ASHRAE 143-2015 Method of Test for Rating Indirect Evaporative Coolers.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2015(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2007)Method of Test for RatingIndirect EvaporativeCoolersApproved by ASHRAE on January 30, 2015, and by the American National Standards Institute on February 2, 2015.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; t

2、he date following the standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) orfrom ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone

3、: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission,go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2015 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE

4、. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majori

5、ty,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consen

6、sus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while

7、 other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of th

8、e contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the publ

9、ic in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted u

10、nder its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in design

11、ing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to

12、this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standards Project Committee 143Cognizant TC: TC 5.7, Evaporative CoolingSPLS Liaison: Waller S. ClementsPatricia T. Graef, C

13、hair* Roy T. Otterbein* Hofu Wu*Gursaran D. Mathur* Michael S. Sherber* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20142015Richard L. Hall, Chair James W. Earley, Jr. Mark P. ModeraDouglass T. Reindl, Vice-Chair Steven J. Emmerich Cyrus

14、H. NasseriJoseph R. Anderson Patricia T. Graef Heather L. PlattJames Dale Aswegan Rita M. Harrold Peter SimmondsCharles S. Barnaby Adam W. Hinge Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Donald M. Brundage Srinivas Katipamula Jack H. ZarourJohn A. Clark Debra H. Kennoy Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOWaller S. Clements Malcol

15、m D. Knight Bjarne Wilkens Olesen, CODavid R. Conover Rick A. LarsonJohn F. Dunlap Arsen K. MelkovStephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of StandardsCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2015,Method of Test for Rating Indirect Evaporative CoolersSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions .24

16、Symbols and Subscripts45 Compliance .56 Classifications .57 Requirements68 Instruments .69 Apparatus710 Methods of Testing811 Calculation of Results1012 Test Report1213 References13Informative Annex A: Bibliography 14Informative Annex B: Rating Requirements 14Informative Annex C: Rating Provisions15

17、Informative Annex D: Test Data Record19Informative Annex E: Test Reports .21NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEWeb site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2015 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All

18、rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2015(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyi

19、nformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material

20、are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDFirst published in 2000, ASHRAE Standard 143 provides pro-cedures for testing indirect evaporative cooling devices underlaboratory conditions to obtain rating information. As anASHRAE method-of-test standard, it is intended to offer rec-o

21、mmended practices and accurate measurement procedures.In this new 2015 edition, references have been updated andthe reporting forms have been moved to the informative appen-dices.1. PURPOSEThis standard provides test procedures and calculations forestablishing the cooling capacities and power requir

22、ementsfor indirect evaporative cooling equipment.2. SCOPE2.1 This standard covers testing under steady-state conditionsfor rating of indirect evaporative coolers thata. sensibly cool a primary airstream through heat exchangersby the evaporation of water into a secondary airstream andb. are self-cont

23、ained or are components of packaged systems.2.2 This standard does not covera. devices that use mechanical refrigeration or thermal stor-age to cool the primary airstream, the secondary air-stream, or the water provided for evaporation; orb. devices that dry the primary or secondary airstream.3. DEF

24、INITIONSadiabatic saturation: evaporating water into air withoutexternal gain or loss of heat. Sensible heat in both air andwater becomes latent heat in entrained vapor, and tempera-tures fall and equalize.air density: the mass per unit volume of the air.application rating: a rating based on tests p

25、erformed at appli-cation rating conditions (other than standard rating condi-tions).component indirect evaporative cooler (IEC module): anindirect evaporative cooling device consisting of an indirectevaporative cooling heat exchanger, a means of delivering anddistributing water to the wet passages o

26、f the heat exchanger, abasin for collecting water, a recirculating water pump, and thepiping that connects the basin and the water distribution sys-tem. (See Figure 3.)cooling effectiveness: the primary air dry-bulb temperaturereduction divided by the primary air entering dry-bulb tem-perature less

27、the entering secondary wet-bulb temperature.determination: a complete set of measurements for a particu-lar point of operation of an IECU. The measurements shall besufficient to determine all IECU performance variables asdefined in this standard.energy factor: the ratio of the total kinetic energy o

28、f the flowto the kinetic energy corresponding to the average velocity.evaporative cooling: cooling that evaporates water to cool airby one of two methods: (1) direct, which is adiabatic andhumidifies the air, and (2) indirect, which is nonadiabatic andcools the air being treated.fan: a device for mo

29、ving air that utilizes a power-driven rotat-ing impeller. A fan shall have at least one inlet opening and atleast one outlet opening. The openings may or may not haveelements for connection to ductwork.fan motor power: the electric power required to drive the fanand any elements in the drive train t

30、hat are considered a partof the fan.fan speed: the rotative speed of the impeller. If a fan has morethan one impeller, fan speeds are the rotative speeds of eachimpeller.free delivery: the point of operation where the external staticpressure is zero.IECU: a term created for use in this document that

31、 refers to apackaged, semipackaged, or component indirect evaporativecooling unit. The term cooling unit is also used interchange-ably throughout this document for evaporative cooling unit orevaporative cooler.IECU air boundaries: indirect evaporative cooling unit inletand outlet boundaries are defi

