[考研类试卷]2015年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2015 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 APEC2 ASEAN3 OIE4 Into the Woods5 SCO6 WEC7 WFP8 APEC9 ASEAN10 Unbroken11 ICJ12 Chevrolet13 Ferrari14 Daily Mirror15 The White House Office汉译英16 博鳌亚洲论坛17 上海合作组织18 法制委员会19 反腐倡廉20 中国证券监督管理委员会21 宋庆龄基金会22 中国曲艺家协会23 香港特别行政区政府24 海军陆战队25 社会保障体系26 人才之家27 节能减排28 国际金融危机29 非物质文

2、化遗产30 五四运动英译汉31 Education is the harmonious development of all our faculties. It begins in the nursery, and goes on at school, but does not end there. It continues through life, whether we will or not. The only question is whether what we learn in after life is wisely chosen or picked up haphazard.

3、“ Every person,“ says Gibbon , “ has two educations, one which he receives from others, and one more important, which he gives himself. “ What we teach ourselves must indeed always be more useful than what we learn of others. “ Nobody,“ said Locke, “ ever went far in knowledge, or became eminent in

4、any of the Sciences, by the discipline and restraint of a Master. “Those who have not distinguished themselves at school need not on that account be discouraged. The greatest minds do not necessarily ripen the quickest. If, indeed, you have not taken pains, then, though I will not say that you shoul

5、d be discouraged, still you should be ashamed; but if you have done your best, you have only to persevere; for many of those who have never been able to distinguish themselves at school, have been very successful in after life. We are told that Wellington and Napoleon were both dull boys, and the sa

6、me is said to have been the case with Sir Issac Newton, Dean Swift, Clive, Sir Walter Scott, Sheridan, and many other eminent men. Evidently then it does not follow that those who have distinguished themselves least at school have benefited least.32 As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the m

7、ost philosophical. Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them. In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are,

8、whether we feel very rich or not. Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude not to mention the abundancethat Thanksgiving summons.Its tempting to think that one Thanksgiving is pretty much like another, except

9、 for differences in the guest list and the recipes. But it isnt true. This is always a feast about where we are now. Thanksgiving reflects the complexion of the year were in. Some years it feels buoyant, almost jubilant in nature. Other years it seems marked by a conspicuous humility uncommon in the

10、 calendar of American emotions.And this year? We will probably remember this Thanksgiving as a banquet of mixed emotions. This is, after all, a profoundly American holiday. The undertow of business as usual seems especially strong this year. The shadow of a war and misgivings over the future loom in

11、 the minds of many of us. Most years we enjoy the privacy of Thanksgiving, but this year, somehow, the holiday feels like part of a public effort to remember and reclaim for ourselves what it means to be American.汉译英33 老子说：“ 上善若水 ”水具有最高的善。老子以水来作比喻，突出他的 “不争”哲学思想，与恶意争斗的丛林法则相区别。老子说： “ 水善万物而不争。”水的最高的德行就

12、是“ 不争” 。在老子看来，人往高处走，水往低处流。人情受欲望驱使，好高而恶下，而水却永远地往下流淌。水是生命之源，可以滋润万物，给大地带来生命，没有水也就没有生命。水作出巨大的贡献，又不计较自己的得失。水在最低、最平、最静之处，包容天下一切，映照万物。水选择了一条和利欲熏心的人完全不同的道路。老子哲学并不是弱者的哲学，他的哲学充满了力量感。老子认为，水在柔弱宁静中，积聚了强大的力量，可以冲破世界上的一切障碍。他说：“天下莫柔弱于水，而攻坚强者莫之能胜。” 水是柔弱胜刚强的典型。水因为不争，不为利欲所驱动，所以能无往而不胜。2015 年华中师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确

13、答案】 亚太经济合作组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)2 【正确答案】 东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟，Association of Southeast Asian Nations)3 【正确答案】 世界动物卫生组织(法语：Office International des Epizooties)4 【正确答案】 魔法黑森林5 【正确答案】 上海合作组织(Shanghai Cooperation Organization)6 【正确答案】 世界能源理事会(World Energy Council)7 【正确答案】 世界粮食计划署(World Food Progr

14、amme)8 【正确答案】 亚太经济合作组织(AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation)9 【正确答案】 东南亚国家联盟(简称东盟，Association of Southeast Asian Nations)10 【正确答案】 坚不可摧11 【正确答案】 (联合国)国际法院(International Court of Justice)12 【正确答案】 雪佛兰(汽车品牌)13 【正确答案】 法拉利(汽车品牌)14 【正确答案】 每日镜报15 【正确答案】 白宫办公厅汉译英16 【正确答案】 Boao Forum for Asia(BFA)17 【正确答案】 Shan

