【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(七)及答案解析.doc

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1、英语-基础语法(七)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Some people hope the rains will return and ease the hardship _ the peasants of Northern China.A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they _ better h

2、ealth.A. are enjoying B. have been enjoyingC. could have enjoyed D. had enjoyed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.He loves doing some reading at home _ to the cinema.A. than to go B. than goingC. more than going D. rather than to go（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4._ of neglecting our education, my father sent my sister and me to

3、 an evening school.A. Accused B. AccusingC. To be accused D. That he was accused（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.She never regretted paying 200 for the bookcase. As a matter of fact she would gladly have paid _ for it.A. as much twice B. as twice muchC. much as twice D. twice as much（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.I was held

4、up by the traffic jam, otherwise I _ here 50 minutes sooner.A. would be B. ought to have beenC. would have been D. must have been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The driver carefully checked his car _ it should go wrong on the way.A. lest B. or elseC. so that D. in order that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8._“his second heart

5、attack if he hadnt smoked?“ “He might not have.“A. Would he have had B. Would he haveC. Had he had D. Were he to have（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _ to swim.A. how will it learn B. will it learn howC. it will learn how D. and it learns how（分数：2.00）A.B

6、.C.D.10.She _ not have seen you yesterday, for she was not there.A. might B. couldC. should D. must（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.By the time you come back I _ the work.A. finish B. shall finishC. shall have finished D. would have finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.John had been working hard _.A. so his brother did B

7、. and so was his brotherC. so did his brother D. and so had his brother（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.I _ come here by ship, but I didnt have enough time.A. would like to B. would like to haveC. would rather D. would rather to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.If only he _ what I tell him, but he wont.A. had done B. would ha

8、ve doneC. would do D. has done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.Shining down out of the blue sky, _.A. the sun burnt their pale skinsB. the sun burning their pale skinsC. they were burnt by the fierce sunD. their pale skins were burnt by the sun（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16._ an international student to work without proper

9、 papers, he would be in violation of his visa.A. Were B. Was C. Had D. Should（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.He didnt seem to mind _ TV while he was trying to study.A. them to watch B. that they watchC. their watching D. them watch（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.He is said to _ two trips to China in the last two years.A. m

10、ake B. be makingC. have been making D. have made（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19._ finish his homework, he would have come to class.A. If Mike could B. Were Mike able toC. Would Mike be able to D. If Mike had been able to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.A severe weather alert is now in effect for _ southern Ohio and Indiana.

11、A. whole B. the whole C. all of D. the all（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.I really appreciate _ to help me, but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.A. you to offer B. your offeringC. that you offer D. that you are offering（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.If he _ the storekeepers scissors, he would have forgott

12、en to buy a pair.A. would not see B. has not seenC. had not seen D. were not to see（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ go there.A. not to B. wont C. does not D. not（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.Copernicus maintained that the earth _ round the sun.A. moves B. mo

13、ved C. moving D. move（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.My wallet is nowhere to be found. I _ it when I was on the bus.A. must drop B. had droppedC. must have dropped D. should have dropped（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Did you notice the little boy _ away?A. took the candy and run B. take the candy and runC. taking the cand

14、y and run D. taking the candy and running（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.The new big factory is reported _ within two years.A. to have completed B. to completeC. having been completed D. to have been completed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.It was essential that all the necessary documents _ in to the personnel office.A. h

15、and B. be handedC. are to hand D. must he handed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29._ pretty late, we decided to leave at once, as we didnt want to risk missing the last bus.A. It being B. BeingC. As is being D. It was being（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.I _ a little earlier, but I met a friend of mine on the way.A. should ar

16、rive B. would be arrivingC. could have arrived D. arrived（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.When he awoke, he found himself _ after by an old woman.A. looking B. looked C. being looked D. be looked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.John as well as Jack _ just been back from an important meeting.A. have B. has C. had D. must have

17、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Lets stop to take up another subject, _ we?A. oughtnt B. dont C. shall D. should（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.I then listened to the boy _ the lesson written on the blackboard.A. read B. reading C. to read D. having read（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.You may rely on _ everything will be ready by Mond

18、ay.A. that B. what C. which D. it that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.I would have paid _ for my bike, if the salesman had insisted, because I really wanted it.A. as much again B. as much moreC. twice as much D. much twice（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.He sat there, doing nothing else _.A. but to laugh B. than laughingC.

19、than laugh D. but laughed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.No freshman and no graduate student _ to sit in on the forum.A. are allowed B. is allowedC. are approved D. is approved（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.Such _ the case, there are no grounds to justify your complaints.A. be B. was C. being D. as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.Ther

20、es no comparison between them, one _ clearly much better than the other.A. being B. wasC. be D. having been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.This is the same story _ I heard ten years ago.A. that B. about that C. which D. of which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.I advised her that in the presence of the princess she should no

21、t say anything until _.A. asked B. being askedC. having been asked D. to be asked（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.It is necessary that an efficient worker _ his work on time.A. accomplish B. accomplishesC. can accomplish D. has accomplished（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.It was _ that he heard of the victory of the Chinese

22、revolution.A. Stephen B. with StephenC. by Stephen D. from Stephen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.He was attending a meeting, _ come to your birthday party then.A. unless he would have B. or he wouldC. but he did not D. or he would have（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.The curious children watched the towers _.A. erected B.

