【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(三)及答案解析.doc

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1、英语-基础语法(三)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.He showed the doctor the place _ he felt the pain.A. that B. when C. which D. where（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.He was amazed at _ he saw.A. that B. what C. which D. whom（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.Evidence came up _ specific sounds are rec

2、ognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A. what B. that C. which D. whose（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.Do what you think is right, _ they say.A. however B. no matter how C. whichever D. whatever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.We agreed to accept _ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whatever B. whomever C. whiche

3、ver D. whoever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6._ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. When compared B. Compare C. While comparing D. Comparing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7._ I sympathize, I cant really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.A. As long as B. As C. Whi

4、le D. Even（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8._ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A. As B. Whether C. While D. Now that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.David Singer, my friends father, _ raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life.A

5、. who B. if C. while D. though（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.We need a chairman _.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom everyone has confidence on（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.She did not come back home after midnight, _ turned her parents very upse

6、t and angry.A. which B. that C. who D. what（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.The residents, _ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all of their homes B. all their homesC. whose all homes D. all of whose homes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.He will come to see us when he _.A. arrives B. has arrive

7、d C. will arrive D. would arrive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.It is highly desirable that a new dean _ for this department.A. be appointed B. appointC. will be appointed D. is appointed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.This question _ at our next meeting.A. will bring up B. has brought upC. will be brought up D. has been b

8、rought up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.I expect they _ new energy source to replace petrol by 2020.A. will find B. are going to findC. will be finding D. will have found（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _ by about 10%.A. will have risen B. has r

9、isenC. will be rising D. has been rising（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.At no time _ other countries.A. China will invade B. will invade ChinaC. will China invade D. invade will China（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.By the end of this month, we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A. have found B. will be finding

10、C. will have found D. are finding（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.By the end of this week, he surely _ a collection of 2020 stamps.A. have had B. will be havingC. will have had D. will have（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955, the housing problems now in some part

11、s of the country _ so serious.A. wouldnt be B. wouldnt have beenC. will not be D. would have not been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.I guess the rain _ by tomorrow noon.A. will be stopping B. will have stoppedC. will stop D. will have been stopping（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.The goals _ he had fought all his life no lo

12、nger seemed important to him.A. after which B. for whichC. with which D. at which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _ up to half will be from overseas.A. in which B. for whomC. with which D. of whom（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25._ his return from Japan, Prof. Li went directl

13、y to his laboratory and started working with his colleagues.A. Upon B. At C. Within D. Over（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.The last half of the nineteenth century _ the steady improvement in the means of travel.A. has witnessed B. was witnessedC. witnessed D. is witnessed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.“Michael left for Ca

14、lifornia this morning.“ “Oh, I thought he _ until next week.“A. hadnt been going B. isnt goingC. wont be going D. wasnt going（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.Id rather you _ those important documents with you.A. dont take B. didnt takeC. wont take D. not take（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.People appreciate _ with him becau

15、se he has a good sense of humor.A. to work B. to have workedC. working D. having worked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.I was _ about the exam I couldnt get to sleep.A. such worried.that B. worried so.thatC. worried such.that D. so worried.that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.I will not spend so much money on that fur coat,

16、for I dont think it is _.A. worth buying B. worth to buyC. worthy buying D. worthy of buy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.Oh, what a nuisance! It _ so easy for me to bring those photographs I wanted to show you, and I have left them on the table at home.A. would have been B. had beenC. would be D. was（分数：2.00）A.

17、B.C.D.33.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice.A. follow B. had followedC. would follow D. have followed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.Had he worked harder, he _ the exams.A. must have got through B. would have got throughC. would get through D. could get through（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Wo

18、uldnt you rather your child _ to bed early?A. go B. went C. would go D. goes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Eugene resents his mothers insistence that he _ to church.A. go B. went C. would go D. ought to go（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.I _ the party much more if there hadnt been quite such a crowd of people there.A. woul

19、d enjoy B. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.“May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five oclock tonight?“ “Im sorry. Mr. Williams _ to a conference long before then.“A. will have gone B. had goneC. would have gone D. has gone（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.If th

20、e United States had not entered the Second World War, probably the unemployment rate _ still further.A. would rise B. should riseC. would have risen D. had risen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.If Tom wins tomorrow, he _ thirty races in the past four years.A. will win B. has wonC. would have won D. will have won

21、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.Things might have been much worse if the mother _ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insisting B. had insistedC. would insist D. insisted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.She asked the worker how long _ to build the house.A. it had taken B. had it takenC. would it take D. it was taken（分

22、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.Sometimes I wish I _ in a different time and a different place.A. be living B. were livingC. would live D. would have lived（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they were finished.A. had lost B. woul

