【学历类职业资格】英语阅读(一)自考题-9及答案解析.doc

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1、英语阅读(一)自考题-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第一部分 选择题/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPassage 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Since the Second World War, there has been an obvious trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. Many youths begin dating in the first stages

2、 of adolescence, “go steady“ through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed. In some quarters, there is much shaking of graying heads over the ways of rebellious youth. However, emotional maturity does not grow with age; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one

3、 or twenty-five. Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three-score years and ten.Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness. However, any marriage entered into as

4、 an escape cannot prove entirely successful. The sad fact is that marriage seldom solves ones problems; more often, it merely worsens them. Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it; one might say that they are abandoning one id

5、ol only to worship another. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that success is the ultimate good, but they themselves are wrong in believing that they have found the true center of lifes meaning. Their expectations of marriage are essentially unrealistic and

6、therefore incapable of fulfillment. They want too much, and tragic disillusionment is often bound to follow.Shall we, then, join the chorus of those against early marriages? One cannot generalize. all early marriages are not bad any more than all later ones are good. Satisfactory marriages re determ

7、ined not by how old one is, but by the emotional maturity of the partners. Therefore, each case must be judged on its own merits. If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few illusions or false expectations, and if it is economically feasible, why not? Good marri

8、ages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so can bad ones.（分数：10.00）(1).The phrase “go steady“ (para. 1) can be replaced by _. A. break up very often B. keep changing partners C. maintain the relationship D. believe in early marriages（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The phrase “shaking of graying heads“ (para

9、. 1) refers to _. A. the anger of parents B. the disapproval of old people C. the radical behaviors of the young D. the unruly manners of young lovers（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Besides escaping from unsatisfying home life, young people also marry early _. A. for personal development B. for financial suppo

10、rt C. to get rid of their loneliness D. to stay away from their parents（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the author, marriage more often than not _. A. ends up in divorce B. leads to tragedies C. proves to be successful D. worsens ones problems（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author argues that _. A. older

11、people suspect early marriages B. early marriages should not be encouraged C. early marriages are not always unsuccessful D. older people are wrong about early marriages（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPassage 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)On a January day in 1975, Ken and Catalina Brugger wandered through an ancient fores

12、t in Mexico on a high mountain slope eighty miles west of Mexico City. The air was damp and cool. The sky was cloudy, so little light reached through the trees. As the Bruggers walked along, they realized they were hearing a quiet, constant noise. It was like rain falling on the fire trees. But ther

13、e was no rain. They looked around for the source of the sound. Suddenly, sunlight broke through the clouds and lit up the forest. The Bruggers gasped in delight. All around them, the trees shimmered with the beating of brilliant orange and black wings. The Bruggers were surrounded by millions of mon

14、arch butterflies, resting in their winter home.The Bruggers discovery was important in the world of butterfly study. Butterfly lovers knew that, late every summer, monarchs migrate from Canada into Mexico. More than 300 million of the fragile creatures make the 2,500-mile flight. But no one knew wha

15、t became of the butterflies once they reached Mexico. Within the next few years, twelve more monarch roosts were discovered. They were all along the same mountain range where the Bruggers had made their find. Now the mystery was solved.The monarchs stay in Mexico is just one part of an amazing life

16、cycle. Every spring, in Mexico, female monarchs lay enormous numbers of eggs. One female may lay more than four hundred a month. She attaches her eggs to milkweed plants. The milkweed provides a perfect first home for the young monarchs. Because milkweed is poisonous to most creatures, birds and oth

17、er butterfly enemies avoid it. But monarchs love milkweed. The eggs hatch in three to twelve days, and out come worm like larvae (幼虫) which feed on the milk plant. The poison does not hurt them. But it does have an important effect. It makes the monarch as poisonous as the plant was. A bird that eat

18、s a monarch will become very sick and never eat another one.After living for two weeks as larvae, the monarchs attach themselves to leaves. Then they spin cocoons (茧). After a week, the cocoons open and the butterflies emerge, soon to begin their 2,500-mile flight northwards. Many of them die as the