15、ghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)18 【正确答案】 legislative Affairs Commission19 【正确答案】 to fight corruption and build a clean government20 【正确答案】 China Securities Regulatory Commission(CSRC)21 【正确答案】 China Soong Ching Ling Foundation22 【正确答案】 Chinese Quyi Artists Association23 【正确答案】 The Government of t

16、he Hong Kong Special Administrative Region24 【正确答案】 Marine Corps25 【正确答案】 social security system26 【正确答案】 Home for Talent27 【正确答案】 energy saving and emission reduction28 【正确答案】 international financial crisis29 【正确答案】 intangible cultural heritage30 【正确答案】 The May Fourth Movement英译汉31 【正确答案】 教育，即我们所有天

17、资的和谐发展。它始于幼稚园，续之于学校，但并不止于学校。不管我们愿意与否，教育都会贯穿我们的一生。唯一的问题在于我们后半生所学是出于明智之选择，还是出于偶然之所获。历史学家爱德华-吉本说：“每个人都会接受两种教育，一种受教于人，一种受教于己，而后一种教育更为重要。” 较之受教于人所得的收获，自我教育之收获肯定总是更有裨益。哲学家约翰-洛克就曾说：“仅凭老师的调教和约束，还不曾有人在学问上大有作为，或在某科学领域超凡出众。”在学校未崭露头角者不必因此而气馁。最具才智者未必就该最早成熟。当然，如果你并未努力，虽然我不会说你应该自馁，但你自己应该感到惭愧；不过，若是你已经竭尽全力，那你只需要持之以恒

18、；须知有众多在校时无法出类拔萃者，其后半生都大获成功。我们知悉，威灵顿公爵和拿破仑皇帝上学时都笨头笨脑，据说其他许多杰出人物念书时也同样愚钝，如艾萨克-牛顿爵士、斯威夫特、克莱武、沃尔特-司各特爵士、谢里丹等。由此可见，学业平庸并非老大无成之必然结果。32 【正确答案】 在众多的假日中，感恩节可以说是最令人深思的节日。今天我们会学着去珍惜和感恩。我们利用吃饭前的短暂时刻，透过那一成不变的生活，悟出背后的道理。换言之，无论我们觉得自己是否富有，我们都会尽力理解自身的富足。这一天，美国人会极为罕见地将欲望放下，因为它与感恩节提倡的感恩和富足格格不入。人们不禁会觉得，除了宾客和菜式不同，感恩节年年依

19、旧。实则不然。感恩节是我们现实处境的盛宴，它反映的是我们这一年来过得好坏。有些年这个节日是令人愉快的，几乎全都是喜气洋洋的。有些年，它可能充满了美国人通常不会表现出来的谦卑。那么今年呢? 我们可能记住的是感恩节好似一个交织着复杂情感的盛宴。毕竟，这是一个具有深远意义的美国特色节日之一。一如既往的经济衰退在今年尤显严重。战争的阴影和对未来的担忧一直盘踞在我们许多人的脑海中。多年来，感恩节一直是我们的家庭私事，但是今年，这一节日在某种意义上却是一种社会努力，要我们记住并且重新明白作为美国人意味着什么。汉译英33 【正确答案】 Laozi said, “The greatest virtue is

20、like water. He compared his philosophy of “non-contention“ to water , to distinguish it from the law of the jungle. He said, “ Water nourishes everything but contends for nothing. “ As he sees it, this non-contention is the greatest virtue of water. To Laozi, humans tend to seek higher positions whi

21、le water always flows to lower places. Driven by desire, humans like whatever they think is superior while despising whatever they think is inferior. Yet water always flows downward. As the source of life, water nourishes all living things on Earth. No life can exist without water. Water contributes

22、 to the world without regard for gain or loss. Remaining low, level and tranquil, water embraces and reflects everything under heaven. The way of water is completely different from the way of people with avid desires.But the philosophy of Laozi is by no means weak. On the contrary, it is full of str

23、ength. According to Laozi, water accumulates great strength in its weakness and quietude, which can break down all barriers in the world. He said, “ Nothing in the world is weaker than water. Yet nothing is stronger than water when it comes to breaking something strong. “ Water is a typical example of the weak winning over the strong. Water is invincible because it desires nothing and contends for nothing.