BS EN ISO 7731-2008 Ergonomics - Danger signals for public and work areas - nAuditory danger signals《人类工效学 公共场所和工作场所用危险信号 听觉危险信号》.pdf

《BS EN ISO 7731-2008 Ergonomics - Danger signals for public and work areas - nAuditory danger signals《人类工效学 公共场所和工作场所用危险信号 听觉危险信号》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《BS EN ISO 7731-2008 Ergonomics - Danger signals for public and work areas - nAuditory danger signals《人类工效学 公共场所和工作场所用危险信号 听觉危险信号》.pdf（28页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、BS EN ISO7731:2008ICS 13.180; 13.320NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDErgonomics Dangersignals for public andwork areas Auditorydanger signals (ISO7731:2003)This British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStrategy Co

2、mmittee on 30November 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 65132 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 7731:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 7731:2008. Itis identical to ISO 7731:2003. It supersedes BS EN ISO 7731:2005 whichis withd

3、rawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PH/9/1, Thermal environments.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users

4、 are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 7731September 2008ICS 13.180; 13.320 Supersedes EN ISO 7731:2005 English VersionErgonomics - Danger signals for public an

5、d work areas -Auditory danger signals (ISO 7731:2003)Ergonomie - Signaux de danger pour lieux publics et lieuxde travail - Signaux de danger auditifs (ISO 7731:2003)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 August 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

6、which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European S

7、tandard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national st

8、andards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Ki

9、ngdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 7731:2008: EBS EN

10、 ISO 7731:2008EN ISO 7731:2008 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 7731:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 “Ergonomics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 7731:2008 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics” the secretar

11、iat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to

12、 the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 7731:2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by

13、the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nationa

14、l standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pol

15、and, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 7731:2003 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 7731:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 7731:2008EN ISO 7731:2008 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between t

16、his European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Direct

17、ive 98/37/EC on machinery, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.

18、1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC Clause(s)/sub-claus

19、e(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC Qualifying remarks/Notes All clauses Annex I: 1.2.2, 1.7.0, 3.6.1 - WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 7731

20、:2008EN ISO 7731:2008 (E) 5 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide

21、 a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with t

22、he normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZB.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZB.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Dir

23、ective 2006/42/EC Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this EN Essential Requirements (ERs) of Directive 2006/42/EC Qualifying remarks/Notes All clauses Annex I: 1.1.6, 1.2.2, 1.7.1, 1.7.1.2, 1.7.2, 3.6.1 - WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within t

24、he scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 7731:2008ISO 7731:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 1 4 Safety requirements 3 4.1 General. 3 4.2 Recognition . 3 4.2.1 Introduction . 3 4.2.2 Audi

25、bility 3 4.2.3 Distinctiveness 3 4.2.4 Unambiguity 3 4.2.5 Moving sources. 3 4.3 Review of the signal 4 4.4 Recommended maximum level of the danger signal 4 5 Test methods. 4 5.1 Measurement equipment 4 5.2 Objective acoustic measurements 4 5.2.1 General. 4 5.2.2 Weighted measurements 4 5.2.3 Measur

26、ements made in the frequency domain 4 5.2.4 Measurement of the auditory signal with ambient noise present 5 5.3 Subjective test method. 5 6 Design criteria for auditory danger signals 5 6.1 General. 5 6.2 Sound-pressure level 5 6.3 Spectral characteristics 6 6.4 Temporal characteristics 6 6.4.1 Temp

27、oral distribution of the danger signal 6 6.4.2 Temporal distribution of the frequencies . 6 6.4.3 Duration of the danger signals 7 6.5 Information required from suppliers. 7 Annex A (normative) Definitions of symbols. 8 Annex B (normative) Calculation of effective masked threshold 9 Annex C (normati

28、ve) Listening test10 Annex D (informative) Examples of danger signals 11 Bibliography . 17 BS EN ISO 7731:2008ISO 7731:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).

