BS 8454-2006 Code of practice for the delivery of training and education for work at height and rescue《高处作业和营救培训和教育交付的实施规程》.pdf

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1、BS 8454:2006Code of practice for the delivery of training and education for work at height and rescueICS 13.100; 13.340NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicat

2、es when the document was last issued. BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48250 2The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference PH/5Draft for comment 05/30117509 DCPublication historyFirst published, May 2006Amendments issued since publicationAmd. no. Date Text affectedBS 8454:2

3、006 BSI 2006 iBS 8454:2006ContentsForeword iii1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Management 44 Personnel 65 Facilities, apparatus and equipment, and reference documents 96 First aid provision 117 Courses 128 Delivery of training 139 Outsourcing 1810 Review 18AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Legislation

4、 19Annex B (normative) Emergency first aid procedures 20Annex C (informative) Stages in the delivery of training 21Annex D (normative) Minimum information to be given on the certificate, or other documentary evidence, issued for the course 22Bibliography 23Summary of pagesThis document comprises a f

5、ront cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 23 and a back cover.BS 8454:2006ii BSI 2006 This page deliberately left blank BSI 2006 iiiBS 8454:2006ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard was published by BSI and came into effect on 31 May 2006. It was prepared by Technica

6、l Committee PH/5, Industrial safety belts and harnesses. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Information about this documentFalls from a height are one of the largest causes of death and injury in the workplace. There is therefore an incr

7、easing demand for people to receive training for work at height. This demand is driven partly by legislation, as the Work at Height Regulations 2005, Regulation 5, explicitly requires anyone working at height to be competent, and partly by an increasing trend within industry for a professional appro

8、ach to be taken to work activities which are potentially dangerous.There are many national, European and international standards which specify systems and equipment for work at height, and codes of practice for the use of such systems and equipment in the workplace. The present standard gives recomm

9、endations and guidance on how training and education should be delivered for the people who use such systems and equipment for work at height. This British Standard covers training for work at height in an industrial context, including work at height in factories and in the construction, civil engin

10、eering and cleaning sectors. This British Standard gives recommendations and guidance for training providers to enable them to ensure that training for work at height is delivered to a high standard, in a safe, controlled environment by competent and experienced staff. It also gives guidance on the

11、information to be given to clients to enable them to select a course that is suitable for their needs. The standard covers all types of training for work at height, whether delivered by an employer to their own staff or by an external provider to independent clients. The former includes “train-the-t

12、rainer” type situations in which an employer engages a training provider, or employs a trainer, to deliver training for a single specific task, or on a specific product, to some of their employees who then in turn provide training to other employees.The standard does not give recommendations on cour

13、se content. The Advisory Committee on Work at Height Training (ACWAHT) has published Work at height. Awareness syllabus 1. This gives basic information on safe working practices for work at height which ACWAHT recommends should be covered in training courses. The standard is intended to apply to cou

14、rse-based training and education. It is not intended to apply to the provision by an employer of ongoing experience-based training and education in the workplace, where the subject matter of the training being provided is the job itself, for example as provided by an apprenticeship. However, employe

15、rs providing such training would probably benefit from the advice given in this standard as many of the principles do apply and offer good practice.BS 8454:2006iv BSI 2006Use of this documentAs a code of practice, this British Standard takes the form of guidance and recommendations. It should not be

16、 quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any course of action that deviates from its recommendations.Presentational conven

17、tionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a no

18、rmative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThe Health and Safety Executive (HSE) commends the use of this British Standard to those who have duties under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. This standard was drawn up with the participation of HSE representatives and it will be refe

19、rred to in the relevant HSE publications.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.In particular, attention is drawn to th

20、e legislation listed in Annex A. BSI 2006 1BS 8454:20061 ScopeThis British Standard gives recommendations and guidance on the delivery of training and education for work at height, including rescue. The standard is applicable to training for work which falls within the scope of the Work at Height Re

21、gulations 2005. The standard is applicable to training for work at height in an industrial context, including work at height in factories and in the construction, civil engineering and cleaning sectors.NOTE The Work at Height Regulations 2005 specifically exclude “the provision of instruction or lea

22、dership to one or more persons in connection with their engagement in caving or climbing by way of sport, recreation, team building or similar activities”.The standard is not applicable to the provision of training for low level work at height, such as the use of small stepladders or “hop-ups” in re

23、tail environments or libraries. It is also not applicable to training which consists of just the provision of simple instruction or product familiarization or site induction.It is applicable to all training and education for work at height, including training involving practical experience of a work

24、 method or experience of exposure to height. This also includes “train-the-trainer” type situations in which an employer engages a training provider, or employs a trainer, to deliver training for a single specific task, or on a specific product, to some of their employees who then in turn provide tr

25、aining to other employees.The standard is intended for use by all organizations and individuals providing such training and/or education, including organizations which provide such training to their own employees.The standard is applicable to all locations where such training is provided, whether at

26、 a dedicated training facility or at other training sites.The standard is intended to apply to course-based training and education. It is not intended to apply to the provision by an employer of ongoing experience-based training and education in the workplace, where the subject matter of the trainin

27、g being provided is the job itself, for example as provided by an apprenticeship.This standard does not give a detailed specification of course content. 2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard the following terms and definitions apply.2.1 work at heightwork in any place, inc