23、be erectedC. to be erected D. being erected（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.I regret _ him a thief, but I regret even more his stealing my watch!A. to call B. to have calledC. having called D. called（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.You are supposed to _ in your composition yesterday.A. hand B. be handing C. have handed D. ha

24、nding（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.A new technique _ worked out, we set about our project.A. being B. to be C. having D. having been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.It is generally thought to be of importance to a man that he _ himself.A. knew B. know C. knows D. must know（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(七)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90

25、分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.Some people hope the rains will return and ease the hardship _ the peasants of Northern China.A. faced B. faces C. facing D. to face（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 facing the peasants 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词 the hardship，它的作用相当于一个后置定语从句，实际上是省略了 which was。到底应选现在分词、过去分词

26、或是不定式需根据句意确定。现在分词表示该动作是由前面的名词发出的，它既可以表示进行中的动作，也可以表示惯常的动作。过去分词是被动态，表示前面的名词是受动者。不定式表示该动作将由前面的名词发出。2.Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they _ better health.A. are enjoying B. have been enjoyingC. could have enjoyed D. had enjoyed（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 ever since 表示自过去的某个时间直到现在为止，所

27、以谓语需用完成时态。如果过程已经结束，需用现在完成时；如果过程尚未结束，需用现在完成进行时。3.He loves doing some reading at home _ to the cinema.A. than to go B. than goingC. more than going D. rather than to go（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本题的基本句式是 love A more than B，than 前后两部分的结构应相同，保持两边的平衡，因此 loves doing.more than going.。rather than 左右两边也应保持结构的平衡

28、。4._ of neglecting our education, my father sent my sister and me to an evening school.A. Accused B. AccusingC. To be accused D. That he was accused（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 A 项 accused of.“受到指控”。本题主要测试分词的用法。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。到底应选现在分词或是过去分词主要取决于它同句子主语的关系。如果分词的动作是由主语发出的就应选现在分词；如果主语是

29、受动者，就应选过去分词。5.She never regretted paying 200 for the bookcase. As a matter of fact she would gladly have paid _ for it.A. as much twice B. as twice muchC. much as twice D. twice as much（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 twice as much“两倍”。还可以说 as much again，意思不变。注意：谈论不可数的东西时需说 twice as much (as)，谈论可数的东西时需说 twic

30、e as many (as)。6.I was held up by the traffic jam, otherwise I _ here 50 minutes sooner.A. would be B. ought to have beenC. would have been D. must have been（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 otherwise“否则”，连接副词，引导一个与过去事实相反的假设，相当于 if I had not been held up by the traffic jam，因此句子谓语需用虚拟过去时。would be 是虚拟现在时的结果句。ou

31、ght to have been“本来应该”；must have been“一定已经”，纯属推断。7.The driver carefully checked his car _ it should go wrong on the way.A. lest B. or elseC. so that D. in order that（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 lest 引导的从句谓语一般多用虚拟语气 should+动词原形，也可单独用动词原形，如：Ill be kind to her lest she decide to leave me.8._“his second hear

32、t attack if he hadnt smoked?“ “He might not have.“A. Would he have had B. Would he haveC. Had he had D. Were he to have（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题为虚拟过去时或叫非真实条件句过去时，条件句用过去完成时，作出与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语用 would/could/might have+动词的过去分词。9.Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _ to swim.A. ho

33、w will it learn B. will it learn howC. it will learn how D. and it learns how（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 以 only引导的状语放在句首时，句子需用部分倒装句序，即将 be动词或助动词放在主语前面。10.She _ not have seen you yesterday, for she was not there.A. might B. couldC. should D. must（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 “她昨天不可能见到你，因为她根本就不在那里”。could not 后面

34、跟不定式完成式用于推断过去不可能发生某事。11.By the time you come back I _ the work.A. finish B. shall finishC. shall have finished D. would have finished（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本题测试的是将来完成时，将来完成时有两个明显特征：(1)句中有表示将来某个具体时间的时间状语；(2)强调动作的结果。12.John had been working hard _.A. so his brother did B. and so was his brotherC. so

35、did his brother D. and so had his brother（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 如果两个并列的肯定陈述句使用相同的句子结构、表达相同的意思时，第二个分句可以用so开头的倒装句。若第一个分句谓语用了复合时态，第二个分句可用倒装省略句，即将助动词移至主语之前。13.I _ come here by ship, but I didnt have enough time.A. would like to B. would like to haveC. would rather D. would rather to（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析

36、：解析 本题测试的是虚拟过去时及不定式完成式相结合的混合用法。I would like to have come here by ship.“我本来很想乘船来这里的”，这是一种含蓄条件句，里面包含着没有明说的条件“If I had had enough time”，而是以陈述事实的方式“but I didnt have enough time”加以说明。此句也可改写为“I would have liked to come here.”，表达的意思不变。14.If only he _ what I tell him, but he wont.A. had done B. would have d

