[外语类试卷]GRE（VERBAL）模拟试卷20及答案与解析.doc

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1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a wh

2、ole. 1 Handedness can be influenced and changed by social and cultural mechanisms, as can be evidenced by the fact that teachers have been known to force children to switch from using their left hand to using their right hand for writing and that some more_societies show less left-handedness in thei

3、r populations than other more _societies. （ A） restrictive permissive （ B） bigoted tolerant （ C） liberal suppressive （ D） dominating plural （ E） intriguing monotonous 2 On the face of it, the plan under consideration is_and indeed, has already sparked protests from several prominent politicians, who

4、 argue that “hasty implementation“ could_the economy. （ A） hopeless boost （ B） appealing undermine （ C） contentious inflame （ D） draconian damage （ E） suspect radicalize 3 His_of the assigned pages was itself a much too lengthy summary; by all accounts, if he wishes to succeed by the standards of su

5、ccinctness and concision, he must learn to restrain his_. （ A） development technique （ B） synthesis garrulousness （ C） analysis construction （ D） perusal interest （ E） synopsis verbosity 4 Although most people who acquire West Nile have no_and those who do normally suffer little more than flu-like i

6、llness, it is believed they still can carry _amounts of the virus in their blood for several days. （ A） recourse negli gible （ B） symptoms minute （ C） cure significant （ D） fever active （ E） hope incipient 5 The purpose of interior design is to create a physical environment that is_yet connected to

7、the outside world, an environment that is ideal for the pursuit of relaxation in a zone of partial_. （ A） transcendent of tastefulness （ B） separate from isolation （ C） peripheral to tranquility （ D） abhorrent to confluence （ E） linked to autonomy 6 Dont rule out the caprices in the spirit; a time o

8、f great transformations requires that we be no less than utterly_in our approach to decision-making. （ A） resilient （ B） practical （ C） wary （ D） impeccable （ E） adaptive 7 Future generations of physicists may look at the_of their former ideas and see in it, not the relics of some extinct creature,

9、but a crude, early, yet wholly version of their more modern theories. （ A） mockery distinct （ B） armature laughable （ C） specter congruous （ D） skeleton recognizable （ E） treatment suspect SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by fiv

10、e lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 8 ASCEND : ROCKET : （ A） multiply : precipitate （ B） inflate : bend （ C） dilate : bulge （ D） contract : implode （ E） heat : evaporate 9 INFORM: KNOWLEDGE

11、: （ A） console : promotion （ B） strengthen : solidity （ C） apprise : information （ D） induce : suspicion （ E） evaluate : guarantee 10 DIPLOMAT : TACT : （ A） advertiser : flamboyance （ B） zealot: fervor （ C） lawyer : exaggeration （ D） agent : adaptability （ E） commander : culture 11 COWARD : BRAVE :

12、（ A） empiricist: cognizant （ B） misanthrope : altruistic （ C） administrator : fair （ D） sage : cautious （ E） convert : restless 12 COMPOSER : MUSIC : （ A） publisher : work （ B） driver : car （ C） playwright : drama （ D） caption: movie （ E） editor : article 13 SENSITIZATION: ALLERGIC : （ A） attenuatio

13、n : rarefied （ B） refinement : reckless （ C） sterility : limiting （ D） inoculation : contagious （ E） inspiration: motivating 14 SAWDUST : WOOD : （ A） awn : window （ B） ferment : cake （ C） soot: fuel （ D） gravel : cement （ E） cinder : tree 15 OPERA : ARIA : （ A） verse : limerick （ B） orchestra : cell

14、o （ C） song : solo （ D） chorus : duet （ E） play : prelude 16 MEETING : MINUTES : （ A） video : image （ B） report : synopsis （ C） seism : quiver （ D） performance : movement （ E） photograph : negative SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After

15、reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 16 Air turbulence can substantially accelerate the appearance of large droplets triggering rain by presenting a new mechanism, the “sling eff

16、ect“, which increases collisions of droplets that have become detached from the airflow. Line First, vapor condensation in cloud cores produces small droplets resembling one (5) another in size, which then expand to raindrop size by coalescing under the effects of air turbulence a force thought to c

