2018年湖南省中考一模试卷英语及答案解析.docx

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1、第1页（共15页） 2018年湖南省中考一模试卷英语一、知识运用（两部分，共10小题；计20分）第一节语法填空从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共10小题，计10分）1.（1分）Mymother_whenIgothomeyesterday.A.cookB.willcookC.wascooking解析：分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是昨天到我到家时，我妈妈正在做饭.这里表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构是was/weredoing，主语是三单。答案：C. 2.（1分）ChinahasbuiltanewGreatGreenWall_thenorthpartofthecount

2、ry.A.amongB.acrossC.throughD.between解析：考查介词。A在之间；B穿过（物体表面）；C穿过（物体内部）；D在之间。句意中国已经建立了一个新的绿色长城横跨中国北部。.表示横跨物体表面，用across.答案：B3.（1分）IliketravelingbecauseIcanalwaysfind_interestingduringtherip.A.nothingB.anythingC.something 解析：考查不定代词。A没有东西；B任何东西（通常用于否定句或一般疑问句）；C一些东西。结合语境我喜欢旅行，因为我总能在假期里找到_有趣的_。可知，肯定句，应该是一些东

3、西。答案：C4.（1分）Peter，_rubbishintotheriver.Yourepollutingit.Sorry，Mr.Clark.Iwontdoitagain.A.notthrowB.dontthrowC.nottothrow解析：根据rubbishintotheriver.Yourepollutingit.，可知句子无主语，是一个祈使句，以动词原形开头，否定形式在句首加dont.答案：B 5.（1分）Therearemanybooksforustoread.Wecanchoose tostart.A.itB.thatC.each 第2页（共15页） D.one解析：分析句子，结合

4、选项，推测意思是对我们来说有很多书可以读，我们可以选择一本开始读。这里表示很多当中的一个，用one指代。答案：D6.（1分）The number of students in our class _ 30，and now a number of students _plantingtreesonthehill.A.are；areB.is；areC.is；is/解析：考查系动词。句意：我们班的学生人数是30人，现在有很多学生在山上种树.根据题干The number of students in our class _ 30，and now a number of students _ plant

5、ingtreesonthehill.可知thenumberof表示的数量，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是 number，谓语动词要用单数。anumberof表示许多，相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数.答案：B7.（1分）Whentraffic（交通灯）lightsarered，we_stopandwait.A.mayB.canC.mustD.might解析：根据题意：当交通灯变红灯时，我们必须停下来等。可知考查情态动词的用法，常见的情态动词有can，may，must，need，might等，它们所表示的语气是不尽相同的。一般的，在不同的语境中，可以使用不同的情态动词

6、来反映不同的要求和目的.强调必须做什么事情，应该用must.结合选项，A.可能B.可以C.必须D.可能，答案C. 答案：C8.（1分）Ididntseeyouyesterday.Wheredidyougo？I_tovisitmygrandmother.A.goB.willgoC.went解析：考查一般过去时态。A去，动词原形.B一般将来时态。C过去式。句意我昨天没见到你，你去哪儿了？我去看望我奶奶了。由did可知，一般过去时态。谓语动词用过去式went去。答案：C9.（1分）WeChatPay（微信支付）makesourlifeconvenient.Wecanbuythings_ wedont

7、takeanymoney.A.unlessB.becauseC.evenif解析：分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是微信支付使我们的生活很方便，我们可以买东西即 第3页（共15页） 使没有带现钱。A除非，B因为，C即使。答案：C10.（1分）YourbagisPradawhichisthefamousbrand.Couldyoutellme_？Yes.Thoughitsalittleexpensive，itreallyhasgoodquality.A.thatitcostsB.howmuchdoesitcostC.ifitcostalotofmoney解析：考查宾语从句。句意你的包是名牌的普拉达，

8、你能告诉我它是否花了很多钱吗？是的，虽然有点贵，但质量确实很好。宾语从句通常用陈述语序。B不正确。一般疑问句的宾语从句用if引导，意思是是否。A不符合。答案：C 二、解答题（共1小题，满分10分）11.（10分）I putmy sunglasses onand tooka deepbreath.Webegan to walk downthe street onher firstday of school with her hand held tightly in mine. I knew she would be crying in a few minutes，becauseshealways

