[外语类试卷]GRE（VERBAL）模拟试卷19及答案与解析.doc

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1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 19及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a wh

2、ole. 1 A faux pas whether in social circles or in private can be_, as it focuses us on our shortcomings in ways that would otherwise go unnoticed, and helps create self-awareness. （ A） embarrassment （ B） useless （ C） utile （ D） rancorous （ E） spontaneous 2 Because many of the blacklists in the commu

3、nications and entertainment industries were secret, the number of playwrights, script writers, novelists, and journalists who were_to stop writing permanently is_. （ A） happy astounding （ B） forced unknown （ C） unafraid impressive （ D） inclined unsurprising （ E） remiss inconceivable 3 While mimickin

4、g the thought of his mentor Socrates, who conceived of forms as existing on an ethereal, heavenly and_plane, Plato also argued that forms become_in objects. （ A） abstract rational （ B） condensed ratified （ C） sacrilegious profane （ D） transcendent immanent （ E） imaginative earthbound 4 Despite certa

5、in_habits of the North American screech owl, it performs the majority of its hunting alone, in alpine forests, unfettered by_ （ A） predatory ecology （ B） instinctual behavior （ C） exogamous kinship （ D） omnivorous diet （ E） diurnal darkness 5 Though_in his youth, Muir grew in the fullness of time to

6、 acquire truly_habits envied by even the most hardened of his fellow survivalists. （ A） a stoic gourmet （ B） a sycophant humble （ C） an eccentric practical （ D） a sensualist spartan （ E） an ideologue catholic 6 Regardless of the_he evinces, especially when articulating his purportedly innate affinit

7、y for tennis, he is nevertheless a less than_player once actually upon the court. （ A） passion sanguine （ B） disapprobation mediocre （ C） alacrity pliant （ D） vivacity vitiated （ E） torpor ebullient 7 Regardless of what might be said about the vehement diatribes of the Minnesota senator, one cant ar

8、gue that he was any less than utterly_his beliefs and his constituents, for invariably, he voted his_. （ A） opposed to politics （ B） committed to whims （ C） conflicted in inclinations （ D） considerate in platform （ E） dedicated to conscience SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the following questions,

9、a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 8 METEOROLOGY : WEATHER: （ A） cosmology : atmosphere （ B） seismology: earthquake （ C） alchemy : chemi

10、stry （ D） phonetics : language （ E） mythology : narrative 9 GAFFE: DECORUM: （ A） feint: combat （ B） trick : perception （ C） dogma : dissent （ D） gaucherie : urbanity （ E） hyperbole : presentation 10 CONTRACT : AGREEMENT : （ A） suspension : struggle （ B） work : allegiance （ C） subpoena : writ （ D） fe

11、at : lawyer （ E） license : property 11 CAULK : LEAKAGE : （ A） water : aqueduct （ B） lubricate: friction （ C） press : attachment （ D） banish: betrayal （ E） vent: condensation 12 SAVE : HOARD : （ A） leave : abscond （ B） elude : ensnare （ C） ameliorate : enhance （ D） tumble: balance （ E） exhaust : abso

12、rb 13 ATTENTIVE : METICULOUS: （ A） pleased : ecstatic （ B） buoyant : obstinate （ C） busy : occupied （ D） persistent : daunted （ E） curious : inquisitive 14 INVENTORY : GOODS: （ A） census : inhabitants （ B） ballot: incumbents （ C） manifesto: obligations （ D） agenda : meeting （ E） roster: employers 15

13、 PODIATRIST : FEET: （ A） ecologist : bionomy （ B） pathology : treatment （ C） neurologist : psychology （ D） neonatologist : infants （ E） botany: fern 16 DRAFT: CONSCRIPT: （ A） levy: laborer （ B） subpoena : witness （ C） employ : staff （ D） induce : sheriff （ E） select : member SECTION 3 Directions: Ea

14、ch passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 16 The “cold fusion“ phenomenon may be attributed to experiment

15、al errors mistakenly indicating an excess production of energy. Those theories explaining cold fusion require revisions in existing theories, and scientific skepticism Line requires that unless the experimental evidence justifies belief in these miracles, (5) one must conclude that experimental erro