37、oneC. would do D. has done（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 if only“但愿，要是就好了”。由 if only引导的句子谓语一般用虚拟语气；如果表示现在的愿望，谓语用 would/could+动词原形，如：If only he would stop talking；如果表示与过去事实相反的愿望，需用过去完成时，如：If only she had kept quiet. if only 引导的从句谓语有时用陈述语气，如：If only he will listen to her(注：句中的 will不表示将来时态，而是表示意愿“肯”)。15.Shini

38、ng down out of the blue sky, _.A. the sun burnt their pale skinsB. the sun burning their pale skinsC. they were burnt by the fierce sunD. their pale skins were burnt by the sun（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 shining down out of the blue sky 为分词短语作状语。分词短语作状语可以置于句首或句末，表示方式、原因、目的、伴随状况等。做这样的题时仍需注意分词与句子主语的逻辑关系，现

39、在分词表示动作是由句子主语发出的；过去分词表示主语是受动者。由于本句句首先有了现在分词短语，因此要选主语是分词施动者的句子，而 B项不是完整的句子，只有 A项是可选答案。16._ an international student to work without proper papers, he would be in violation of his visa.A. Were B. Was C. Had D. Should（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题测试虚拟条件将来时，省略 if用倒装句形式。在虚拟条件句中 be动词多用 were，很少用 was。17.He didn

40、t seem to mind _ TV while he was trying to study.A. them to watch B. that they watchC. their watching D. them watch（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 动词 mind“介意”后面要求跟-ing 形式，如果-ing 的施动者是句子主语本身，就用-ing；如果-ing 的施动者是另一个人，可用下列句式：mind him/his-ing；mind if.。18.He is said to _ two trips to China in the last two years.A

41、. make B. be makingC. have been making D. have made（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题测试的是不定式完成式。be said to“据说”后面可以跟不定式完成式，表示句子主语在谓语 be said动作发生之前已经做过某事；跟不定式一般式表示经常性的动作；跟不定式进行式表示与谓语动作同时进行的动作；跟不定式完成进行式表示在谓语所表达的时间之前一段时间以来一直在进行的动作。究竟应选用哪种形式要视句中的时间状语和上下文的逻辑意义而定。后面可以跟不定式完成式的句式还有：be supposed to；be reported to；be t

42、o；be sorry to；intended to；planned to；would like to；seem to；claim to 等。19._ finish his homework, he would have come to class.A. If Mike could B. Were Mike able toC. Would Mike be able to D. If Mike had been able to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题测试的是虚拟语气过去时，又称非真实条件句过去时，其中的条件状语从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用 would/could/mig

43、ht have+过去分词。由于本句用了 would have come，就应选含有过去完成时的条件句。相反，如果题中给出了含有过去完成时的条件句，就应选含有 would/could/might+完成式表示结果的主句。20.A severe weather alert is now in effect for _ southern Ohio and Indiana.A. whole B. the whole C. all of D. the all（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 all 修饰专有名词时有两种表达法，如 all China或 all of China。whole 不

44、能直接与专有名词连用，如不能说 whole China或 the whole China，而必须用 the whole of+专有名词结构。21.I really appreciate _ to help me, but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.A. you to offer B. your offeringC. that you offer D. that you are offering（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 appreciate“感激”后面要求跟名词或动名词作宾语。如果动名词的施动者是主语

45、本身，后面就直接跟动名词；如果主语是受动者，则需用现在分词的被动式，如：I appreciate being invited to your birthday party；如果动词的动作是由另一人发出而又需点明施动者时，则需用表示施动者的名词所有格或物主代词修饰动名词，本题即如此。22.If he _ the storekeepers scissors, he would have forgotten to buy a pair.A. would not see B. has not seenC. had not seen D. were not to see（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D

46、.解析：解析 本题测试虚拟语气过去时。23.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _ go there.A. not to B. wont C. does not D. not（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 suggest 的宾语从句谓语需用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。要求宾语从句谓语用虚拟语气的这类动词还有：insist/demand/recommend/urge/request/propose/advise/require/order/move/ask/desire/decide

47、/determine/arrange等。24.Copernicus maintained that the earth _ round the sun.A. moves B. moved C. moving D. move（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题测试的是一般现在时的用法之一：凡表述永恒的真理或客观规律的情况均用一般现在时而不管主句谓语用的是什么时态。25.My wallet is nowhere to be found. I _ it when I was on the bus.A. must drop B. had droppedC. must have drop

48、ped D. should have dropped（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 must have done 用以推断过去某个时间或到说话时为止的一段时间内必定发生了某事。在这种句子中必须有一个表示过去某个时间的时间状语或根据上下文可以明确判定谈论的是过去。26.Did you notice the little boy _ away?A. took the candy and run B. take the candy and runC. taking the candy and run D. taking the candy and running（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 notice 后面可以跟带现在分词或动词原形的复合结构作宾语；跟动词原形表示注意到的是动作的全过程；跟现在分词表示注意到的是正在发生中的动作。这里要注意的是，如果宾语后面有两个表示瞬间动作的动词，并且两个动作紧接