ISO TS 7240-9-2012 Fire detection and alarm systems - Part 9 Test fires for fire detectors《火警检测和报警系统 第9部分 火灾探测器的火灾试验》.pdf

《ISO TS 7240-9-2012 Fire detection and alarm systems - Part 9 Test fires for fire detectors《火警检测和报警系统 第9部分 火灾探测器的火灾试验》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ISO TS 7240-9-2012 Fire detection and alarm systems - Part 9 Test fires for fire detectors《火警检测和报警系统 第9部分 火灾探测器的火灾试验》.pdf（62页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、 ISO 2012 Fire detection and alarm systems Part 9: Test fires for fire detectors Systmes de dtection et dalarme dincendie Partie 9: Essais sur foyers pour dtecteurs dincendie TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 7240-9 Second edition 2012-12-15 Reference number ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E)i

2、i ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing f

3、rom either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights rese

4、rved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 1 4 Characteristics of test fires Description 1 5 Test laboratory . 2 5.1 Dimensions . 2 5.2 Ambient test conditions 3 5.3 Instruments . 3 6 Test method . 3 6.1 Arrangement . 3 6.

5、2 Ventilation system 4 6.3 Measurement parameters . 5 6.4 End-of-test parameters 6 7 Test fires 6 7.1 General . 6 7.2 Test fire TF1 Open cellulosic (wood) fire 6 7.3 Test fire TF2 Rapid smouldering pyrolysis (wood) fire . 9 7.4 Test fire TF2a Slow smouldering pyrolysis (wood) fire 12 7.5 Test fire T

6、F2b Smouldering pyrolysis (wood) fire .14 7.6 Test fire TF3 Glowing (fast smouldering) cotton fire 16 7.7 Test fire TF3a Glowing (slow smouldering) cotton fire 19 7.8 Test fire TF3b Glowing (smouldering) cotton fire .21 7.9 Test fire TF4 Open plastics (polyurethane) fire .23 7.10 Test fire TF5 Liqui

7、d (heptane) fire 26 7.11 Test fire TF5a Liquid (heptane) small fire 29 7.12 Test fire TF5b Liquid (heptane) medium fire .30 7.13 Test fire TF6 Liquid (methylated spirit) fire .32 7.14 Test fire TF7 Slow smouldering (pyrolysis) wood fire .33 7.15 Test fire TF8 Low temperature black smoke (decalin) li

8、quid fire 34 7.16 Test fire TF9 Deep seated smouldering cotton fire .37 Annex A (normative) m value for different light beam lengths .39 Annex B (normative) y value 43 Annex C (normative) Optical measuring instrument .47 Annex D (normative) Measuring ionization chamber (MIC) 48 Annex E (normative) S

9、park-generating equipment.54 ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Eac

10、h member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internation

11、al Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standard

12、s adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a

13、 technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent c

14、ommittee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order t

15、o decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an International Standard or be withdr

16、awn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 7240-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and f

17、ire fighting, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 7240-9:2006) which has been technically revised. ISO 7240 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire detection and alarm systems: Part 1: General a

18、nd definitions Part 2: Control and indicating equipment Part 3: Audible alarm devices Part 4: Power supply equipment Part 5: Point-type heat detectors Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using electro-chemical cells Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or io

19、nization Part 8: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using an electro-chemical cell in combination with a heat sensor Part 9: Test fires for fire detectors Technical Specificationiv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) Part 10: Point-type flame detectors Part 11: Manual call points Part 12:

20、 Line type smoke detectors using a transmitted optical beam Part 13: Compatibility assessment of system components Part 14: Guidelines for drafting codes of practice for design, installation and use of fire detection and fire alarm systems in and around buildings Technical Report Part 15: Point type

21、 fire detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization sensors in combination with a heat sensor Part 16: Sound system control and indicating equipment Part 17: Short-circuit isolators Part 18: Input/output devices Part 19: Design, installation, commissioning and service of sound sys

22、tems for emergency purposes Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors Part 21: Routing equipment Part 22: Smoke-detection equipment for ducts Part 23: Visual alarm devices 1) Part 24: Sound-system loudspeakers Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths Part 27: Point-type fire detectors using a sc

23、attered-light, transmitted-light or ionization smoke sensor, an electrochemical-cell carbon-monoxide sensor and a heat sensor Part 28: Fire protection control equipment A part 29 dealing with video fire detectors is under development. 1) To be published. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v ISO/TS 7240-9:

24、2012(E) Introduction This part of ISO 7240 is based on ISO/TR 7240-9:2006. It provides a summary of the standard test fires defined in other parts of ISO 7240 and where they are used. It has been published to provide a convenient catalogue of fire tests but the formal definition and description of e

25、ach fire remains within the individual parts of ISO 7240. The combustibles selected represent a spectrum of large (m) and small ( y) combustion particles for both grey and black smoke. These include burning liquids, plastics and cellulosic (wood) materials, and glowing and smouldering fabrics. Figur

26、e 1 shows the limits of m vs y where they are defined for the relevant test fires. It illustrates how the test fires are designed to represent a reasonable crosssection of fire types and thus ensure that the response characteristics of the detectors being assessed are broadly capable of detecting th

27、e majority of common fires that may occur in practise. Key Y absorption index, m, dB/m X MIC, y (dimensionless) Figure 1 Composite of ISO test fires TF1 to TF5, TF7 and TF8 profile curves: m versus y The test fires in this part of ISO 7240 are intended to be applicable for the evaluation of all auto

28、matic fire detectors (smoke, heat, flame, etc.). They are employed on a selective basis for use in concert with a specified International Standard covering the particular type of detector. For example, test fire TF6, methylated spirits, is used to evaluate the response of heat detectors. Test fires