17、ause collisions of similar-sized droplets whose radii exceed a few micrometers. Then, turbulent vortices act as small centrifuges that spin heavy droplets out, creating concentration heterogeneities and jets of droplets, both of which increase the mean collision (10) rate, which in turn accelerates

18、rain initiation. One can conclude that rain prediction requires a quantitative description of droplet collision in turbulence, a mechanism which helps meteorologists to forecast rainfall, but detailed understanding of the phenomenon entails consideration of such factors as warm and cold fronts stret

19、ching over hundreds (15) of miles, individual clouds perhaps a mile or so across, and even, as the mechanism illustrates, tiny eddies perhaps a few centimeters or so in size. 17 The primary purpose of the passage is to （ A） explain and resolve a controversy among meteorologists （ B） present and desc

20、ribe a recently discovered phenomenon （ C） suggest and prove a theory on the cause of a phenomenon （ D） describe and confirm research findings under question （ E） discuss and evaluate the soundness of certain experimental observations 18 According to the passage, air turbulence generally does which

21、of the following? . Creates small droplets of equal size to form in cloud cores. . Causes different concentrations of rain droplets to form in different places. . Speeds up the rate by which large droplets appear. （ A） only （ B） only （ C） and only （ D） and only （ E） , , and 19 According to the passa

22、ge, rain prediction requires a quantitative description of droplet collision in turbulence for which of the following reasons? （ A） The “sling effect“ remains unproven and requires experimental corroboration. （ B） The degree to which droplets collide is the only reliable method of assessing air flow

23、. （ C） The degree of turbulence may help forecast the formation of large-size droplets that precipitate rain. （ D） Such factors as warm and cold fronts and individual cloud formations could not be performed otherwise. （ E） The laws which govern the formation of concentration heterogeneities still ne

24、ed to be discerned. 20 It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes accurate weather predictions based solely on turbulence patterns would be （ A） revolutionary （ B） unreliable （ C） outdated （ D） derivative （ E） inconsequential 20 Detailed knowledge of each of the jet streams of the

25、earths hemispheres- its location, altitude and strength-is critical to modern-day weather forecasting, as well as to more specific applications such as the routing of Line aircraft. By way of definition, a jet in fluid dynamics is simply a core of fluid (5) moving at a higher velocity than the surro

26、unding fluid, and although complicated to describe mathematically, the jet streams in the atmosphere are a straightforward, natural result of the meridional (equator-to-pole) temperature gradient in the earth s atmosphere. Analogous flows exist on other planets with substantial atmospheres having si

27、milar temperature gradients. (10) The temperature gradient derives from the differential solar heating of the spherical surface of a planet: the surface is generally warmest at the equator and grows progressively cooler as one moves poleward. The centrifugal effects of the earths rotation, often cal

28、led the Coriolis force, deflect the north-south transport of heat from the equator to the poles into the predominantly east-west (15) motion of the jet stream. The relative strength, or velocity, of the jet stream is proportional to the intensity of this thermal gradient. During the winter months, w

29、hen the equator-to-pole temperature disparity is at its greatest, the jet stream reaches its maximum velocity, while during the summer months, when the temperature gradient between the equator and the pole is considerably (20) less, the jet stream reaches its minimum velocity. The jet stream does no

30、t maintain a straight, zonal flow from west to east but rather takes on a more serpentine look, often with dramatic dips to the south or rises to the north. There are two major reasons for these nonzonal motions: the temperature gradient between the equator and the poles and the (25) presence of lan

31、d masses on the earths surface. The meridional temperature gradient between the equator and poles that gives rise to the jet stream also produces secondary atmospheric circulations, or eddies which, referred to by meteorologists as baroclinic waves, have a complex interaction with the jet stream, on

32、e that is intriguingly two-sided. The eddies modify the distribution of (30) temperature and kinetic energy within the atmosphere, a process that has a pronounced effect on the location and movement of the jet stream, which itself interacts with these waves, acting not only as a transport or steerin