32、ned as the interface between thecooling unit and the remainder of the system and are at aplane perpendicular to the airstream where it enters or leavesthe indirect evaporative cooling unit. Various appurtenances,such as filter media assemblies, inlet boxes, inlet vanes, inletcones, silencers, screen

33、s, rain hoods, dampers, dischargecones, and eaves, may be included as part of the cooling unitbetween the inlet and outlet boundaries.IECU air density: the density of the air corresponding to thetotal pressure and dry- and wet-bulb temperatures at the cool-ing unit inlet.IECU inlet area: the gross i

34、nside area measured in theplane(s) of the inlet connection(s). For converging inlets with-out connection elements, the inlet area shall be considered tobe where a plane, perpendicular to the airstream, first meetsthe bell mouth or cone.IECU input power boundary: the interface of the wiringentering e

35、lectrically powered equipment. Drive or couplinglosses are included as part of the input power.IECU outlet area: the gross inside area measured in theplane(s) of the outlet opening(s).IECU total power: the sum of the power in watts supplied tothe electrical components of the indirect evaporative coo

36、lertested. This includes fan motors, pump motors, and otherdevices needed to produce the cooling effect. The power tocontrol devices such as thermostats, transformers providingANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2015 3low voltage to control mechanisms, and freeze protectiondevices need not be included in total

37、 power.IECU total pressure: the difference between the total pres-sure at the cooling unit outlet and the total pressure at thecooling unit inlet.IECU velocity pressure: the pressure corresponding to theaverage velocity at the cooling unit outlet.indirect evaporative cooler (IEC): a heat and mass tr

38、ansferdevice used to sensibly cool a primary airstream, withoutaddition of moisture, by means of an evaporatively cooledsecondary airstream. Since the secondary air provides wet-bulb depression, it represents a heat sink to the primary air.indirect evaporative cooler with integrated heat exchanger:a

39、n indirect evaporative cooling device with integrated primary(dry) and secondary (wet) air passages in a single sensibleand evaporative heat exchanger. (See Figure 1.)indirect evaporative cooler with nonintegrated heatexchanger: an indirect evaporative cooling device with a sepa-rate primary (dry) s

40、ensible heat exchanger and a separate sec-ondary (wet) evaporative heat exchanger. The recirculatingfluid between these two heat exchangers is used to transfer heatfrom the primary to the secondary airstream. (See Figure 2.)packaged indirect evaporative cooler (packaged IECU): anindirect evaporative

41、 cooler with integrated or nonintegratedprimary and secondary air passages and provided with bothprimary and secondary air-moving devices. This device alsoincludes the entire water distribution, collection, and recircu-lation system with pump and piping. This type may have pro-visions for installati

42、on of other heat and mass transferdevices, such as a direct evaporative cooler and auxiliaryheating and cooling coils. These additional devices are notcovered by this standard. (See Figure 7.)point of operation: the relative position on the cooling unitcharacteristic curve corresponding to a particu

43、lar flow rate. Itis controlled during a test by adjusting a throttling device, bychanging flow nozzles or the fan characteristic, or by anycombination of these.pressure: force per unit area. This corresponds to the energyper unit volume of fluid.pressure, absolute: the value of a pressure when the d

44、atumpressure is absolute zero. It is always positive.pressure, barometric: the absolute pressure exerted by theatmosphere.pressure, differential: the change in total pressure due to fric-tion and velocity.pressure, gauge: the value of a pressure when the datumpressure is the barometric pressure at t

45、he point of measure-ment. It may be negative or positive.pressure, static: static pressure of a gas stream is the force perunit area measured by a manometer connected to a small holein the duct wall or other boundary, the surface of which shallbe parallel to the path of the stream. It is equivalent

46、to thepotential energy of a unit volume of the fluid and exists byvirtue of the gas density and degree of compression alone.pressure, total: the air pressure that exists by virtue of thedegree of compression and the rate of motion. It is the alge-braic sum of the velocity pressure and the static pre

47、ssure at apoint. Thus, if the air is at rest, the total pressure is equal thestatic pressure.pressure, velocity: that portion of the air pressure that existsby virtue of motion only. It is always positive.primary air: air supplied to a conditioned space.pump or rotary device power: the electric powe

48、r required todrive the pump or rotary device used to distribute water in theIECU.rating: the assigned values of those performance characteris-tics, under stated rating conditions, by which a unit may bechosen to fit its application. These values apply to all units oflike nominal size and type (ident

49、ification) produced by thesame manufacturer.rating conditions: any set of operating conditions underwhich a single level of performance results, and which causesonly that level of performance to occur.FIGURE 1 Integrated air-to-air heat exchanger.FIGURE 2 Nonintegrated sensible and evaporative heatexchanger.4 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 143-2015rating standard: a standard that sets forth a method of inter-preting the results of tests of individual units, at specifiedconditions, in relation to a product manufactured in quantity.secondary air: air used to reject heat to an ambient e