23、d have lostC. would lose D. should have lost（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.Some women _ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.A. must make B. should have madeC. would make D. could have made（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.If Delia _ so much work to do, she

24、would have taken her friend out to dinner.A. should not have B. had not hadC. would not have D. would not have had（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him.A. had telephoned B. must have telephonedC. would telephone D. would have telephoned（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.In the

25、past, men generally preferred that their wives _ in the home.A. worked B. workC. would work D. were working（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _ before the West was settled.A. could B. was C. would D. did（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.I wish that Henry _

26、interested in reading good books.A. will be B. is C. would D. were（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(三)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.He showed the doctor the place _ he felt the pain.A. that B. when C. which D. where（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 定语从句中关系词的选择取决于该关系词在从句中的句法作用。关系代词

27、在从句中作主语或宾语，而关系副词则作状语。根据本句结构，此处只能选关系副词，由于先行词是 the place，指地点，因此 D项是唯一正确答案。2.He was amazed at _ he saw.A. that B. what C. which D. whom（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 根据句子结构可以看出 at后面接的是宾语从句。which 和 whom为连接代词，它们引导的名词性从句只在某些动词后用作宾语，这种从句相当于由特殊疑问句转换而成的间接引语，例如：I dont know whom you are talking about. 我不知道你谈的是谁。又如：Te

28、ll me which you like better, physics or chemistry. 告诉我你更喜欢哪门课，物理还是化学。that 引导宾语从句时，只起引导词作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，有时还可将 that省略，例如：I find (that) this book is particularly useful for beginners of English. 我认为这本书对英语初学者尤为有用。what 是关系代词，本身含有先行词，它引导的从句既可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语，还可以作表语，因此，B项既符合语法，又符合题意，例如：She was never satisf

29、ied with what she had achieved. 她从不满足于已取得的成就。3.Evidence came up _ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A. what B. that C. which D. whose（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 在 probability，certainty，likelihood，evidence 等词后可以跟同位语从句，一般由that引导，例如：Can you produce any evidence that he was n

30、ot at home that night?你能提供证据说明那天晚上他不在家吗?当这些词作主语且谓语又比较短时，通常将该主语与其同位语从句分开，例如：The order soon came that all civilians should evacuate the village. 不久命令下来了，所有居民都必须撤出村子。由此可见 B项为正确答案。4.Do what you think is right, _ they say.A. however B. no matter how C. whichever D. whatever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 however

31、 可作连接副词，意为“无论如何，不管怎样”，例如：However hard the task may be, we must fulfil it on time. 不管任务多么艰巨，我们都必须按时完成。故 A项不合适。no matter how的用法与 however相同，故 B项也应排除。whichever 作连接代词时，意为“无论哪个”，一般引导名词性从句，例如：You may choose whichever you want. 你想要哪一个，就挑哪一个。whatever除可作关系代词外，还可作连接代词，意为“无论什么”，例如：We are determined to fulfil th

32、is task whatever happens. 不管发生什么事，我们决心完成任务。因此 D项既合语法，又合题意，为正确答案。5.We agreed to accept _ they thought was the best tourist guide.A. whatever B. whomever C. whichever D. whoever（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 如果将句中的插入语 they thought去掉，很明显就能看出，此处需要一个关系代词来引导宾语从句，而且该关系代词在从句中作主语，由此可以将 B项排除。由于该宾语从句的表语(亦称主语补足语)是“导游”

33、(tourist guide)，故可将 A项和 C项排除。正确答案为 D项。6._ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. When compared B. Compare C. While comparing D. Comparing（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 由于句子主语 the highest mountain与动词 compare是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此这里不能使用现在分词作状语，故 D项错误，例如：Writing in a terse,

34、lucid style, the book describes the authors childhood experiences in Louisiana just before the outbreak of the Civil War. (write与句子主语 the book为逻辑动宾关系，因此应该改为使用过去分词作状语)“这本书以简洁明了的文体，描述了作者于南北战争前，在路易斯安那州的童年生活。”有的考生认为可以将动词原形compare用于祈使句，但是由于 compare是及物动词，其后要跟宾语，而且由于在同一个句号前不可以出现两个既不是并列关系、也不是从属关系的句子，故 B项不是正

35、确答案。when 和 while等连词引导时间状语从句时，当从句主语和主句主语一致，而且从句动词是 be的形式时，可以将从句的主语和 be的变化形式省略，A 项和 C项都符合这一规定，但是由于 compare和被省略掉的主语 the highest mountain是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处只能使用过去分词。7._ I sympathize, I cant really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.A. As long as B. As C. While D. Even（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 whi

