ITU-T L 1205-2016 Interfacing of renewable energy or distributed power sources to up to 400 VDC power feeding systems (Study Group 5).pdf

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1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T L.1205 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (12/2016) SERIES L: ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE

2、PLANT Interfacing of renewable energy or distributed power sources to up to 400 VDC power feeding systems Recommendation ITU-T L.1205 ITU-T L-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENT

3、S OF OUTSIDE PLANT OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Cable structure and characteristics L.100L.124 Cable evaluation L.125L.149 Guidance and installation technique L.150L.199 OPTICAL INFRASTRUCTURES Infrastructure including node element (except cables) L.200L.249 General aspects and network design L.250L.299 MAI

4、NTENANCE AND OPERATION Optical fibre cable maintenance L.300L.329 Infrastructure maintenance L.330L.349 Operation support and infrastructure management L.350L.379 Disaster management L.380L.399 PASSIVE OPTICAL DEVICES L.400L.429 MARINIZED TERRESTRIAL CABLES L.430L.449 For further details, please ref

5、er to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) i Recommendation ITU-T L.1205 Interfacing of renewable energy or distributed power sources to up to 400 VDC power feeding systems Summary The up to 400 volt DC (VDC) power solutions feeding the power interface of ICT/telecom equipm

6、ent as defined by the ITU-T L.1200 series, are well adapted to the straightforward use of renewable energy or distributed power sources through new simple direct current (DC) nano or micro grids. Recommendation ITU-T L.1205 defines the coupling of local or remote renewable energy into an up to 400 V

7、DC power system without reducing DC performances defined in Recommendation ITU-T L.1202 mainly for efficiency and reliability. The main advantages are saving of fossil fuel (as a source of primary energy consumption), reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increased resilience. Additional s

8、ite interconnection by a DC grid can even bring more optimization. One other big benefit is that compared to alternating current (AC), with 400 VDC there is no synchronization required between the various inputs, which keeps the architecture simple. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Grou

9、p Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T L.1205 2016-12-14 5 11.1002/1000/13144 Keywords DC grid, power architecture, power feeding, power supply, renewable energy, up to 400 VDC. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendatio

10、ns unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telec

11、ommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization A

12、ssembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology

13、which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance wit

14、h this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory

15、language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of th

16、is Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the dat

17、e of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult

18、 the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitio

19、ns 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 3 5 Conventions 4 6 Architecture of up to 400 VDC power with REN coupling . 4 6.1 Overview 4 6.2 Local and distant renewable energy coupling architecture to sites with up to 400 VDC power sys

20、tems 5 7 Conditions required to maintain specified performance for an up to 400 VDC power system 6 7.1 General introduction . 6 7.2 Electrical stability . 6 7.3 Reliability, maintainability and safety 8 7.4 Proper battery charge and management . 8 8 Control-monitoring and metering . 10 9 Assessment

21、of performances improvement of up to 400 VDC systems with REN power 10 9.1 Performance, reliability and efficiency assessment 10 9.2 Operational KPI of REN coupling to sites with up to 400 VDC systems 11 Annex A Different possible coupling architectures of REN energy to AC and DC site powering syste

22、ms or to a nano or micro grid . 12 A.1 Interconnection of REN on a single AC site input . 12 A.2 Interconnection of REN on single and multiple DC distribution system . 12 A.3 Interconnection of REN on single or multiple AC distribution frame . 13 A.4 Hybrid interconnection of REN on AC and DC distri

23、bution . 14 A.5 Interconnection of REN to a DC nano or micro grid . 15 Appendix I Details on coupling solution of REN generator to an up to 400 VDC system 17 Appendix II Control/Monitoring considerations for renewable energy system connexion to AC and DC points in DC systems 18 Appendix III General

24、consideration for sizing and power coupling of REN system to up to 400 VDC systems 20 III.1 General conditions impacting on the REN sizing and power coupling 20 III.2 Monosource system 20 III.3 Multisources management and balance between power sources and backup batteries 21 iv Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12

25、/2016) Page Bibliography. 22 Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) v Introduction The up to 400 VDC power feeding solution for ICT/telecom sites (data centres, telecommunication centres) and other building using the up to 400 VDC power interface defined in ITU-T L.1200, are well adapted to straightforward use

26、 of renewable energy or distributed power sources through the new DC nano or micro grids, most of them being more complex in alternating current (AC) than in direct current (DC). The DC allows greater simplification by avoiding frequency and phase synchronisation of AC generators or inverters. This

27、Recommendation aims at defining the interface and architecture for injecting renewable energy into an up to 400 VDC power system charged with providing power to telecom/ICT and facilities equipment with an interface compliant to that defined in ITU-T L.1200 and with a DC power architecture as define

28、d in b-ITU-T L.1204, without reducing DC performances defined in ITU-T L.1202 mainly for efficiency and reliability. The addition of local renewable energy will reduce energy consumption from the public utility and possibly fossil fuel primary energy consumption as well as the corresponding high gre

