雅思-48及答案解析.doc

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1、雅思-48 及答案解析(总分：99.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BListening Modul(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION 1Questi(总题数：1，分数：9.00)SHORTSTAYACCOMMODATIONFirst Name: U U 1 /U /UCountry of Origin: U U 2 /U /UDate of Arrival: U U 3 /U /UNumber of Tenants: U U 4 /U /ULength of Stay: 2 weekPurpose of Visit: U U 5 /U /UType of Accommodat

2、ion: U U 6 /U /UNumber of Bedrooms: one or twoCar Parking: off-street and U U 7 /U /UGeneral Area: near the beachOther Requirements: near U U 8 /U /UName of Town: U U 9 /U /UClients Email Price Range: up to $U U 10 /U /Ua week （分数：9.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填

3、空项 1:_三、SECTION 2Questions 1(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：4.00）(1).Refreshments will be served A.at the front counter. B.in the lobby. C.at the back of the hall.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Nick Noble advertised A.on the radio. B.on a billboard. C.in the newspaper.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The original number of founding memb

4、ers was about A.12. B.20. C.200.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The club provides activities primarily for reasonably fit A.males up to 75. B.females with young children. C.males and females of any age.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.Activity Day(s) Duration Contact Person U U 5 /U /UTuesday a lifeboat drill scheduled for earlie

5、r on the same clay that the Titanic struck the iceberg was cancelled by Captain Smith, in order to allow passengers to attend church.Questions 1-6Complete the table below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet. Time Person/s P

6、osition Action11.39p.m. U (1) /U U (2) /U Reported sighting of icebergU (3) /U AndrewsShips designerReported how long the Tianic could stay afloat12.15a.m. Smith Captain Ordered U (4) /Uto be released2.17a.m. Bride though most critics praised the film, it was mostly on account of its ground-breaking

7、 special effects. Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times praised Avatars “powerful“ visual accomplishments, but suggested the dialogue was “flat“ and the characterisations “obvious“. A film analyst at Exhibitor Relations has agreed, noting that Avatar has cemented the use of 3-D as a production and

8、promotional tool for blockbuster films, rather than as a mere niche or novelty experiment. “This is why all these 3-D venues were built“, he said. “This is the one. The behemoth. The holy grail of 3-D has finally arrived“.CThose who embrace 3-D note that it spices up a trip to the cinema by adding a

9、 more active “embodied“ layer of experience instead of the viewer passively receiving the film through eyes and ears only. A blogger on Animation Ideas writes, “.when 3-D is done well-like in the flying scenes in Up, How to Train Your Dragon and Avatar, there is an added feeling of vertigo. If you h

10、ave any fear of heights, the 3-D really adds to this element.“ Kevin Carr argues that the backlash against 3-D is similar to that which occurred against CGI2 several years ago, and points out that CGI is now widely regarded as part of the film-makers artistic toolkit. He also notes that new technolo

11、gy is frequently seen to be a “gimmick“ in its early days, pointing out that many commentators slapped the first “talkie“ films of the early 1920s with this same label.DBut not everyone greets the rise of 3-D with open arms. Some ophthalmologists point out that 3-D can have unsettling physical effec

12、ts for many viewers. Dr. Michael Rosenberg, a professor at Northwestern University, has pointed out that many people go through life with minor eye disturbancesa slight muscular imbalance, for examplethat does not interrupt day-to-day activities. In the experience of a 3-D movie, however, this probl

13、em can be exacerbated through the viewer trying to concentrate on unusual visual phenomena. Dr. Deborah Friedman, from the University of Rochester Medical Center, notes that the perception of depth conjured through three dimensions does not complement the angles from which we take in the world. Eyes

14、trains, headaches and nausea are therefore a problem for around 15% ofa 3-D film audience.EFilm critic Roger Ebert warns that 3-D is detrimental to good film-making. Firstly, he argues, the technology is simply unnecessary; 2-D movies are “already“ 3-D, as far as our minds are concerned. Adding the

