It is mainly a matter of cleverly combining existing technologies in new ways. The lapt

42、op will have a basic processor made by AMD, flash memory instead of a hard disk, will be powered by batteries or a hand- crank, and will run open-source software. The $100 laptop also puts all the components behind the screen, not under the keyboard, so there is no need for an expensive hinge. So fa

43、r, OLPC has got the price down to around $130. But good news for the worlds poor, may not be such great news for the worlds computer manufacturers. The new machine is not simply of interest in the developing world. On September 22nd, Mitt Romney, the governor of Massachusetts, said the state should

44、purchase one for every secondary-school student, when they become available. Sales to schools are just one way in which the $100 laptop could change the computer industry more broadly. By depressing prices and fuelling the trend for “good-enough computing“, where customers upgrade less often, it cou

45、ld eventually put pressure on the worlds biggest PC-makers.36 According to the text, which of the following is beyond the publics anticipation?（A）The idea of cheap trick is starting to come true.（B） OLPC is able to create so inexpensive laptops.（C） Every secondary-school student will purchase a $100

46、 laptop.（D）Sales to schools are just one way to display the first prototype.37 The creation of the cheap laptop mentioned in the text relies on_.（A）hi-tech innovation by experienced scientists（B） novel means of combination（C） basic processors manufactured by AMD（D）the state-of-art facilities and equ

47、ipment38 It can be inferred from the text that_.（A）South Africa has claimed that it will purchase over one million units（B） the idea is as audacious as it altruistic（C） the flash memory will be supplanted by a hard disk（D）the desired price of the laptop has not been reached yet39 Mitt Romney is ment

48、ioned in the text so as to_.（A）evidence the cause for the disappointment of the international computer makers in the goal of OLPC（B） illustrate good news for the worlds poor（C） appeal the worlds computer manufacturers（D）analyse the psychological reaction to the cheap trick advanced by OLPC40 Based o

49、n the last paragraph, which of the following is true?（A）Every secondary-school student will be granted a $100 laptop in no time.（B） A $100 laptop for the poor could affect the computer industry.（C） The computer industry could be changed within a restricted range.（D）The worlds biggest PC-makers could be exempted from pressurPart B (10 points) 40 You are going to read a text about how to keep your job, followed by a list of important examples. Choose the best exampl