29、enhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Local renewable energy can also provide more resilience in case of public electric grid interruption. In addition, energy exchange is simple with distributed green power sources such as photovoltaic (PV), wind power, fuel cells or engine generators using green fuel, thro

30、ugh DC nano or micro grids at the level of a multi-building site or between different sites. These sites can be any type of information and communication technology (ICT) sites such as network access or nodes, data centres, customer premises including IoT devices, etc.). Such an inter-buildings or s

31、ites power interconnection is called a site grid as opposed to a public electric utility. These DC energy exchanges through site grids can provide a higher level of optimisation through: exploiting green-energy sources more efficiently by the optimal location of renewable energy generators (e.g., at

32、 windy sites or sites with low levels of sunlight) complementing local back-up power systems e.g., battery power sharing local renewable energy excesses of one site with other sites ensuring remote powering of distributed ICT sites in the neighbourhood (e.g., by dedicated remote DC power cables or h

33、ybrid optical and DC power cables) Injection of renewable energy into a legacy AC public utility irrespective of the use will lead to a greener use of electricity for ICT services, by avoiding undetermined use in the neighbourhood that may be inefficient. This could be precisely accounted for in key

34、 indicators on renewable energy use in one site or inter sites through a nano grid. Many of the documents listed in the bibliography elaborate on the benefits and need of coupling local renewable energy (REN) b-greenstar, b-Emerson DC REN or nano grids b-huawei to ICT installations and the advantage

35、s of doing so in DC b-Vicor Stephen, b-Starline, b-Emerson Case Study. The life cycle assessment (LCA) approach is described in more detail in b-ecodesigned DC. This Recommendation was developed jointly by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and ITU-T Study Group 5 and publish

36、ed respectively by ITU-T and ETSI as Recommendation ITU-T L.1205 and ETSI Standard ETSI ES 203 474, which are technically equivalent.Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T L.1205 Interfacing of renewable energy or distributed power sources to up to 400 VDC power feeding systems 1 Scope T

37、his Recommendation defines the interconnection of the site power installation feeding an up to 400 VDC interface, to site renewable energy or to distributed DC power sources. The aspects covered include: general power architectures for: connection of a site renewable energy source (PV, wind generato

38、r, fuel cells, etc.) to a site power plant and especially to a DC power system, (the site sources being on the buildings or around) exchange of power to and from a DC nano or micro grid for use and production outside of the site (this includes dedicated remote powering networks built for telecom/ICT

39、 access equipment but also more general purpose DC electric grids) conditions required to maintain the specified performance for the up to 400V power system: electrical stability reliability and maintainability proper battery charge and management lightning protection coordination electromagnetic co

40、mpatibility (EMC) and transient limits specification of proper power sizing (requirements for control-monitoring and power metering) assessment of performances (AC grid energy saving, reliability, flexibility, environmental impact, etc.) The current Recommendation does not cover: renewable energy di

41、mensioning power injection into the legacy AC utilities which is already covered by many Standards (e.g., IEC Standards), some of the smart power management possibilities through exchanges with DC nano or micro grids 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provi

42、sions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibi

43、lity of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommend

44、ation. ITU-T L.1200 Recommendation ITU-T L.1200 (2012), Direct current power feeding interface up to 400 V at the input to telecommunication and ICT equipment. 2 Rec. ITU-T L.1205 (12/2016) ITU-T L.1202 Recommendation ITU-T L.1202 (2015), Methodologies for evaluating the performance of up to 400 VDC

45、 power feeding system and its environmental impact. ITU-T L.1203 Recommendation ITU-T L.1203 (2016), Colour and marking identification of up to 400 VDC power distribution for information and communication technology systems. ETSI EN 301 605 ETSI EN 301 605 V1.1.1 (2013), Environmental Engineering (E

46、E); Earthing and bonding of 400 VDC data and telecom (ICT) equipment. ETSI ES 202 336-X ETSI ES 202 336 series (in force), Environmental Engineering (EE); Monitoring and Control Interface for Infrastructure Equipment (Power, Cooling and Building Environment Systems used in Telecommunication Networks

47、). IEC 60364-1 IEC 60364-1:2005, Low-voltage electrical installations Part 1: Fundamental principles, assessment of general characteristics, definitions. IEC 62368-1 IEC 62368-1:2014, Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment Part 1: Safety requirements. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms

48、 defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 interface P ITU-T L.1200: Interface, physical point, at which a power feeding system is connected to operate ICT equipment. 3.1.2 ICT equipment ITU-T L.1200: Information and communication equipment (e.g., switch

49、, transmitter, router, server and peripheral devices) used in telecommunication centres, data-centres and customer premises. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 back-up power system: Power system providing energy to equipment of an ICT/telecom site in case of downstream electrical power unavailability. 3.2.2 distributed power source: A local electrical power source where energy is produced close to the user