ASTM D2632-2014 Standard Test Method for Rubber PropertyResilience by Vertical Rebound《橡胶特性的标准试验方法 垂直回跳法测定橡胶弹性》.pdf

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1、Designation: D2632 14Standard Test Method forRubber PropertyResilience by Vertical Rebound1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2632; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb

2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of impactre

3、silience of solid rubber from measurement of the verticalrebound of a dropped mass.1.2 This test method is not applicable to the testing ofcellular rubbers or coated fabrics.1.3 A standard test method for impact resilience and pen-etration of rubber by a rebound pendulum is described in TestMethod D

4、1054.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establis

5、h appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD832 Practice for Rubber Conditioning For Low Tempera-ture TestingD1054 Test Method for Rub

6、ber PropertyResilience Usinga Goodyear-Healey Rebound Pendulum (Withdrawn2010)3D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures forTestingD1566 Terminology Relating to RubberD3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, and Pro-cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and PreparingStandard Vulcanized Sh

7、eetsD3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsD4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustries2.2 Other Documents:4ISO-10012-1 Quality Assurance Requirements for Measur-ing EquipmentPart 1: Metr

8、ological Confirmation Sys-tem for Measuring Equipment5ANSI/NCSL-Z540-1 American National Standard forCalibrationCalibration Laboratories and Measuring andTest EquipmentGeneral Requirements63. Summary of Test Method3.1 Resilience is determined as the ratio of rebound heightto drop height of a metal p

9、lunger of prescribed mass and shapewhich is allowed to fall on the rubber specimen.4. Significance and Use4.1 Resilience is a function of both dynamic modulus andinternal friction of a rubber. It is very sensitive to temperaturechanges and to depth of penetration of the plunger.Consequently, resilie

10、nce values from one type of reboundinstrument may not, in general, be predicted from results onanother type of rebound instrument.4.2 This test method is used for development and compari-son of materials. It may not directly relate to end-use perfor-mance.5. Apparatus5.1 A diagram of the essential f

11、eatures and dimensions ofthe apparatus appears in Fig. 1. It includes means for suspend-ing a plunger at a given height above the specimen, its release,and measuring the subsequent rebound height.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 on Rubberand is the direct responsibil

12、ity of Subcommittee D11.10 on Physical Testing.Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2632 01 (2014).DOI: 10.1520/D2632-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AST

13、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4This test method previously referenced MIL-STD-4662a Milita

14、ry Standard:Calibration System Requirements, which was subsequently canceled by the Depart-ment of Defense in February 1995. These are the DoD recommended replacementdocuments.5Available from the International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue deVaremb, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Swi

15、tzerland.6Available from the American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4thFloor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.1 Each resilience instrument shall have a unique identi-fication numb

16、er assigned and permanently and visibly im-printed or affixed upon it.5.2 The plunger dimensions are also given in Fig. 1. Itsmass shall be 28 6 0.5 g.5.3 The height of the drop point and of the resilience scaleabove the base of the instrument shall be adjustable so that thedrop height is always 400

17、 6 1mm(166 0.04 in.) above thespecimen surface. The resilience scale shall be marked in 100equally spaced divisions.5.3.1 The top of the plunger should be in line with 100 onthe scale when the plunger is locked in the elevated position.Some models of the apparatus do not meet this requirement,but ma

18、y be modified to do so.5.4 The descent of the plunger and its ensuing ascent(rebound) is guided by a vertical rod (plunger guide). In orderto minimize friction between the plunger and the vertical rod,a means shall be provided for leveling the base of theinstrument and adjusting the perpendicularity

19、 of the verticalrod to the instrument base.5.4.1 The bottom of the vertical rod shall havea4mmdiameter sharp point formed by a 60 angle, to secure thelocation of the bottommost end of the vertical rod. This pointshould indent the test specimen, providing a secure location forthe free end of the guid

20、e rod.5.4.2 The plunger shall be allowed to rest at the lowest pointof travel and act as a guide to position the rod in the center ofthe stabilizer, as is visually practical under 10 magnification,as it is lowered onto the test specimen.5.5 An opaque shield may be mounted between the operatorand the