29、The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-g

30、overnmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

31、. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a

32、vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7731 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 5, Ergonom

33、ics of the physical environment. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7731:1986), which has been technically revised. BS EN ISO 7731:2008ISO 7731:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction This International Standard specifies criteria applicable to the recognition

34、 of auditory danger signals, especially in cases where there is a high level of ambient noise. It covers auditory danger signals, desigated in the text of this standard by the use of the phrase “danger signals”, which apply to emergency signals and warning signals (see Table 1). Auditory danger sign

35、als can also be found in the following International Standards: ISO 8201 dealing with emergency evacuation signals; ISO 11429 dealing with auditory and visual danger signals. Various types of danger signals and their responses are described in Table 1. It should be noted that ISO 11429 covers this s

36、ubject in greater detail. Table 1 Various types of danger signals Type of danger signal Response Auditory emergency evacuation signal Leave the danger zone immediately Auditory emergency signal Take urgent action for rescue or protection Auditory warning signal Take preventative or preparatory actio

37、n Correctly designed signals can reliably call attention to a hazard or a dangerous situation, even when hearing protection is worn, without causing fright. BS EN ISO 7731:2008BS EN ISO 7731:2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7731:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Ergonomics Danger signals for publi

38、c and work areas Auditory danger signals 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the physical principles of design, ergonomic requirements and the corresponding test methods for danger signals for public and work areas in the signal reception area and gives guidelines for the design of the sig

39、nals. It may also be applied to other appropriate situations. The relevance given in the definitions as to the difference between an auditory emergency signal, auditory emergency evacuation signal and an auditory warning signal should be noted. The emergency evacuation signal is covered in ISO 8201.

40、 This International Standard does not apply to verbal danger warnings (e.g. shouts, loudspeaker announcements). ISO 9921 covers verbal danger signals. Special regulations such as those for a public disaster and public transport are not affected by this International Standard. 2 Normative references

41、The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fract

42、ional-octave-band filters 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE Definitions of symbols referred to in this International Standard are given in Annex A. 3.1 ambient noise all sounds in the signal reception area not produced

43、 by the danger-signal transmitter 3.2 danger signals depending on the degree of urgency and the possible effect of the danger on people, a distinction is made between three types of auditory danger signals: an auditory emergency signal, an auditory emergency evacuation signal and an auditory warning

44、 signal 3.2.1 auditory emergency signal signal marking the onset and, if necessary, the duration and the end of a dangerous situation BS EN ISO 7731:2008ISO 7731:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved3.2.2 auditory emergency evacuation signal signal indicating the beginning or the actual occurrence

45、of an emergency involving the possibility of injury and instructing the person(s) to immediately leave the danger zone in the recognized manner NOTE The auditory emergency evacuation signal is the subject of ISO 8201. 3.2.3 auditory warning signal signal indicating the possibility or actual occurren

46、ce of a dangerous situation requiring appropriate measures for the elimination or control of the danger NOTE The auditory warning signal may also provide information concerning the conduct and courses of action to be taken. 3.3 effective masked threshold level of auditory danger signal just audible

47、over the ambient noise, taking account of the acoustic parameters of both the ambient noise in the signal reception area and the listening deficiencies (hearing protection, hearing loss and other masking effects) 3.4 octave bandwidth of a filter which comprises a frequency range of a factor of two N

48、OTE That is to say, the cut-off frequency f2is twice the lower f1as specified in IEC 61260; e.g. for an octave-band centred on 500 Hz, the lower frequency is 353 Hz ( 500 / 2 ), the upper frequency is 707 Hz (500 2 ). 3.5 1/3 octave fractional-octave-band filter bandwidth of a filter which comprises

49、 a frequency range of a factor of 32 NOTE 1 That is to say, the cut-off frequency f2is 32 times the lower f1(i.e. f2= 32 f1as specified in IEC 61260). NOTE 2 A bandpass filter has a narrower frequency range than an octave filter. The octave filter can be subdivided into three 1/3 octave-bands. 3.6 reverberation time time interval required for the sound-pressure level to decrease by 60 dB, after the emission by the source is stopped 3.7 signal reception area area in which persons are intended to recognize and react to a signal NOTE This I