9、didthatwhenshewas（11）aboutanewenvironment.Onthewaytoschool，Itoldherrepeatedlyhow（12）hernewschoollifewouldbeandexpectedshewouldfeel（13）.Butwhenshesawthemassivegroupofstudentseverywhere，her face at once fell and the tears（眼泪）came into her eyes. You can do this，sweetie.Everyonehasaplaceinline；letsgotof

10、indyours.Welineduptoentertheschool.Justasshewasabouttoholdontomyleg，herfriendfrompreschoolstoodnexttoher.Suddenly，shebecame（14）andreachedoutforherfriendshand.Andastheteacherbeganto（15）themallintotheschool，shewasntcrying，butsmiling.Honestly，I was（16）to say goodbye when I saw those little feet walk in

11、to that big building.Ihidthetearsbehindmysunglassesandwavedmyhandasshewalkedinside.AlldayI（17）whatshewasdoing.AsIwaitedtopickherup，Ifeltlikeachildstandinginlineto（18）Santa.Shecameoutwithherhandwavingandherarmsoutstretched（伸展）.Ididntcryagain，Mommy，shesaid，（19）hugging（拥抱）meandshowingmeherbackpackfullo

12、fgoodies.Duringtwohoursoflistening tothedetails ofherday，welaughedandtalkedaboutall the（20）shehad.Andjustlikeher，Ididntcryagaineither，Iknewmydaughterhasgrownup.11.A.crazyB.carefulC.nervous解析：考查形容词与语境理解。A疯狂的；B小心的；C紧张的；根据后面aboutanew environment.新环境及前面哭，应该是紧张，故选择C.答案：C12.A.amazing 第4页（共15页） B.comfortab

13、leC.valuable解析：考查形容词与语境理解。A.amazing令人惊讶的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.valuable有价值的；根据Itoldherrepeatedlyhow（12）hernewschoollifewouldbeandexpected：在上学的路上，我一再告诉她，她的新学校生活将是多么的令人惊讶，并期望她会感到轻松。根据句意及语境此题应选A.答案：A13.A.safeB.relaxedC.lucky解析：考查形容词与语境的理解。A.safe安全；B.relaxed放轻松的；C.lucky幸运的；结 合前面Itoldherrepeatedlyhow（12）her

14、newschoollifewouldbeandexpected：在上学的路上，我一再告诉她，她的新学校生活将是多么的令人惊讶，期望她会感到轻松.因此选择B.答案：B14.A.confidentB.silentC.active解析：考查形容词与语境理解。A.自信的；B.沉默的；C.积极的；根据后面reachedoutforherfriendshand伸出手去够她朋友的手，可知是主动的，故选择C.答案：C15. A.walkB.sendC.drive解析：考查动词与语境理解。walk走；B.send发送；C.开车。根据后面allintotheschool进学校，应该是走进，故选择A.答案：A16.

15、A.braveB.unwillingC.happy解析：考查形容词与语境理解。A勇敢的；B不愿意的；C开心的；根据Honestly，Iwas（16）to saygoodbyewhenIsawthoselittlefeetwalkintothatbigbuilding.结合怕孩子哭， 这里应该是说实话，当我看到那些小的脚走进那大大的楼里时，我不愿意说再见，故选择B.答案：B17. 第5页（共15页） A.followedB.askedC.wondered解析：考查动词与语境理解。A跟随；B问；C想知道；根据AlldayI（17）whatshewasdoing.他在做什么，应该是一整天我都在想她在

16、做什么，故选择C.答案：C18.A.calmB.feelC.meet解析：考查形容词的用法与语境理解。A平静；B感觉；C遇见；根据AsIwaitedtopickherup，Ifeltlikeachildstandinginlineto（18）Santa当我等着接她时，我觉得自己像个孩子， 站在等遇见圣诞老人，故选择C.答案：C19.A.shylyB.excitedlyC.politely解析：考查副词与语境理解。A.shyly害羞地；B.excitedly兴奋地；C.politely礼貌的；根据前面Shecameoutwithherhandwavingandherarmsoutstretche

17、d（伸展）.Ididntcryagain，句意：我没有再哭了，妈妈，她激动地说，向我展示她的背包里装满了糖果.根据语境女儿此时应是激动和兴奋的，故此题应选B.答案：B 20.A.experiencesB.classesC.students解析：考查名词作宾语与语境理解。A.experiences经验，经历；B.classes类别，班级；C.students学生.根据Duringtwohoursoflisteningtothedetailsofherday，welaughedandtalkedaboutallthe：在两个小时里听了她的一天的细节，我们笑了，并谈论了她在学校的第一天的所有的经历，