28、luding a place at or below ground level, and obtaining access to or egress from such a place while at work, except by a staircase in a permanent workplace, where, if measures were not taken, a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury NOTE Adapted from the Work at Height Regulatio

29、ns 2005.2.2 safe system of worksystem of work designed to minimize riskBS 8454:20062 BSI 20062.3 rescuerecovery of one or more injured, debilitated, stranded or trapped persons to a place of safety2.4 personnel2.4.1 trainerrepresentative of the training provider who delivers the course content to th

30、e trainees 2.4.2 primary trainertrainer who has overall responsibility for ensuring that the course content is delivered to the trainees in accordance with the training management systemNOTE 1 The primary trainer is usually with the trainees for most of the course and is in overall charge of their t

31、raining, whilst other trainers might come in to deliver particular parts of the course.NOTE 2 In a small organization the trainer and the primary trainer might be the same person.2.4.3 assessorperson who assesses the trainees knowledge and practical skills with respect to the material covered by the

32、 course 2.4.4 competent personperson with sufficient professional or technical training and knowledge, actual experience and authority to enable them to: carry out their assigned duties at the level of responsibility allocated to them; recognize potential hazards related to the work (or equipment) u

33、nder consideration; detect any defects, or omissions, in that work (or equipment), recognize any implications for health and safety caused by those defects and omissions, and be able to specify a remedial action to mitigate those implicationsNOTE “Authority” in this context means authority delegated

34、 to the individual by his or her employer.2.4.5 training managerperson who is responsible for the creation, overall implementation, monitoring and review of the training management system2.4.6 training supervisorperson who is responsible for day-to-day implementation of the training management syste

35、mNOTE In a small organization the trainer, training supervisor and training manager might be the same person.2.5 facilities and equipment2.5.1 training facilitydedicated venue for the delivery of training, which can contain training apparatus BSI 2006 3BS 8454:20062.5.2 training apparatusdesignated

36、structure or fixture (which can be artificial or natural) used during training to demonstrate or learn specific work activities or skillsNOTE A walkway, lattice tower or silo are examples of training apparatus.2.5.3 training equipmentequipment used or worn during training delivery, including plant a

37、nd machinery and personal protective equipment, respectively2.5.4 training sitelocation not dedicated to the delivery of training but which is suitable for the particular training which is to be delivered2.6 course materialprinted or other media used during the delivery of education or training NOTE

38、 This includes course notes (see 2.7).2.7 course notesdocumented information, suitable to be given to the trainees, covering the main points of the training or education to be delivered 2.8 syllabusdocument giving detailed breakdown of course contentNOTE The syllabus can also give other course relat

39、ed information, for example the trainer/trainee ratio where applicable.2.9 traininginstruction involving physical experience and practical application of techniques by the trainee in a situation representative of their workplace2.10 educationnon-practical teaching, which can include practical demons

40、tration by the trainer2.11 clientorganization or person with whom the training provider has a contract or arrangement to supply particular training services2.12 subcontractorcontracted agent of the training provider2.13 applicantperson by whom, or on whose behalf, an application for training or educ

41、ation has been made 2.14 traineeperson receiving training and/or education2.15 training providerorganization or individual contracted by the client to provide training to traineesNOTE This includes internal arrangements where organizations provide training to their own employees.BS 8454:20064 BSI 20

42、063 Management3.1 Management system3.1.1 The training provider should prepare and maintain a documented management system and should put in place a documented procedure for implementation and auditing of this system.3.1.2 The management system should include, as a minimum, procedures for the followi

43、ng:a) audit of training provision;b) maintaining an up-to-date list of reference documents;c) maintaining up-to-date information on trainers; d) control of training methods;e) trainee induction and supervision;f) dealing with emergencies, including medical emergencies and rescue;g) inspection, care

44、and maintenance of training facilities, site(s), apparatus and equipment;h) applicant assessment;i) undertaking risk assessments and implementing risk control measures;j) implementing safe systems of work;k) ensuring that first aid facilities and an emergency first aider are available at all trainin

45、g locations;l) keeping, maintenance and destruction of records;m) dealing with complaints and appeals.3.1.3 All documentation relating to the management system should be subject to strict version control. Every document should be marked with the following:a) page numbers and the total number of page

46、s in the document (in the form “page 1 of 20”, “page 2 of 20” etc.);b) a revision number;c) an issue date;d) a unique document reference.3.1.4 The details listed in 3.1.3 should be recorded centrally and a documented procedure put in place to enable all staff to ensure that only current documents ar

47、e in use.3.1.5 Revisions of training course content should be kept in suitable format, so that for every course delivered there is a record of the training course content at the time of delivery see 3.3.1a). BSI 2006 5BS 8454:20063.1.6 The management system should include documented procedures for k

48、eeping training staff informed of changes to relevant internal and external documentation including:legislation, guidance and standards; agreed best practice; published industry guidance; training methods; risk control measures; course content.3.1.7 The management system should also include document

49、ed procedures to keep training staff informed of the following, where these have implications for health and safety: incidents, either within industry as a whole or internally; changes to equipment used in relevant industry sectors; changes to equipment used in training delivery and/or changes in the techniques for use of the equipment.3.2 InsuranceFor all training being provided for a fee or reward the training provider should carry insurance for the activities to be undertaken. This insurance should include public liab