ASTM A105 A105M-2005 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications.pdf

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1、Designation: A 105/A 105M 05Endorsed byManufacturers Standardization Societyof the Valve and Fittings IndustryUsed in USDOE-NE StandardsStandard Specification forCarbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 105/A 105M; the number immediately foll

2、owing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been appr

3、oved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers forged carbon steel pipingcomponents for ambient- and higher-temperature service inpressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, andsimilar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by thepurc

4、haser or to dimensional standards such as the MSS,ASME, and API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forg-ings made to this specification are limited to a maximumweight of 10 000 lb 4540 kg. Larger forgings may be orderedto Specification A 266/A 266M. Tubesheets and hollow cylin-drical forgings f

5、or pressure vessel shells are not includedwithin the scope of this specification. Although this specifica-tion covers some piping components machined from rolled barand seamless tubular products (see 4.2), it does not cover rawmaterial produced in these product forms.1.2 Supplementary requirements a

6、re provided for use whenadditional testing or inspection is desired. These shall applyonly when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Specification A 266/A 266M covers other steel forgingsand Specifications A 675/A 675M and A 696 cover other steelbars.1.4 This specification is exp

7、ressed in both inch-pound unitsand SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall befurnished to inch-pound units.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI are tobe regarded separately as standard. Within the text

8、, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with the specification.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pi

9、pe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A 961, the following list of standards apply tothis specification:2.2 ASTM Standards:3A

10、 266/A 266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPressure Vessel ComponentsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 675/A 675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical PropertiesA 696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon,

11、 Hot-Wrought orCold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Com-ponentsA 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require-mentsA 961 Specification for Common Requirements for SteelFlanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for PipingApplications2.3 MSS Standards:SP 44 Standard for Steel

12、 Pipe Line Flanges42.4 ASME Standards:B16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings5B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings5B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-rous Valves5B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weld, and Threaded51This specification is under

13、the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved June 1, 2

14、005. Published June 2005. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 105/A 105M 03.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-105 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

15、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-460

16、2.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428

17、-2959, United States.B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End5B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges52.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications52.6 API Standards:API-600 Flanged and Butt-Welding-End Steel Gate Valves6API-602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves

18、 forRefinery Use63. Ordering Information3.1 See Specification A 961.3.1.1 Additional requirements (see 12.2).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 961, including any supple-mentary requirements that are indicated in the

19、 purchase order.Failure to comply with the requirements of SpecificationA 961constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In case ofa conflict between the requirements of this specification andSpecification A 961, this specification shall prevail.4.2 Except as permitted by Section 6 in Specif

20、icationA 961,the finished product shall be a forging as defined in theTerminology Section of Specification A 788.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Heat treatment is not a mandatory requirement of thisspecification except for the following piping components:5.1.1 Flanges above Class 300,75.1.2 Flanges of special

21、design where the design pressure atthe design temperature exceeds the pressure-temperature rat-ings of Class 300, Group 1.1,5.1.3 Flanges of special design where the design pressure ordesign temperature are not known,5.1.4 Piping components other than flanges which meetboth of the following criteria

22、: (1) over NPS 4 and (2) aboveClass 300, and5.1.5 Piping components of Special Class8other thanflanges which meet both of the following criteria: (1) over NPS4 and (2) when the working pressure at the operating tempera-ture exceeds the tabulated values for Special Class 300, Group1.1.5.2 Heat treatm

23、ent, when required by 5.1 shall be annealing,normalizing, or normalizing and tempering or quenching andtempering in accordance with Specification A 961.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 Steels to which lead has been added shall no

24、t be used.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3.7.2 For normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenchedand tempered forgings, the central axis of the test specimenshall correspond to the14 T plane or deeper po

25、sition, where Tis the maximum heat-treated thickness of the represented6Available from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005.7For definition of Class 300, see ASME B16.5.8For definition of special class, see ASME B16.34.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTEFor each

26、 reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbonmaximum (0.35 %), an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specifiedmaximum (1.05 %) will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35 %.Element Composition, %Carbon 0.35 maxManganese 0.601.05Phosphorus 0.035 maxSulfur 0.040 maxSilicon 0.100.35Copper 0.40 maxA

27、Nickel 0.40 maxAChromium 0.30 maxA,BMolybdenum 0.12 maxA,BVanadium 0.08 maxAThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall notexceed 1.00 %.BThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 %.TABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsATensile strength, min, psi MPa 70 000 485Yield s

28、trength, min, psi MPaB36 000 250Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation for walls516 in. 7.9 mmand over in thickness, strip tests.30When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gage length orsmaller proportionally sized specimen with the gagelength equal to 4D is used22For strip tests, a

29、 deduction for each132-in. 0.8-mmdecrease in wall thickness below516 in. 7.9 mmfrom the basic minimum elongationof the percentage points of Table 31.50CReduction of area, min, %D30Hardness, HB, max 187AFor small forgings, see 7.3.4.BDetermined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension

30、-under-load method.CSee Table 3 for computed minimum values.DFor round specimens only.TABLE 3 Computed Minimum ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min, %in. mm516 (0.312) 7.9 30.00932 (0.281) 7.1 28.5014 (0.250) 6.4 27.00732 (0.219) 5.6 25.50316 (0.188) 4.8 24.00532 (0.156) 4.0 22.5018