18、根据句意及语境此题应选A.答案：A二、阅读技能（三部分，共2小题，计50分）第一节图表理解阅读下列图表，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共2小题，计10分）12.（4分） Piano lessonsExperiencedmusician fromAustralia. Good at teaching kids for 5years!For more information，please visit LostcatMediumsize，withbrownspotsandwhiteshorthair.AnsweryouwhenyoucallitDavid.Man

19、ythanksfor sendingitback. 第6页（共15页） Larryswebsite：www.musiccom.au CallSusanat7328059.GuidewantedFulltimeorpattimeExperience and a good knowledge ofthecityarenecessaryEnglishisalsoamust.Under30yearsold.CallMr.Whiteat5132683. ApartmentforsaleThree bedrooms，a kitchen and twobathrooms.Beautifulsightsout

20、ofthewindows.E21.Ifyouwanttohaveapianolesson，youmay .A.callSusanat7328059B.surfthewebsite：.auC.telephoneMr.Whiteat5132683 解析：细节理解题。根据第一个广告Guitar lessons和please visit Larrys website：.au.可知浏览此网页可了解钢琴的学习。答案B.答案：B22.WhichinformationabouttheapartmentisNOTmentioned（提到）above？A.Ithasabeautifulview.B.Ithasth

21、reefloors.C.Ithasthreebedrooms.解析：细节题，结合Threebedrooms，akitchenandtwobathrooms.Beautifulsightsoutofthewindows可知公寓很漂亮，有三个卧室，答案B.答案：B13.（6分） GonewiththeWindAuthor：MargaretMitchell25（inbookstores）18（online）Gonewith theWindis abestseller，whichtells a story that happened in the AmericanCivil War. Scarlett

22、 OHara is a woman in thestory who is full of energy. She is strong andsaves her family but is very selfish at the sametime.ALittlePrincessAuthor：FrancesHodgsonBurnett20（online）Aspecialoffer：18（8：00a.m.10：00a.m.） Motherless Sara Crewes father was very richand Sara lived a rich and comfortable life. T

23、henher father died and she lost everything. Herstrong character made her able to fightsuccessfullyagainstherpoverty（贫穷）andthe 第7页（共15页） scorn（嘲笑）.Itsanexcellentbookforchildren. PeterPanAuthor：J.MBarrie15（inbookstores）12（online）It is a childrens story full of imagination andadventures（冒险），whichisabou

24、tWendy，John，and Michael Darlings adventures inNeverNever LandwithPeter Pan，theboywho would not grow up. The children arehappyandlovely.23.WhatdifficultydidSaraCrewefaceinherlife？A.TheAmericanCivilWarB.Thelossofherparents C.AdventuresinNeverNeverLand解析：细节题：由Motherless Sara Crewes father was very rich

25、 and Sara lived a rich andcomfortablelife.Thenherfatherdiedandshelosteverything.可知她先后失去了父母，答案B.答案：B24.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat .A.wecanbuyalltheabovebooksinbookstoresB.twoofthebooksarewrittenbyJ.MBarrieC.PeterPanis3cheaperonlinethaninbookstores解析：细节题：PeterPanAuthor：J.MBarrie15（inbookstores）12（on

26、line）价格比较书店比网上贵3元，答案C. 答案：C25.Ifyouwanttobuyallthethreebooks，youhavetopayatleast online.A.30B.12C.48解析：推理题。由题干是说最少需要多少钱，结合18（online），Aspecialoffer：18，12（online）可知最少需要18+18+12=48元，答案C.答案：C第二节短文理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共3小题，计30分）14.（10分） In nature，you may see many insects and animals

27、 of different colors. Have you everwondered why Locusts are super delicious food for birds，but it is not always an easy job forbirds to catchthem. It is neither becauselocusts are good jumpers or runnersnor becausethey aresmarter thantheir enemies.The reasonis that thecolors oflocusts change with th

28、e colorsof crops（庄稼）.Whencropsareyoung，locustslookgreen.Butwhenautumncomes，locustschange 第8页（共15页） totheyellowandbrowncolorascropsdo.Brown bears，tigers and other animals move quietly through forests. They cant be seeneasily by their enemies.This is because they have colors similar（类似的）to the trees.

29、For thesamereason，polarbearsthatliveonalandofsnowandicearewhite.Butterfliesandbeeslivingamongtheflowersarecolorfullikeflowers.Soil（土壤）insectsaremostlydarkcoloredandtheylive under the soil in a dark and wet environment. However，insects with colors different fromplants can easily be found and eaten by

30、 others. So in order to survive，they have to hidethemselvesinthedaytimeandappearonlyatnight.Haveyou evernoticedsome evenstranger acts？Theinkfish（墨鱼）intheseacansendoutsomeveryblackinkwhenitfacesdanger.Astheinkspreadsover（散开），itsenemies（敌人）will find themselves suddenly in a dark world. At the same tim

31、e the ink fish immediatelyswimsaway.Thatishowitkeepsitselfsafethoughitisnotstrongatall.26.Itisnoteasyforbirdstocatchlocustsbecause . A.locustsaregoodrunnersB.locustscanjumpveryhighC.locustscanchangetheircolor解析：细节题。根据第二段Locustsaresuperdeliciousfoodforbirds，butitisnotalwaysaneasyjob for birds to catc

32、h theme reason is that the colors of locusts change with the colors of crops（庄稼）.及下文描述，可知鸟类不易捉住昆虫是因为他们能够随着庄稼而改变他们自身的颜色。答案C.答案：C27.Accordingtothepassage，mostsoilinsects .A.donothavebrightcolorsB.changetheircolorswiththesoilC.donotliveinadarkandwetenvironment 解析：细节题。根据第三段Soilinsectsaremostlydarkcolore

33、dandtheyliveunderthesoil（土壤）inadarkandwetenvironment.描述，可知生活在土壤里面的昆虫没有明亮的颜色。答案：A28.Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsurviveinthepassage？A.繁殖B.产卵C.生存解析：词义理解题。联系下文they have to hide themselves in the daytime and appear only atnight.描述，可知此处指的是为了生存。答案：C29.Theinkfish sothatitsenemieswillnotseeit. A.chang

34、esitscolorB.appearsonlyatnightC.makesthewaterarounditblack解析：细节题。根据短文最后一段描述Theinkfishintheseacansendoutsomeveryblackinkwhenitfacesdanger，可知墨鱼能够能够喷出一种墨水，让它周围水的颜色变黑来保护自己。 第9页（共15页） 答案：C30.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？A.Someinsectsandanimalshavedifferentskills.B.Someinsectsandanimalsusecolorstoprotec

35、tthemselves.C.Someinsectsandanimalsarecleverthanwethink.解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容Thereasonisthatthecolorsoflocustschangewiththecolorsofcrops（庄稼）.Whencropsareyoung，locustslookgreen.Butwhenautumncomes，locustschange totheyellowandbrowncolorascropsdo.可知，这篇主要介绍了一些动物依靠自身颜色来保护自己的生存方式。答案：B15.（10分） On February 9th，

36、2013，Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met ahomeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse，emptied out all thecoins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this smallgenerousactwouldchangetheirlives.Sarahdidnt realizethatsheh

37、adgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebutalsoherdiamondringthat she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband，Bill Krejci，rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the sameplace，he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful cou

38、ple paid him back for his honestybyemptyingouttheirpocketsofallthemoneytheyhad.Bill Krejci，awebdesigner，feltthat heneededto dosomethingmore forthis amazinglyhonest man. So on February 18th，he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just fourdays，Billyreceivedover$85，000andthereseemstobenoen

39、dyet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets.Andthatsnotallthankstothenewsreport，hegottogetheragainwithhisolderbrother，EdwinHarris，whohehadbeenunabletofindfor27years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thingreturning someth

40、ing that did notbelongtohim.31.WhendidSarahrealizethatshehadalsogivenBillythediamondring？A.OnFebruary9th，2013.B.OnFebruary10th，2013.C.OnFebruary18th，2013.解析：细节推理题。根据第一段句子OnFebruary9th，2013，SarahDarlingwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshemetahomelessmannamedBillyRayHarris.2013年2月9日，萨拉达林在街上走着，遇到了一个叫比利雷哈里斯的