15、extra dimension with technology, instead of letting our minds do the work, can actually be counterpurposeful and make the over-all effect seem clumsy and contrived. Ebert also points out that the special glasses dim the effect by soaking up light from the screen, making 3-D films a slightly duller e

16、xperience than they might otherwise be. Finally, Ebert suggests that 3-D encourages film-makers to undercut drama and narrative in favour of simply piling on more gimmicks and special effects. “Hollywood is racing headlong toward the kiddie market,“ he says, pointing to Disneys announcement that it

17、will no longer make traditional films in favour of animation, franchises, and superheroes.FWhether or not 3-D becomes a powerful force for the film-makers vision and the film-going experience, or goes down in history as an over-hyped, expensive novelty, the technology certainly shows no signs of fad

18、ing in the popularity stakes at the moment. Clash of the Titans, Alice in Wonderland and How to Train Your Dragon have all recently benefited at the box office due to the added sales that 3-D provides, and with Avatars record set to last some time as a totem of 3-Ds commercial possibilities, studios

19、 are not prepared to back down.i Construction of special cinemas for 3-Dii Good returns forecast for immediate futureiii The greatest 3-D film of all timeiv End of traditional movies for childrenv Early developmentsvi New technology diminishes the artvii The golden age of moviesviii In defence of 3-

20、Dix 3-D is here to stayx Undesirable visual effects（分数：6.00）(1).Section A（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Section B（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Section C（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).SectionD（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Section E（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Section F（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Questions 20-26Look at the following statements (Questions 20-26) a

21、nd the list of people below.Mattch each statement with the correct person, A-G.Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 20-26 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.NB Some options may not be used.List of PeopleAKenneth TuranBExhibitor Relations analystCAnimation Ideas bloggerD

22、Kevin CartEDr Michael RosenbergFDr Deborah FriedmanGRoger Ebert（分数：7.00）(1).3-D conflicts with our mental construct of our surroundings.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).3-D encourages an over-emphasis on quick visual thrills.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Effective use of 3-D technology may increase our sensation of elevat

23、ion.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).3-D viewing can worsen an existing visual disorder.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Avatar is the most powerful example of 3-D yet to arrive in cinemas.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Avatars strength is found in its visual splendour, not in aspects of story.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).People already have th

24、e mental capacity to see ordinary movies in three dimensions.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_九、EADING PASSAGE 3(总题数：2，分数：14.00)You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Does water have memory?The practice of homeopathy was first developed by the German physician

25、 Samuel Hanuman. During research in the 1790s, Hahnemann began experimenting with quinine, an alkaloid derived from cinchona bark that was well known at the time to have a positive effect on fever. Hahnemann started dosing himself with quinine while in a state of good health, and reported in his jou

26、rnals that his extremities went cold, he experienced palpitations, an “infinite anxiety“, a trembling and weakening of the limbs, reddening cheeks and thirst“ in short“, he concluded, “all the symptoms of relapsing fever presented themselves successively.“ Hahnemanns main observation was that things

27、 which create problems for healthy people cure those problems in sick people, and this became his first principle of homeopathy: simila s/m/1/bus (with help from the same). While diverging from the principle of apothecary practice at the timewhich was contraria contraries (with help from the opposit

28、e)the efficacy of simila similibus was reaffirmed by subsequent developments in the field of vaccinations.Hahnemanns second principle was minimal dosingtreatments should be taken in the most diluted form at which they remain effective. This negated any possible toxic effects of simila similibus.In 1

29、988 the French immunologist Jacques Benefits took minimal dosing to new extremes when he published a paper in the prestigious scientific journal Nature in which he suggested that very high dilutions of the anti-leg antibody could affect human basophile granulocytes, the least common of the granulocy

30、tes that make up about 0.01% to 0.3% of white blood cells. The point of controversy, however, was that the water in Benvenistes test had been so diluted that any molecular evidence of the antibodies no longer existed. Water molecules, the researcher concluded, had a biologically active component tha