16、rs are being misinterpreted as positive proof of cold fusions possibility. One would expect half of all careful energy- balance measurements in cold fusion experiments to indicate excess energy, and about half to show an energy deficit, because experimental error spreads the results around the expec

17、ted outcome. The recent preponderance of results (10) showing excess energy might indicate something new, but if one is deliberately searching for excess energy, then one may be able to “optimize“ a complicated system to yield large amounts of apparent excess energy by fooling the measurement appara

18、tus somehow. Whether a given excess-heat result represents a physical “miracle“ or an experimental error is very difficult to (15) determine if the amount of excess heat is small or if the fraction of excess power to total input power is simply too low. 17 According to the passage, the major reason

19、that the evidence for the cold fusion phenomenon is suspect is （ A） no existing theory can explain the evidence produced by cold fusion experiments （ B） the excess production of energy associated with certain cold fusion experiments owe primarily to experimental error （ C） too many energy-balance me

20、asurements have indicated excess energy, instead of evenly distributed experimental error （ D） the total input power in cold fusion experiments has been too low to draw solid conclusions about the fraction of excess power （ E） scientists too often regard these experiments as proof of “miracles“ 18 T

21、he passage suggests which of the following about the recent research mentioned in lines 9-13? （ A） It has solved one set of problems but has created another. （ B） It has overemphasized method at the expense of obtaining interesting results. （ C） It has failed to propose practical applications for co

22、ld fusion, even if the phenomenon is proven to exist. （ D） It has relied upon an experimental method possibly geared toward producing false results. （ E） It has provided considerable information on the possibility of cold fusion phenomenon but it has failed to produce innovative experimental apparat

23、us. 19 The authors primary purpose is to （ A） answer a theoretical question about a phenomenon in the field of physics （ B） discuss the current state of research concerning the phenomenon of cold fusion （ C） resolve a research dispute in the field of physics （ D） predict a crisis in scientific metho

24、d for researchers of the cold fusion phenomenon （ E） suggest reasons that experiments involving cold fusion phenomenon should not be trusted 20 It can be inferred from the passage that the author would MOST likely agree with which of the following statements concerning the scientific method? （ A） Sc

25、ientific skepticism requires that no experiment should be considered valid if it produces experimental errors. （ B） Theories should not be revised in any significant way in the absence of strong experimental evidence of a phenomenon they fail to explain. （ C） Misinterpretations of experimental data

26、always ensue from the “optimization“ of experimental apparatus. （ D） Sound experiments tend to produce experimental errors that are distributed in one direction or the other of the measurement scale, but not both. （ E） Large revisions in experimental physical theories should not occur simply in the

27、face of “miracles“. 20 Andersons new theory is controversial for asserting that Britain might have retained its North American empire had George s ministers proceeded less precipitously. But as Anderson himself concedes to previous historians like Line Henvel and Rhimes, there was no indication whet

28、her the persistence of imperial (5) authority would have made much difference for any of the parties involved. At most, these efforts would have endowed the British government with a “hollow“ empire, wherein the exercise of effective authority would depend on the consent of the colonists and their r

29、epresentatives. While the grip on their colonies was questionable, the British had no option but to curtail their (10) authority, and at no point was the decision to do so more than a temporary expedient. Once the war in French Canada was resolved, England attempted to terminate the costly practices

30、 of Indian gift giving and to levy new taxation. Under such circumstances, moreover, Britain would have been able to offer only limited protections to any of Americas other inhabitants, especially the (15) Indians whose lands in the Ohio Valley were already being encroached upon by a steady influx o

31、f European settlers. In a sense, the Seven Years War ended up confirming the “American“ character of Britains North American empire, an entity over which metropolitan authority had never been more than tenuous. Andersons hypothesis concerning French Canada is corroborated both by (20) the events of

32、the American Revolution, and, less successfully, the contemporaneous case of India, where the British successfully implemented the colonial strategy Anderson recommends. As witnessed in Iroquoia, the Mughal Empires progressive collapse during the later 1740s and 1750s drew the British, who had been