33、g mechanism but transferring momentum and energy back to the waves. The presence of land masses on the earths otherwise watery surface also (35) modifies the distribution of temperature, because continents heat and cool at a dramatically slower rate than do the oceans. The topography of the land als

34、o influences the jet streams location-mountain ranges and plains on large continents, for example, significantly imbalance the distribution of atmospheric temperature, narrowing the jet stream. And since the jet stream is a thermally (40) driven phenomenon, the more complicated the three-dimensional

35、 temperature structure of the earths atmosphere, the more “wandering“ will take place in the course of the jet stream. 21 The primary purpose of the passage is to （ A） interpret data （ B） explain research methodology （ C） evaluate a conclusion （ D） suggest a new technique （ E） describe a phenomenon

36、22 According to the passage, which of the following statements about temperature gradients is true? （ A） These temperature gradients tend in most cases to be impossible to describe mathematically. （ B） The lower the contrast between the extremes of the gradient, the lower the resulting velocity of t

37、he jet stream. （ C） Jet streams are responsible for most of the north-south transfer of heat between the equator and the poles. （ D） The temperature gradient tends, on a non-negligible level, to augment the effects of the earths rotation. （ E） The gradient typically refers to differences in jet stre

38、am velocity at various longitudinal positions around the globe. 23 According to the passage, which of the following statements best describes the relationship between secondary atmospheric circulations and jet streams? （ A） Jet streams and baroclinic waves tend to interact most intensely with one an

39、other in the winter, then act independently in the summer. （ B） Jet streams and baroclinic waves tend to exist at various points in the atmosphere in inversely proportional strength. （ C） Jet streams and baroclinic waves may behave differently, but they issue from a common source and augment one ano

40、ther. （ D） Jet streams tend to distribute kinetic energy in the atmosphere, and baroclinic waves relay this energy back to the jet stream. （ E） Jet streams tend to be more affected by the presence of landmasses than do haroclinic waves. 24 The author mentions the transfer of momentum and energy in o

41、rder to indicate that （ A） eddies, and not just jet streams, modify the distribution of temperature and kinetic energy within the atmosphere （ B） the relationship between baroclinic waves and the jet stream that produces them is decidedly reciprocal （ C） the process of secondary atmospheric circulat

42、ion has a pronounced effect on the location and movement of the jet stream （ D） eddies play as great a role in dictating fluctuations in global temperatures as do the jet stream （ E） the meridional temperature gradient between the equator and poles produces a very diverse variety of atmospheric phen

43、omenon 25 It can be inferred from the passage that during yearly equinoxes, jet streams tend to （ A） move at velocities slower than those at which they move the summer but faster than those at which they move in the winter （ B） move from toward the east from the west in accordance with the deflectio

44、n process caused by the Coriolis force （ C） move at velocities faster than those at which they move the summer but slower than those at which they move in the winter （ D） move at velocities equal to those of other planets that have similar polar temperature gradients （ E） move at velocities equal to

45、 that of the centrifugal motion that causes the deflection of the jetstreams direction 26 The passage suggests that when jet streams interact with continents with few mountain ranges and plains, which of the following also happens? （ A） More “wandering“ occurs in the jet stream than would probably o

46、ccur over the ocean. （ B） The continent in question heats and cools at a faster rate than it would without the jet stream. （ C） The jet stream becomes more narrow and focused than it would be over the ocean. （ D） The temperature of the jet stream is distributed more evenly than if the continent had

47、more mountains. （ E） The jet stream evinces more signs of being a thermally driven phenomenon than it does in other situations. 27 In the fourth paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with （ A） restating the main idea of the passage （ B） using research findings to make predictions （ C） outlini

48、ng the direction of future research （ D） describing an additional aspect of a phenomenon （ E） introducing a conflicting hypothesis SECTION 4 Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the lettered word or phrase th

49、at is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best. 28 QUELL: （ A） defer （ B） direct （ C） stimulate （ D） invoke （ E） corroborate 29 PIED: （ A） brilliant （ B） accurately depicted （ C） exquisitely shaped （ D） flat （ E） one-shaded 30 COMPLAISANCE: （ A） v