IEEE N42 20-2003 en American National Standard Performance Criteria for Active Personnel Radiation Monitors《有源个人辐射监控器用美国标准性能标准》.pdf

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1、ANSI N42.20-2003(Revision ofANSI N42.20-1995)IEEE StandardsN42.20American National StandardPerformance Criteria for ActivePersonnel Radiation MonitorsPublished by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA2 February 2004Accredited by the Am

2、erican National Standards InstituteSponsored by theNational Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42IEEE StandardsPrint: SH95185PDF: SS95185The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Elect

3、ronic Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 2 February 2004. Printed in the United States of America.Print:ISBN 0-7381-3861-4 SH95185PDF:ISBN 0-7381-3862-2 SS95185No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior writ

4、ten permission from the publisher.ANSI N42.20-2003(Revision ofANSI N42.20-1995)American National Standard Performance Criteria for Active Personnel Radiation MonitorsSponsorNational Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42Accredited by the American National Standards InstituteSecretariatThe Insti

5、tute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.Approved 22 August 2003American National Standards InstituteAbstract:Performance and design criteria are provided in this standard for monitors that are wornon the trunk of the body to measure the personal dose equivalent, or the dose equivalent rate

6、 fromexternal sources, of ionizing radiation.This is a revision of ANSI N42.20-1995.Keywords:design criteria, ionizing radiation, monitors, performance criteria, personnel radiationmonitors, radiation, radiation instrumentation, radiation monitorsAmerican National StandardAn American National Standa

7、rd implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and pro-visions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, andthe general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude any-one, whether

8、he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subjectto periodic reviews and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions.CAUTION NOTICE:This American Nat

9、ional Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The pro-cedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to affirm, revise, or with-draw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American NationalStandards may receive

10、current information on all standards by calling or writing the American NationalStandards Institute.Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee

11、is paid to CopyrightClearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Cus-tomer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1-978-750-8400. Permission to photo-copy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also

12、 be obtained through theCopyright Clearance Center.Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of ANSI N42.20-2003, American National Standard Performance Criteria for Active Per-sonnel Radiation Monitors.)This standard is the responsibility of the Accredit

13、ed American Standards Committee on Radiation Instru-mentation, N42. Committee N42 delegated development of this standard to Subcommittee N42.RPI. Draftswere reviewed by Committee N42, Subcommittee N42.RPI, and other interested parties, and the commentsreceived were utilized in producing the standard

14、 as finally approved. ParticipantsAt the time it approved this standard, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation,N42 had the following membership:Louis Costrell,ChairMichael P. Unterweger,Vice ChairSue Vogel,Administrative SecretaryOrganization Represented Name of Representat

15、iveAmerican Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Jesse LiebermanBartlett Services.Morgan CoxBicron.Joseph G. BellianChew, M.H. Jack M. SelbyCommerce Dept., U.S. NIST .Michael P. UnterwegerLouis Costrell (Alt.)Eberline Instruments Mitchell TruittEntergy-ANO Ron SchwartzFemo-TECH Inc Rich

16、ard StraubGamma Metrics Inc. Ernesto A. CorteGeneral Activities Inc Karl ReinitzHealth Physics Society Joseph R. StencelInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Louis CostrellJulian Forster (Alt.)Anthony J. Spurgin (Alt.)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Edward J. LampoLawrence L

17、ivermore National Laboratory. Gary JohnsonMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Bates Linear Accelerator Center, RPO .Frank X. MasseNASA, GFSC.H. Sachidananda BabuNuclear Standards Unlimited.Al N. TschaecheOak Ridge National Laboratory Charles L. BrittonPeter J. Chiaro, Jr. (Alt.)ORTEC.Ronald M. Ke

18、yserOverhoff Technology Corporation Mario W. OverhoffPacific Northwest Lab. Joseph C. McDonald Swinth Associates Kenneth L. SwinthTennelec .Larry DarkenTennessee, University of William W. BuggThermo-electron.Richard P. OxfordTranslucent.G. Laurie MillerU.S. Army Edward GroeberWisconsin Public Servic