21、 plunger scale to be used for pass-fail test determina-tions. In use, the shield is adjusted so that its upper edge (orcentral-most graduation within a range) is even with thedesired test determination. If the top of the rebounding plungeris visible above the shield (or within graduations demarcatin

22、ga predetermined range of acceptability), the specimen passes.FIG. 1 Vertical Rebound ApparatusD2632 1426. Test Specimen6.1 Mixing, sheeting, and curing shall be performed inaccordance with Practices D3182 and D3183, unless otherwisespecified.6.2 The standard test specimen shall have a thickness of1

23、2.5 6 0.5 mm (0.50 6 0.02 in.). The specimen shall be cutfrom a slab or specifically molded so that the point of plungerimpact is a minimum distance of 14 mm (0.55 in.) from theedge of the specimen.6.2.1 Any variation from the standard test specimen shall bereported (see 11.3).6.3 Alternative specim

24、ens may be prepared by plyingsamples cut from a standard test slab. These samples shall beplied, without cementing, to the thickness required. Such pliesshall be smooth, flat, and of uniform thickness. The resultsobtained with these specimens will not necessarily be identicalwith those obtained usin

25、g a solid specimen of the samematerial and state of cure.6.3.1 A thin specimen reaches a higher state of cure at agiven time and temperature of cure than does a thickerspecimen. Therefore, if plied specimens are used, their curetime should be appropriately lower than that of unpliedspecimens used fo

26、r comparison.6.4 Specimens may be prepared from finished products bycutting and buffing to the required dimensions, making surethat the opposing faces are parallel and that grain direction,where applicable, is uniform.6.4.1 When buffing is required, it is recommended that onlyone side be buffed and

27、the unbuffed side tested or, if both sidesmust be buffed, comparisons should not be made betweenbuffed and unbuffed specimens.7. Calibration7.1 All materials, instruments, or equipment used for thedetermination of force, mass, or dimension in the calibration ofthis instrument or mechanical spring ca

28、libration device shall betraceable to the National Institute for Standards and Technol-ogy (NIST) or other internationally recognized organizationparallel in nature and scope.7.2 Calibration Device:7.2.1 A mechanical spring calibration device (see Fig. 2)shall be used to calibrate this instrument.77

29、.2.2 The force required to compress the spring 3.302 60.0254 mm (0.130 6 0.010 in.), while mounted in thereceptacle, shall be 44.45 6 0.4445 N (4532.6 6 45.33 gf).7.2.2.1 The spring shall be deflected 3.302 mm whilemounted in the receptacle, and the force required shall bemeasured and reported.7.2.2

30、.2 A force of 44.45 N shall be applied to the springwhile mounted in the receptacle, and the deflection shall bemeasured and reported.7.2.2.3 The results of 7.2.2.1 and 7.2.2.2 shall be within thetolerances stated in 7.2.2 and, accordingly, shall determine thecalibration of the spring.7.2.2.4 The re

31、sults achieved on a Resiliometer instrument,described in Section 5, that is in current calibration andproperly used, will typically be in the range of 89 6 2Resiliometer points.7.2.3 The mechanical spring calibration device shall have aunique identification number assigned and permanently andvisibly

32、 imprinted or affixed upon it.7.2.4 The resilience values assigned to an instrument usingthe mechanical spring calibration device shall be established atthe time of calibration. These values are recorded as part of thecalibration report.7.3 Calibration Procedure:7.3.1 The instrument shall be situate

33、d on a flat, level,vibration-free platform. The instrument shall be adjusted sothat it is plumb and level, verified either by the integral level orby an external device designed for this purpose and inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions.7.3.2 Perpendicularity of the vertical rod (plunger

34、guide) tothe support surface shall be verified by a device designed forthis purpose and in accordance with the manufacturers instruc-tions.7.3.3 The dimensions and mass of the plunger (see 5.2 andFig. 1), the scale graduations, height of the drop point, and ofthe resilience scale above the base of t

35、he instrument (see 5.3and Fig. 1) shall be verified by devices designed for thispurpose.7.3.4 The calibration procedure shall be performed in thestandard laboratory atmosphere as defined in Practice D618.The instrument, mechanical spring calibration device, and anyinstrument or equipment used in the

36、 calibration procedure shallequilibrate at the standard laboratory temperature for a mini-mum of 12 h prior to performing the calibration.7.3.5 Situate the mechanical spring calibration device se-curely in the instrument as described in Section 5 and inaccordance with the manufacturers instructions.

37、7.3.6 Make three sets of five readings, averaging each set.Each set becomes a test determination. Average the three test7The sole source of supply of the calibration device known to the committee atthis time is CCSi, Inc., University Park, 221 Beaver Street,Akron, OH 44304. If youare aware of altern

38、ative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.FIG. 2 Spring Calibration DeviceD2632 143determinations to the nearest whole number. This whol

39、enumber becomes the resilience calibration value for the instru-ment.7.3.7 The instrument shall be considered in calibration if theresilience calibration value is within 62 points of the resiliencecalibration value established for the mechanical spring calibra-tion device.7.3.8 The resilience calibr

40、ation value is assigned to themechanical spring calibration device by the manufacturer or bythe calibration service supplier using an identical resilienceinstrument, following the procedure outlined herein.7.3.9 Calibration frequencies and calibration records shouldbe kept in accordance with procedu

41、res outlined in the docu-ments described in 2.2 or as required by the users proprietaryquality system.7.4 Reference Spring:7.4.1 If the instrument is provided with a mechanical springdevice as a reference spring, this device shall have a resiliencecalibration value assigned, following the procedure

42、outlinedherein.7.4.2 This device may be used to determine the state ofcalibration of the instrument during routine testing at afrequency determined by the user.7.4.3 It shall not be used as a calibration device, however itshould be routinely calibrated (refer to 7.2.2) to ensure thevalidity of its a

43、ssigned values.7.5 ReportThe calibration report shall contain the follow-ing information:7.5.1 Date of calibration.7.5.2 Date of last calibration.7.5.3 Manufacturer, type, model, and serial number of theinstrument.7.5.4 Manufacturer, type, model, and serial number of themechanical spring calibration

44、 devices.7.5.5 Values obtained (pre- and post-calibration results),following the procedure outlined in 7.3.7.5.6 Ambient temperature.7.5.7 Relative humidity.7.5.8 Technician identification.7.5.9 Applicable standards to which the instrument is cali-brated.7.5.10 Calibrating instrument information to

45、include type,serial number, manufacturer, date of last calibration, and astatement of traceability of standards used to NIST or otheracceptable organization. See 7.1.8. Test Temperature8.1 Test procedures shall be performed in the standardlaboratory atmosphere as defined in Practice D618 unlessother

46、wise agreed upon between customer and supplier orbetween laboratories.8.2 The instrument and test specimens shall be conditionedin the standard laboratory atmosphere as described in PracticeD618 unless otherwise agreed upon between customer andsupplier or between laboratories.8.3 When test procedure

47、s are conducted at temperatures orconditions other than those specified in 8.1 and 8.2, they shallbe chosen from those enumerated in Practices D618, D832,orD1349 and the procedures described therein shall be followedunless otherwise agreed upon between customer and supplieror between laboratories.9.

48、 Procedure9.1 Level the instrument (see 7.3.1) and raise the plunger tothe top of its guide rod.9.2 Position the resilience scale (see 5.3) so that its full massrests upon the specimen (see 5.3.1). Lock it in this position.9.3 Release the plunger, ensuring that it slides freely on thevertical rod (p

49、lunger guide) (see 5.3.1).9.3.1 Lateral force or impact on the guide rod may result inthe hindrance of the descent of the plunger. Do not lubricateany part of the instrument. Always keep a standard testspecimen under the stabilizer when not in use to avoid damageto the plunger.9.4 Test three specimens from the same sample, making sixtest determinations on each specimen. Refer to TerminologyD1566 for definitions of specimen and sample and to PracticeD4483 for definitions of determinations and results.9.4.1 Do not reposition the specimen once the initial testdetermina