36、le 作“尽管”讲，相当于 although，可以引导让步状语从句，例如：While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. 虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看出他的缺点。While we dont agree, we continue to be good friends. 虽然我们意见不符，但我们仍然是好朋友。8._ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A. As B. Whet

37、her C. While D. Now that（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 whether 引导让步状语从句时，通常与 or连用，意为“不管还是”，例如：Whether you can see the moon or not, it is always round. 不管你看见与否，月亮总是圆的。now that意为“既然”，引导条件状语从句，从句内容是既成的事实，例如：Now that you will come here, I neednt go there. 既然你要来，我就没必要到那儿去了。as 也可以引导让步状语从句，但是该从句一般置于主句之前，且从句内容必须倒装

38、，例如：Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes. 尽管他喜欢她，可有时他确实也对她发火。Try as he would, he could not lift the rock. 虽然他尽力了，但仍不能搬动那块石头。while 除了引导时间状语从句外，还可以引导让步状语从句，作“尽管，虽然”讲，有着强烈的对比意味，例如：While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones. 虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看得出他的缺点。9.David Singer, my f

39、riends father, _ raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life.A. who B. if C. while D. though（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 though 可以引导让步状语从句，例如：I think the poem is very good, though its written by an obscure poet. 我认为这首诗很好，尽管它出自一位默默无闻的诗人之手。who 可以引导定语从句，例如：This man was bel

40、oved by all who knew him. 这个人为所有认识他的人所敬爱。if可用来引导条件状语从句。while 可以引导时间状语从句，例如：He asked me to hold on while he left the telephone to find a pencil. 他让我等一等别挂电话，他去找支铅笔。10.We need a chairman _.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom ever

41、yone has confidence on（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 短语 have confidence in意为“对有信心”，例如：I had not enough confidence in that man. 我不太信任那个人。11.She did not come back home after midnight, _ turned her parents very upset and angry.A. which B. that C. who D. what（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，what 不能引导定

42、语从句，who 虽可以引导非限制性定语从句，但其先行词一般是人，因此 B项、C 项和 D项均不正确。此处 which指代前面整个句子，例如：He doesnt have a private telephone, which makes it difficult to get in touch with others. 他没有私人电话，所以很难与他人联系。故只有 A项为正确答案。12.The residents, _ had been damaged by the fire, were given help by the Red Cross.A. all of their homes B. al

43、l their homesC. whose all homes D. all of whose homes（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 whose 在这里引导定语从句，whose 在从句中作定语。例如：Time, whose tooth paws away everything else, is powerless against truth. 时间的利齿可以吞噬一切别的东西，对真理却无能为力。The best books are those whose readers think they could have written them. 最好的书使读者觉得这些书好像就是他

44、们自己所写。The well-dressed man is he whose clothes you never notice. 服饰得体的人，你永远也不会注意到他的穿着。13.He will come to see us when he _.A. arrives B. has arrived C. will arrive D. would arrive（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在 when，until，as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句中可用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：Ill write to you when I get to Beijing. 我

45、到北京就给你写信。由此可见 A项为正确答案。14.It is highly desirable that a new dean _ for this department.A. be appointed B. appointC. will be appointed D. is appointed（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在 It is highly desirable that.句型中，that 引导的是主语从句，从句谓语动词要使用原形或者“should+动词原形”，因而，C 项和 D项不合适。又因为 appoint和 a new dean是逻辑动宾关系，所以从句谓语要使

46、用被动语态，故只有 A项正确。需要注意的是，与essential，imperative，possible，anxious，vital，keen，better，advisable，preferable，appropriate，desirable，eager，insistent，natural，proper，important，necessary，urgent 等形容词相关的名词性从句中，谓语要使用动词原形或“should+动词原形”，例如：What is vital is that the right to vote be given to every adult. 每一个成年人都应该被赋予选举

47、权是至关重要的。15.This question _ at our next meeting.A. will bring up B. has brought upC. will be brought up D. has been brought up（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 根据句中的 next meeting可以断定该句需用将来时，又因谓语动词与句子主语具有逻辑上的动宾关系，该谓语动词应用被动语态，所以正确答案应为 C项。例如：This building will be finished next month. 这座楼将于下月竣工。16.I expect they _

48、new energy source to replace petrol by 2020.A. will find B. are going to findC. will be finding D. will have found（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 by 意为“到(某时)”，和完成时连用，表示到某时某事已发生。这里的某时既可以指过去，也可以指将来，分别和过去完成时和将来完成时连用。例如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks. 当你到伦敦时，我们就已在欧洲停留两个星期了。由此可见，四个选项中只有 D项符合题意。17.Its reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _ by about 10%.A. will have risen B. has risenC. will be rising D.