31、t a journalist later termed “water memory“. A number of efforts from scientists in Britain, France and the Netherlands to duplicate Benvenistes research were unsuccessful, however, and to this day no peer-reviewed study under broadly accepted conditions has been able to confirm the validity of “wate

32、r memory“.The third principle of homeopathy is “the single remedy“. Exponents of this principle believe that it would be too difficult, if not impossible, to ascertain the potential effects of multiple homeopathic remedies delivered simultaneously. If it did work, they suggest, one could not know qu

33、ite why it worked, turning homeopathy into an ambiguous guessing game. If it did not work, neither patient nor practitioner would know whether the ingredients were all ineffective, or whether they were only ineffective in combination with one another. Combination remedies are gaining in popularity,

34、but classical homeopaths who rely on the single remedy approach warn these are not more potent, nor do they provide more treatment options. The availability of combination remedies, these homeopaths suggest, has been led by consumers wanting more options, not from homeopathic research indicating the

35、ir efficacy.Homeopathy is an extremely contentious form of medicine, with strong assertions coming from both critics and supporters of the practice. “Homeopathy: Theres nothing in it“ announces the tagline to 10:23, a major British anti-homeopathy campaign. At 10.23 a.m. on 30 January 2010, over 400

36、 supporters of the 10:23 stood outside Boots pharmacies and swallowed an entire bottle each of homeopathic pills in an attempt to raise awareness about the fact that these remedies are made of sugar and water, with no active components. This, defenders of homeopathy say, is entirely the point. Homeo

37、pathic products do not rely on ingredients that become toxic at high doses, because the water retains the “memory“ that allows the original treatment to function.Critics also point out the fact that homeopathic preparations have no systematic design to them, making it hard to monitor whether or not

38、a particular treatment has been efficacious. Homeopaths embrace this uncertainty. While results may be less certain, they argue, the non-toxic nature of homeopathy means that practitioner and patient can experiment until they find something that works without concern for side effects. Traditional me

39、dicine, they argue, assaults the body with a cocktail of drugs that only tackles the symptoms of disease, while homeopathy has its sights aimed on the causes. Homeopaths suggest this approach leads to kinder, gentler, more effective treatment.Finally, critics allege that when homeopathy has produced

40、 good results, these are exceedingly dependent on the placebo effect, and cannot justify the resources, time and expense that the homeopathic tradition absorbs. The placebo effect is a term that describes beneficial outcomes from a treatment than can be attributed to the patients expectations concer

41、ning the treatment rather than from the treatment itself. Basically, the patient “thinks“ himself into feeling better. Defenders suggest that homeopathy can go beyond this psychological level. They point to the successful results of homeopathy on patients who are unconscious at the time of treatment

42、, as well as on animals.Questions 27-32Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-K, below.Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.Aavoid the unpredictable outcomes of combining many remedies at once.Bexplain the success of 18th century apothecary medicine.Cproduce

43、fever-like symptoms in a healthy person.Dkeep antibody molecules active in parts as low as 0.01%.Esupport the notion official similibus.Foffer more remedial choice.Gproduce a less effective dose.Hrecreate the original results.Iretain qualities of an antibody to which they were previously exposed.Jsa

44、tisfy the demand of buyers.Ktreat effectively someone with a fever.（分数：6.00）(1).In the late 18th century, Hahnemann discovered that quinine was able to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The effectiveness of vaccinations also helps to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Benefits argued in the journal Nature that water molecules pos

45、sess the ability to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Attempts to verify Benvenistes findings were unable to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The purpose of the single remedy is to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Classical homeopaths suggest combination remedies have been created to（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Questions 33-40Complete the table below.Cho

46、ose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet. Argunents against homeopathy Arguments for homeopathy Has no U (33) /Uingredients Does not become U (34) /U when taken in large quantities. Lack of a U (35) /U makes success or U (36) /URemedids can be trialed with no risk of U (37) /U;trdatments tackle tackle causes and not just U (38) /U.Too much rekiance on the U (39) /U. Works psychologically but not physically.Proven to work on people whl are U (40) /U.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1: