ASTM D7220-2012(2017) 4375 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Automotive Heating and Jet Fuels by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry《采用单色能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定.pdf
《ASTM D7220-2012(2017) 4375 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Automotive Heating and Jet Fuels by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry《采用单色能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D7220-2012(2017) 4375 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Automotive Heating and Jet Fuels by Monochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry《采用单色能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D7220 12 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forSulfur in Automotive, Heating, and Jet Fuels byMonochromatic Energy Dispersive X-ray FluorescenceSpectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7220; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
2、oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method specifies an energy-dispersive X-rayfluo
3、rescence (EDXRF) method for the determination of totalsulfur in automotive, No. 2 heating, and jet fuels with aconcentration range of 3 mg kg to 942 mg kg.1.1.1 The pooled limit of quantitation of this test method asobtained by statistical analysis of inter laboratory test results is3 mg kg sulfur.1
4、.1.2 This test method is applicable to gasoline, oxygenenriched gasoline (RFG), diesel, diesel/biodiesel blends con-taining up to twenty volume percent biodiesel, kerosene, jetfuel, jet fuel/biodiesel blends containing up to five volumepercent biodiesel and No. 2 home heating oil.1.2 A fundamental a
5、ssumption in this test method is that thestandard and sample matrix is well matched. Matrix mismatchcan be caused by C/H ratio differences between samples andstandards or by the presence of other heteroatoms.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measureme
6、nt are included in thisstandard.1.3.1 The preferred concentration units are mg/kg sulfur.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practice
7、s and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Re
8、com-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6299 Practice for
9、Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubricantsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDe
10、termine Conformance with Specifications3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 monochromatic X-radiation, nan incident X-raybeam on a sample having a selected photon energy with anarrow energy bandwidth of 65 % relative to the selectedenergy.3.1.1.1 DiscussionMonochromatic X-ray radiation inEDXRF instru
11、mentation can be obtained by using Bragg optics(at an angle of=456 5, in the low energy range). Braggoptics (monochromators) create very intense mono-energeticradiation. A combination of a selected X-ray tube (typically aPd or Ag anode) with a highly ordered pyrolytic graphite(HOPG) Bragg optic can
12、be used to create monochromaticradiation of the characteristic radiation of the anode material ofthe X-ray tube. The use of such radiation for sample excitationresults in increased sensitivity for the determination of sulfur inpetroleum products.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 DBSactual mass of Di-n-butyl s
13、ulfide, g3.2.2 Kcpskilo-counts per second.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Origi
14、nally approvedin 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7220 12. DOI: 10.1520/D7220-12R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Do
15、cument Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on
16、 Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.2.3 EDXRFEnergy dispersive X-ray spectrometry3.2.4 PTFEPolytetrafluorethylene3.2.5 SDBSmass % of sulfur in Di-n-butyl sulfide, t
17、ypi-cally 21.91 %3.2.6 SStdmg/kg sulfur in the calibration standard3.2.7 SStockmg/kg of sulfur in the stock standard3.2.8 STKactual mass of stock standard, g4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is placed in the monochromatic X-ray beam,and the peak area of the sulfur K line at 2.307 keV ismeasure
18、d. The background spectrum, measured with a sulfurfree white oil or other matrix matching blank sample (see 8.4)is adapted to the measured spectrum using adjustment regionsfollowing the instrument manufacturers instructions and thensubtracted from the measured spectrum. The resultant netcounting rat
19、e is then compared to a previously preparedcalibration curve or equation to obtain the concentration ofsulfur in mg/kg. (WarningExposure to excessive quantitiesof X-radiation is injurious to health. The operator needs to takeappropriate actions to avoid exposing any part of their body,not only to pr
20、imary X-rays, but also to secondary or scatteredradiation that might be present. The X-ray spectrometer shouldbe operated in accordance with the regulations governing theuse of ionizing radiation.)5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides measurement of total sulfur inautomotive, No. 2 he
21、ating, and jet fuels with a minimum ofsample preparation.Atypical analysis time is 180 s to 360 s persample.5.2 The quality of automotive, No. 2 heating, and jet fuelcan be related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge ofsulfur concentration is necessary for processing purposes.There are also r
22、egulations promulgated in federal, state, andlocal agencies that restrict the amount of sulfur present in somefuel.5.3 If this test method is applied to petroleum materials withmatrices significantly different from the calibration materialsspecified in this test method, the cautions and recommenda-t
23、ions in Section 6 should be observed when interpreting theresults.6. Interferences6.1 When the elemental composition (excluding sulfur) ofsamples differs significantly from the standards, errors in thesulfur determination can result. For example, differences in thecarbon-hydrogen ratio of sample and
24、 calibration standardsintroduce errors in the determination.6.2 M-85 and M-100 are fuels containing 85 % and 100 %methanol, respectively. They have a high oxygen contentleading to significant absorption of sulfur K radiation. Suchfuels can, however, be analyzed using this test method pro-vided eithe
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