31、(0.125) 3.2 21.00332 (0.094) 2.4 19.50116 (0.062) 1.6 18.00NoteThe above table gives the computed minimum elongation values foreach132-in. 0.8-mm decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness liesbetween two values shown above, the minimum elongation value is determined bythe following equati

32、on:E 5 48T 1 15.00where:E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %, andT = actual thickness of specimen, in. mm.A 105/A 105M 052forging. In addition, for quenched and tempered forgings, themidlength of the test specimen shall be at least T from anysecond heat-treated surface. When section thickness does no

33、tpermit this positioning, the test specimen shall be positioned asnear as possible to the prescribed location.7.3 Tension Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components.7.3.2 One tension test shall be made from each heat-treatingcharge. If more than one heat is inclu

34、ded in such a charge, eachheat shall be tested.7.3.2.1 When the heat-treating temperatures are the sameand the furnaces (either batch or continuous type), are con-trolled within 625 F 614 C and equipped with recordingpyrometers so that complete records of heat treatment areavailable, then one tensio

35、n test from each heat is requiredinstead of one test from each heat in each heat-treatmentcharge. The test specimen material shall be included with afurnace charge.7.3.3 Testing shall be performed in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A 370. The largest feasible roundspecimen as described i

36、n Test Methods and Definitions A 370shall be used except when hollow cylindrically shaped parts aremachined from seamless tubulars. The gage length for mea-suring elongation shall be four times the diameter of the testsection. When hollow cylindrically shaped parts are machinedfrom seamless tubular

37、materials, strip tests may be used.7.3.4 Forgings too small to permit obtaining a subsizespecimen of 0.250 in. 6.35 mm diameter or larger (see TestMethods and Definitions A 370) parallel to the dimension ofmaximum working, and produced in equipment unsuitable forthe production of a separately forged

38、 test bar such as anautomatic or semi-automatic press, may be accepted on thebasis of hardness only. One percent of the forgings per lot (seeNote 2), or ten forgings, whichever is the lesser number, shallbe selected at random, prepared, and tested using the standardBrinell test in Test Methods and D

39、efinitions A 370. Thelocations of the indentations shall be at the option of themanufacturer but shall be selected to be representative of theforging as a whole. One indentation per forging shall berequired but additional indentations may be made to establishthe representative hardness. The hardness

40、 of all forgings sotested shall be 137 to 187 HB inclusive.NOTE 2A lot is defined as the product from a mill heat or if heattreated, the product of a mill heat per furnace charge.7.4 Hardness TestsExcept when only one forging isproduced, a minimum of two forgings shall be hardness testedper batch or

41、 continuous run as defined in 7.3.2.1 to ensure thatforgings are within the hardness limits given in Table 2. Whenonly one forging is produced, it shall be hardness tested asdefined in 7.3.2.1 to ensure it is within the hardness limitsgiven in Table 2. Testing shall be in accordance with TestMethods

42、 and Definitions A 370. The purchaser may verify thatthe requirement has been met by testing at any location on theforging, provided such testing does not render the forginguseless.8. Hydrostatic Tests8.1 Such tests shall be conducted by the forging manufac-turer only when Supplementary Requirement

43、S8 in Specifica-tion A 961 is specified.9. Retreatment9.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform tothe requirement specified, the manufacturer may heat treat orreheat treat the forgings as applicable and repeat the testspecified in Section 7.10. Repair by Welding10.1 Repair of defects

44、 by the manufacturer is permissiblefor forgings made to dimensional standards such as those ofASME or for other parts made for stock by the manufacturer.Prior approval of the purchaser is required to repair-weldspecial forgings made to the purchasers requirements.10.2 Weld repairs shall be made by a

45、 process that does notproduce undesirably high levels of hydrogen in the weldedareas.10.3 All forgings repaired by welding shall be post-weldheat treated between 1100 F 593 C and the lower transfor-mation temperature for a minimum of12 h/in. 12 h/25.4 mmof maximum section thickness, or alternatively

46、 annealed,normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered. If theforging was not previously heat treated, the original temperingtemperature was exceeded, or the forging was fully heat treatedin the post weld cycle, then the forging shall be tested inaccordance with Section 7 on completion of the c

47、ycle.10.4 The mechanical properties of the procedure-qualification weldment shall, when tested in accordance withSection IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,conform with the requirements listed in Table 2 for the thermalcondition of repair-welded forgings.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 E

48、ach forging that develops injurious defects duringshop working or application shall be rejected and the manu-facturer notified.12. Certification12.1 Identification MarkingFor forgings made to speci-fied dimensions, when agreed upon by the purchaser, and forforgings made to dimensional standards, app

49、lication of identi-fication marks as required in Specification A 961 shall be thecertification that the forgings have been furnished in accor-dance with the requirements of this specification. The specifi-cation designation included on test reports shall include yeardate and revision letter, if any.12.2 Test ReportsWhen test reports are required, themanufacturer shall also provide the following, where appli-cable:12.2.1 Type heat treatment, Section 5,12.2.2 Tensile property results, Section 7 (Table 2), reportthe yield strengt