33、in India as traders since the early seventeenth century, (25) ever more deeply into politics on the subcontinent, first as the auxiliaries of local grandees and eventually as political actors in their own right. When the East India Company governed in Bengal, it did so by virtue of cleverly acting a

34、s the Mughal Emperors diwani (a Muslim office roughly analogous to a European tax farmer). Despite the temptation to act unilaterally, the companys officials (30) were never ignorant of the fact that they owed their authority to the cooperation of local elites, who in turn accepted British rule assu

35、ming they could employ it to their own advantage. Anderson notes that although there were undoubtedly the vast differences between them, Indias experience of British rule during the eighteenth century (35) points to the same devolution of imperial agency as in America. It is a pattern Jack P. Greene

36、 has identified as “negotiated authority“, whereby the unlimited powers claimed by officials at the empires center were subject to constant revision by indigenous brokers on the periphery. Despite the fact that the Indian colonial possessions were more enduring as a result, Anderson (40) nevertheles

37、s fails to successfully argue that the British could have retained other parts of their empire for a more significant period through any of the means he has suggested. 21 The passage can best be described as a （ A） survey of the inadequacies of a conventional viewpoint （ B） reconciliation of opposin

38、g points of view （ C） summary and evaluation of a recent study （ D） defense of a new thesis from anticipated objections （ E） review of the subtle distinctions between apparently similar views 22 The passage suggests that the view referred to in lines 8 - 11 argued that （ A） the colonial authority ne

39、ver sought to employ taxation in French Canada except as a means to retain a tenuous grip over British territory （ B） the Crown acted unwisely by increasing taxation and diminishing its gift-giving policy following the conclusion of the Seven Years War （ C） Indian gift-giving and a reprieve from tax

40、ation were the sole means for the British of maintaining a territorial grip in French Canada （ D） the British never intended to limit their authority in French Canada except as a short-term strategy of retaining territorial control （ E） the colonial subjects in French Canada rejected British authori

41、ty largely because they rescinded on the liberal policies implemented during the Seven Years War 23 It can be inferred from the passage that Anderson would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding the persistence of imperial authority in French Canada? （ A） The persis

42、tence of imperial authority most likely would have failed to offer as much protection to native Americans as it did to European settlers. （ B） The persistence of imperial authority would have likely resulted in less profit for England in terms of revenue and territory than the actual withdrawal that

43、 occurred. （ C） The persistence of imperial authority would likely have limited in an enduring fashion the sovereignty and self-rule of the European colonists. （ D） George the III ministers were not sufficiently interested in retaining control over French Canada to effect any changes in their coloni

44、al policy. （ E） The “American“ character of Britains North American empire and British metropolitan authority would not have been affected even if British imperial authority had withdrawn more quickly. 24 According to the passage, Andersons theory explains the longevity of British colonial authority

45、 in India because the British （ A） offered great flexibility and authority to the local elites with whom they were obliged to negotiate （ B） felt a great temptation to act unilaterally and exercise military authority of their Indian possessions （ C） became more deeply enmeshed in the politics of the

46、 Indian subcontinent than was strategically appropriate （ D） managed to convince the local elites that submission to the British would be economically advantageous for all parties （ E） resisted successfully the attempts of local power brokers to revise the terms of their negotiations 25 Which of the

47、 following, if true, would most seriously weaken the authors assertion in lines 19-20 that Andersons theory “is corroborated both by the events of the American Revolution“? （ A） The American Revolution was largely motivated through a conflict of interest between colonists and the indigenous groups p

48、rotected by the crown. （ B） The consent of the colonists in lower North America could have been obtained more easily than that of British subjects in Canada. （ C） The extent of British colonial authority was of a roughly equal degree to that of French authority in lower North America. （ D） The Briti

49、sh made far fewer impositions on the population of lower North America than those they made in French Canada. （ E） The same devolution of imperial agency that took place in India also took place throughout North America. 26 According to Andersons view of colonial history, which of the following was true of the Mughal Empires collapse mentioned in lines 22-23? . It paralleled and foreshadowed the subsequent c