19、e Group Timothy MartinsonMembers-at-Large. Paul L. PhelpsLee J. WagnerivCopyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.At the time this standard was approved, Subcommittee N42.RPI had the following membership:Jack M. Selby,ChairAt the time this standard was approved, the Working Group had the following me

20、mbership:Joseph C. McDonald, Chair and Project LeaderJoseph G. Bellian Peter J. Chairo, Jr. Morgan Cox Henry FongRobert Ford Mark M. Hoover Joseph G. Johnson Michelle L. JohnsonR. L. Kathren Michael J. Lantz Sergio Lopez Jimmy LittleJoseph C. McDonald Richard P. Oxford Carl R. Siebentritt Al N. Tsch

21、aecheEd Walker Chuan-Fu WuPeter J. Chiaro, Jr.Morgan CoxMichael W. Lantz Sergio LopezJack M. SelbyCopyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview . 11.1 Purpose. 11.2 Scope 11.3 Relationship to international standards 22. References 23. Definitions 34. General testing information . 54.

22、1 Type test. 54.2 Performance test. 54.3 Acceptance test 54.4 Reference conditions and standard test conditions 55. General performance requirements 55.1 Mechanical requirements. 55.2 Electrical and electronic requirements. 75.3 Radiological requirements . 95.4 Environmental requirements 126. Perfor

23、mance tests. 136.1 Mechanical tests. 136.2 Electrical and electronic tests. 146.3 Radiological tests. 156.4 Environmental conditions tests 177. Documentation. 187.1 Type-test report 187.2 Certificate. 187.3 Operation and maintenance manual. 19Annex A (informative) Bibliography. 20Annex B (informativ

24、e) Angular dependence. 21Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.1American National Standard Performance Criteria for Active Personnel Radiation Monitors1. Overview1.1 PurposeThe purpose of this standard is to specify performance and design criteria for personal electronic monitorsused for the dete

25、rmination of personal dose equivalent, or dose equivalent rate from external sources, ofradiation. It is necessary to standardize the performance and design of devices used for this importantpurpose. Recent developments in this area of instrumentation have necessitated the revision of ANSIN42.20-199

26、5 for these devices. This standard should be used in conjunction with ANSI N42.17a-2003.11.2 ScopeThis standard applies to the following types of active electronic devices that are worn on the trunk of thebody for the purpose of measuring the personal dose equivalent, or dose equivalent rate from ex

27、ternalsources, of radiation. The types of dosimeters, include those designed for measuring, are the following:Type 1X, gamma, and high energy beta radiationsType 2Neutron radiationType 3X, gamma, high energy beta, and neutron radiations (i.e., total dose)The standard specifies the design and perform

28、ance criteria for the personal electronic dose monitors and, ifsupplied, the associated readout system. It applies to devices used for the measurement of personal doseequivalent (rate) from photon radiations (X-rays and gamma rays) of energies 50 keV to 1.5 MeV, betaradiation of maximum energies gre

29、ater than 500 keV, and neutron radiation from thermal energies toapproximately 15 MeV.This standard does not include instruments referred to as chirpers,which are described in ANSI N13.27-1981. This standard does not specify methods for the proficiency testing and accreditation of dosimetrysystems.

30、The standard addresses only the radiation detection portions of instruments with telemetriccapability. It also does not address passive devices such as thermoluminescent dosimeters, photographicfilm dosimeters, or quartz fiber electroscope dosimeters. This standard specifies the following items fora

31、ctive personal electronic dosimeters: required general characteristics; general testing procedures; radiation1Information on references can be found in Clause 2.ANSIN42.20-2003 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD PERFORMANCE CRITERIA2Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.characteristics; and electrical, m

32、echanical, safety, and environmental characteristics. The standard specifiesthe criteria for validating the accuracy of stored dosimetry information. This standard should be used for theevaluation of active personal electronic dosimeters as part of a type testing program or a qualification of thedev

33、ices for purchase and subsequent use in a radiation protection program. The proficiency testing oraccreditation of these devices is covered in related standards developed by Accredited Standards Committee(ASC) N13.1.3 Relationship to international standardsThis standard is consistent with standards

34、being developed by IEC TC45/SC45B. In addition to ANSI defi-nitions, it utilizes definitions of IEC 60050-394:1995 B12and ISO standards on reference radiations, but itdoes not use the ICRU operational quantities given in IEC 60050-394:1995, because they have not yet beenadopted in the United States.