19、y pass through such southern states as Texas and Louisiana. But first they lay more eggs. After a few weeks, a new generation of monarchs is ready to continue the journey. They or their children or grandchildren will reach Canada, where they spend the summer.（分数：10.00）(1).The Bruggers did not know w

20、here the quiet, constant noise came from because it was _. A. raining B. cloudy C. too bright D. windy（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By the time the article was written, people had discovered _. A. 1 monarch roost B. 12 monarch roosts C. 13 monarch roosts D. 400 monarch roosts（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Before the B

21、ruggers discovery, people did not know _. A. how monarch butterflies lived in Canada B. when monarch butterflies left Canada C. what happened to monarch butterflies in Mexico D. where monarch butterflies in Mexico came from（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The monarch butterflies make their winter home in _. A.

22、Canada B. Mexico C. the U.S. D. Texas or Louisiana（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The article provides information about monarchs _. A. migration, food and size B. food, size and number C. migration, food and number D. migration, number and size（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BPassage 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)How man first learn

23、ed to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon cer

24、tain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their association the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with mea

25、ning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more number of words that mean something to us increases.Great writers, are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these th

26、oughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotion. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words by singing like music, and which by their position and association can move man t

27、o tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.（分数：10.00）(1).The origin of language is _. A. a legend handed down from the past B. a matter that is hidden or secret C. a question difficult to answer D. a probl

28、em not yet solved（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).One of the reasons why man invented certain sounds to express thoughts and actions was that _. A. they could agree upon certain signs B. they could write them down C. they could communicate with each other D. they could combine them（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is t

29、rue about words? A. They can not be written down. B. They can be written down. C. They are simple sounds. D. They are mysterious.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The real power of words exists in their _. A. properties B. characteristics C. peculiarity D. representative functions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of th

30、e following statements is true? A. The more we read and learn, the more ignorant we are. B. The more we read and learn, the more confused we will be. C. The more we read and learn, the more learned we are. D. The more we read and learn, the more snobbish we become.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、BPassage 4/B(总题数

31、：1，分数：10.00)Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing

32、their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. A

33、nd it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society, understanding the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudice,

34、 and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilitie

35、s.“All men are created equal.“ Weve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in America. Although the phrase was used by this countrys founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies education

36、al opportunity for all childrenthe right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all childrendisabled or notto an appropriate education, and have ordered that public sc

37、hools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who can not profit substantially from regular programs.（分数：10.00）(1).In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading

38、 actor on the stage to show that _. A. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their families and the society B. exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are C. exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society D. the needs of t

39、he society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The reason why exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that _. A. they are expected to be leaders of the society B. they might become a burden of the society C. they should fully develop

40、 their potentials D. disabled children deserve special consideration（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).This passage mainly deals with _. A. the differences of children in their learning capabilities B. the definition of exceptional children in modern society C. special educational programs for exceptional childre

41、n D. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children _. A. is now enjoying legal support B. disagrees with the tradition of the country C. was clearly stated by the countrys founders D. w

42、ill exert great influence over court decisions（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Exceptional children refer to those with mental or physical problems. B. The author uses “All men are created equal“ to counter the school program for exceptional children.

43、C. Recent court decisions confirm the rights of exceptional children to learn with regular children. D. Regular school programs fail to meet the requirements to develop the potential of exceptional children.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BPassage 5/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In the late 1960s, many peopl

44、e in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers,

45、 and wasters of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120,000 Kilowattsenough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.Glass-walled skyscrapers can be espe

46、cially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of

47、glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.Skyscrapers also interfere with television reception, block bird fly ways, an

48、d obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960s, some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always built thempersonal ambition, civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.（分数：5.00）(1).The main purpose of the passage is to _. A. compare skyscrapers with other modern structures B. describe skyscrapers and their effects on the environment C. advocate the use of masonry in the constructio