29、TF1 through TF5 are selected to evaluate the response of system-connected smoke detectors. Test fire TF7 is selected in lieu of test fire TF2 to evaluate the response of smoke alarms intended primarily for installation in residential type occupancies. In view of the residential type application, smo

30、ke alarms are evaluated for compliance with test fire TF7 using a 3 m high rather than a 4 m high ceiling. Test fires TF2, TF3 and TF9 are suitable for testing the response of a detector to carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide output curves are also shown for TF4, TF5 and TF8.vi ISO 2012 All rights rese

31、rved TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) Fire detection and alarm systems Part 9: Test fires for fire detectors 1 Scope This Technical Specification describes methods of test using test fires to which fire detectors, such as smoke, heat, flame are subjected as specified in other parts of I

32、SO 7240 for such detectors. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies

33、. ISO 7240-1, Fire detection and alarm systems Part 1: General and definitions 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in ISO 7240-1 and the following apply. 3.1 sensitivity relative degree of response of a smoke detector Note 1 to

34、 entry: A high sensitivity denotes response to a lower concentration of smoke particles than a low sensitivity under identical smoke build-up conditions. 4 Characteristics of test fires Description Fifteen test fires are described in Clause 7 and designated TF1 through TF9. Their characteristic feat

35、ures are shown in Table 1. The test fires shall be carried out in accordance with the descriptions of Clause 7. It is permissible to vary slightly the quantities of fuel used, if necessary, to produce the required values of fire parameters. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) Table

36、1 Characteristics of test fires Designation TF = Test fire Type of fire Develop- ment of heat Up-current Smoke Aerosol spectrum Visible portion Carbon monoxide TF1 Open cellulosic (wood) Strong Strong Yes Predomin- antly invisible Dark Very weak TF2 Rapid smouldering pyrolysis (wood) Weak Weak Yes P

37、redomin- antly visible Light, high scattering Yes TF2a Slow smouldering pyrolysis (wood) Weak Weak Yes Predomin- antly visible Light, high scattering Yes TF2b Smouldering pyrolysis (wood) Weak Weak Yes Predomin- antly visible Light, high scattering Yes TF3 Glowing (fast smouldering) (cotton) Weak Ve

38、ry weak Yes Partially visible Light, high scattering Strong TF3a Glowing (slow smouldering) cotton Weak Very weak Yes Partially visible Light, high scattering Strong TF3b Glowing (smoulder- ing) cotton Weak Very weak Yes Partially visible Light, high scattering Strong TF4 Open plastics (polyurethane

39、) Strong Strong Yes Partially invisible Very dark Weak TF5 Liquid (n-heptane) Strong Strong Yes Predomin- antly invisible Very dark Weak TF5a Liquid (n-heptane) small Strong Strong Yes Predomin- antly invisible Very dark Weak TF5b Liquid (n-heptane) medium Strong Strong Yes Predomin- antly invisible

40、 Very dark Weak TF6 Liquid (methylated spirit) Strong Strong No None None Very weak TF7 Slow smouldering (pyrolysis) wood Weak Weak Yes Predomin- antly visible Light, high scattering Very weak TF8 Low temperature black smoke (decalin) liquid Weak Weak Yes Predomin- antly visible Dark Very weak TF9 D

41、eep seated smoul- dering cotton Weak Weak Yes Predomin- antly visible Light, high scattering Yes 5 Test laboratory 5.1 Dimensions The dimensions of the test room shall be within the following limits: length: 10 m 1 m; width: 7 m 1 m; height: 4 m 0,2 m for all tests except TF7 which specifies a 3 m 0

42、,2 m ceiling height. This can be achieved by placing the hotplate on a 1 m high platform.2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) The ceiling and walls shall be flat with no obstructions between the fire source and the detectors and instrumentation. The fire source shall be centred as mu

43、ch as possible with respect to the four walls to minimize reflection of smoke and/or heat. Fire curtains may be employed to reduce the room size within specified limits, if needed. 5.2 Ambient test conditions The following ambient conditions shall be established prior to conducting each test fire: a

44、) temperature: (15 to 35) C. Recommend maximum 2 C difference between ceiling and floor temperatures for smouldering tests TF2, TF3, TF3a, TF3b and TF7; b) relative humidity: (25 to 75) %; c) air pressure: (86 to 106) kPa; d) air movement: negligible; e) MIC reading: less than y = 0,05; f) optical b

45、eam reading: less than m = 0,05 dB/m; g) CO concentration: less than S = 5 l/l NOTE For improved consistency of test fires, the temperature can be controlled to (31 to 25) C and the relative humidity can be controlled to (45 to 55) %. 5.3 Instruments The measuring instruments or their specification

46、employed during the test fires are described under the following annexes: optical measuring equipment (see Annex C); measuring ionization chamber (see Annex D); spark generator (see Annex E). 6 Test method 6.1 Arrangement The location and arrangement of the detectors under test, smoke density, tempe

47、rature and carbon monoxide level measuring instrumentation, and test fire location are illustrated in Figure 2. For those tests that require ignition inside the test room, the personnel entrusted with the performance of the test shall leave the test room immediately after igniting the fuel, taking c

48、are to prevent air movement, which may affect the development of the test. All doors, windows, or other openings shall be kept closed during the test. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO/TS 7240-9:2012(E) a) Plan view of fire test room b) Mounting position for instruments and specimens Key 1 specimen

49、s and measuring instruments see Figure 2(b) 2 optimum position of sampling point for aspirating smoke detectors 3 ventilation system for aspirating smoke detectors see Figure 3 4 position of test fire 5 ceiling Figure 2 Location of detectors, fire and measuring instruments 6.2 Ventilation system As a consequence of the low quantity of aerosols generated by reduced fire tests, it is necessary, for the reduced fire te