35、2. ReferencesThis standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. When the following standardsare superseded by an approved revision, the revision shall apply.ANSI N13.11-2001, American National Standard Personnel Dosimetry PerformanceCriteria for Testing.3ANSI N13.27-1981 (Re

36、aff 1992), American National Standard Performance Requirements for Pocket-SizeAlarm Dosimeters and Alarm Ratemeters.ANSI N42.17a-2003, American National Standard Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instru-mentationPortable Instrumentation for Use in Normal Environmental Conditions.ANSI N42

37、.17c-1989, American National Standard Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instru-mentationPortable Instrumentation for Use in Extreme Environmental Conditions.ANSI N319-1976 (Reaff 1984), American National Standard for Personnel Neutron Dosimeters/NeutronEnergies Less than 20 MeV).4ANSI N3

38、23-1978 (Reaff 1993), American National Standard for Radiation Protection Instrumentation Testand Calibration.ICRU Report 33-1980, Radiation quantities and units.5ICRU Report 51-1993, Quantities and Units in Radiation Protection Dosimetry.2The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliogra

39、phy in Annex A.3ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/).4ANSI N319-1976 has been withdrawn; however, copies can be obtained from the Sales Department, American Nati

40、onal Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/).5ICRU publications are available from the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.ANSIFOR ACTIVE PERSONNEL RADIATION MON

41、ITORS N42.20-2003Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.3ISO 4037-1:1996, X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters andfor Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon EnergyPart 1: Radiation Characteristics and Pro-duction Methods.6ISO 4037-2:1997, X and

42、 Gamma Reference Radiation for Calibrating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters andfor Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon EnergyPart 2: Dosimetry for Radiation Protec-tion over the Energy Ranges from 8keV to 1,3 MeV and 4 MeV to 9MeV. ISO 4037-3:1999, X and Gamma Reference Radiation for Ca

43、librating Dosemeters and Doserate Meters andfor Determining Their Response as a Function of Photon EnergyPart 3: Calibration of Area and PersonalDosemeters and the Measurement of Their Response as a Function of Energy and Angle of Incidence.ISO 6980:1996, Reference Beta Radiations for Calibrating Do

44、semeters and Doserate Meters and for Deter-mining Their Response as a Function of Beta-Radiation Energy.ISO 8529:1989, Neutron Reference Radiations for Calibrating Neutron-Measuring Devices Used for Radia-tion Protection Purposes and for Determining Their Response as a Function of Neutron Energy.NIS

45、T Special Publication 250-1989, Calibration Services Users Guide.73. DefinitionsFor the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply. When the word tissueis used in this stan-dard, the specification given in ICRU Report 33-1980 is implied.3.1 acceptance testing: Evaluation or measuremen

46、t of performance characteristics to verify that certainstated specifications and contractual requirements are met.3.2 accredited testing laboratory:A testing laboratory that has been accredited by an authoritative bodywith respect to its qualifications to perform verification tests on the type of in

47、struments covered by this stan-dard, ANSI N42.20-2003.3.3 accuracy:The degree of agreement of the observed value with the conventionally true value of thequantity being measured. This degree of agreement can be quantified by computing the difference betweenthe indicated value of a quantity and the c

48、orrect (conventionally true) value of the quantity at the point ofmeasurement. In the case of dose equivalent, it is expressed as Hi Ht, where Hiis the indicated value andHtis the conventionally true value. NOTEThis definition corresponds to Error of Indication as given in several standards.3.4 adju

49、st: To alter the reading of an instrument by means of a variable (hardware or software) control.3.5 alarm: An audible and/or visible signal activated when the instrument reading exceeds a preset value orfalls outside of a preset range.3.6 angular dependence: The dependence of the response of an instrument upon the direction of the inci-dent radiation.6ISO publications are available from the ISO Central Secretariat, Case Postale 56, 1 rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzer-land/Suisse (http:/www.iso.ch/). I