41、流浪汉.第二段句子Sarahdidntrealizethatshehadgiven Billy not onlyall herchange but alsoher diamond ring that she hadput inher change purseearlieruntilthefollowingmorning.莎拉没有意识到她不仅给了比利她所有的零钱而且她还把 她的钻戒放在她的零钱钱包里，直到第二天早上才意识到.可知应该是2013年2月10日。答案：B32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage？A.Billyislivingwit

42、hagenerousperson. 第10页（共15页） B.Billyhasfoundhisbrother.C.Billyboughtadiamondring.解析：细节判断题。根据倒数第二段句子Billyislivingwithapersonwhoisgenerous比利和一个慷慨大方的人生活在一起，可知A选项在文章中提到了；根据倒数第二段句子Thankstothenewsreport，hegottogetheragainwithhisolderbrother多亏了这篇新闻报道，他又和他的哥哥再次相聚。可知B选项提到了；根据第二段句子Sarahdidntrealizethatshehadg

43、ivenBillynotonlyall herchange butalsoherdiamondring thatshehadputin herchange purseearlieruntilthefollowingmorning.莎拉没有意识到她不仅给了比利她所有的零钱而且她还把她的钻戒放在她的零钱钱包里，直到第二天早上才意识到.可知C选项这句话不符合文意，这个钻石戒指是Sarah的，并不是Billy买的。答案：C33.TheunderlinedwordThatinParagraph4refersto（指代） A.returningtheringB.settingupapageC.receiv

44、ingmoney解析：细节推理题。根据第三段句子So onFebruary18th，heset upaspecialpage toraisemoneyforhim.Injustfourdays，Billyreceivedover$85，000andthereseemstobenoendyet.因此，在2月18日，他设立了一个特别的页面为他筹集资金.仅仅4天，比利就得到了8.5万美元的收入，而且似乎还没有结束。可知，这里的that代指的应该是前文中所提到的事情，这里应该指的是当Billy归还了戒指之后，在Bill的努力下，人们为他捐了很多钱。答案：C34.Whodidthediamondring

45、belongto？A.SarahDarling.B.BillyRayHarris. C.BillKrejci.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段句子SarahdidntrealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchange but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the followingmorning.莎拉没有意识到她不仅给了比利她所有的零钱而且她还把她的钻戒放在她的零钱钱包里，直到第二天早上才意识到.Thehomelessmanwasnotonl

46、yinthesameplace，healsoimmediatelyreturnedthering.那个无家可归的人不仅在同一个地方，他还立即把戒指还给了他。可知钻石戒子属于莎拉达林。答案：A35.Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage？A.GenerousWomanChangedHerOwnLifeB.KindManSetUpSpecialPageC.HomelessManReturnedDiamondRing 解析：主旨归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子SarahdidntrealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebu

47、talsoherdiamondringthatshehadputinherchangepurseearlieruntilthefollowingmorning.莎拉没有意识到她不仅给了比利她所有的零钱而且她还把她的钻戒放在她的零钱钱包里，直到第二天早上才意识到.Thehomelessmanwasnotonlyinthesameplace，healsoimmediatelyreturnedthering.那个无家可归的人不仅在同一个地方，他还立即 第11页（共15页） 把戒指还给了他.可知这篇短文讲述的是一个诚实的流浪汉归还了Sarah无意间给他的一枚戒指，而他的这份善良也给他自己带来了回报.他

48、不仅从人们那里得到了很多捐款，而且找到了他失散多年的哥哥.故这篇短文的标题应该是无家可归的人返回钻石戒指。答案：C16.（10分）Thai New Year is also called Songkran Festival. It is celebrated for three days from April13toApril 15every year. Songkran Festival is the most funfilled time of the year in Thailand.ForThaipeople，itisanimportantholiday.Itisatimetostay

49、withtheirfamily，dogoodthingsin temples（寺庙），visit and show their love to the elderly. It is also a time to enjoy the waterfightthattakesplaceonalmosteverystreetinthiscountryduringthehottestmonthoftheyear.The first day of Songkran Festival is an important day to do good things. Thai people willvisittemples.Alsotheywillgivemoney，clothesandfoodtothemonks（僧侣）thatliveinthe temples.Afterthattheywillspendtimewiththeirfamily.On the second day of Songkran Festival，Thai people will carry sand into temples to b